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MARPOL – Annex VI

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MARPOL Annex VI Control of Air Pollution from Ships and its Current Revision process Dr. Tim Gunner, Technical Consultant, Intertanko Why MARPOL Annex VI? – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: MARPOL – Annex VI


1
MARPOL Annex VI
  • Control of Air Pollution
  • from Ships
  • and its Current Revision process
  • Dr. Tim Gunner, Technical Consultant, Intertanko

2
Why MARPOL Annex VI?
  • Emission Gases from Ships
  • Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) create Ozone
  • Sulphur Oxides (SOx) create acidification
  • Hydrocarbons (HC) gas, soot and some
    particulates
  • Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC)
  • Refrigerant Gases
  • Non Annex VI
  • Carbon Dioxide (CO2) is a GHG
  • Carbon Monoxide (CO)
  • The concentration of exhaust gases is variable
    according to the engine type, engine settings and
    fuel type.

3
IMO REGIONAL DEVELOPMENTS
  • Annex VI entered into force in 2005
  • Baltic Sea - SECA from May 2006
  • North Sea/English Channel - SECA from November
    2007
  • EU Directive from August 2007
  • Major Revision of MARPOL Annex VI Commenced
    2006 and due for completion 2007/8
  • European Sulphur Directive governs emissions in
    port (0.1 S at berth)
  • California (CARB) new regulations (0.5 S) which
    take effect in 2007
  • Various ports are facing new local regulations on
    Ship Emissions, which are governing future
    expansion and development  

4
The Regulations inAnnex VI
  • There are 19 Regulations but the following
    Regulations will impact Vessel operation
  • Regulation 12 Ozone Depleting Substances
  • Regulation 13 NOx emissions
  • Regulation 14 Sulphur Oxide emissions
  • Regulation 15 VOC emissions
  • Regulation 16 Shipboard Incinerators
  • Regulation 18 Fuel Oil Quality control

5
Regulation 13 NOx
  • For all Engines (except emergency engines)
    installed on ships after 1st January 2000 of more
    than 130 kW must comply to this Regulation.
  • The NOx emission is limited to 17 g/kW h for
    engines operating at 130 rpm but reducing to 9.8
    g/kW h for 2000 rpm. Between these revs the
    limit is designated by equation
  • 45 n(-0.2) g/kW h
  • Existing engines can become a new engine if
    substantially modified.

6
Proposed Revisions of Regulation 13 - NOx
  • Tiered approach to further NOx reductions Tier
    2 from date of revisions coming into force -
    2010, and Tier 3 from 2015
  • Lower limit NOx emissions (30 - 40 reduction
    discussed for first tier 2010)
  • Further NOx emission limitation on all existing
    engines, particularly those installed after Jan.
    2000
  • NECAs NOx emission control areas (Tier 3 levels
    for these areas?)

7
Regulation 14 - SOx
  • The Worldwide Sulphur cap on fuel oil is set at
    4.5.
  • Sulphur Emission Control areas (SECAs)
  • Areas Baltic, North Sea and English Channel
  • Sulphur Level of fuel 1.5 or
  • Alternatively use an exhaust gas cleaning system
  • Ship must have cleared all pipe systems and tanks
    and be using low sulphur fuel on entry

8
Sulphur Emission Control Areas - SECAs
Nov. 2007
May 2006
9
Proposed Revisions of Regulation 14 - SOx
  • Reduction of SOx emissions
  • Reduction of the Global Cap e.g. to 3.00
  • Reduction of the SECA Cap e.g. to 1.00 or
    0.50
  • Correction for the reporting and measurement
    standard to two decimal places for Sulphur
    content (Bunker Delivery Note criterion).

10
Future Revision of Regulation 14 - Additional
SECAs?
11
New Parameter for Air Pollution Control
  • Particulate Matter Emission control
  • What are these Particulates?
  • Sulphates from SOx
  • Nitrates from NOx
  • VOC from uncombusted hydrocarbons
  • Heavy Metals e.g. Vanadium, Nickel, Aluminium,
    Sodium, Calcium, Zinc from Heavy Fuel oil and
    Lube Oil
  • Soot from the aromatics in heavy fuel oil

12
Particulate Matter Regulation and Control Methods
  • At present this subject matter has not been fully
    debated within the working group
  • Issues to be confronted
  • Size of the Particulate to be regulated 10
    micron or 2.5 micron
  • Extent of limitation of Particulate emission
  • Methods for control of Particulate emissions
    e.g. Scrubbers and/or Filters
  • Storage and Disposal of Particulates
  • Control and verification of reduced emissions

13
Current Regulation 18 Fuel Oil Quality
  • Fuel oil shall be blends of hydrocarbons derived
    from petroleum refining
  • Fuel oil shall be free from inorganic acid
  • Fuel oil shall not include any added substance
    or chemical waste which either
  • Jeopardises the safety of ships or adversely
    affects the performance of the machinery, or
  • Is harmful to personnel, or
  • Contributes overall to additional air pollution

14
Regulation 18 Fuel Oil Quality
  • Bunker Delivery Note (BDN)
  • Becomes a Statutory document
  • Must be kept on board for 3 years for inspection
    and a copy taken for further examination.
  • Must contain all data required by appendix V
  • Name and IMO number of vessel
  • Port
  • Date of Commencement of delivery
  • Details of fuel oil supplier
  • Product name, quantity , Density at 15 0C and
    Sulphur content m/m
  • A declaration that fuel supplied meets Regulation
    14 and 18.

15
Regulation 18 Fuel Oil Quality
  • Fuel Oil Sampling
  • A sealed sample meeting the requirements in
    associated guidelines has to given to the ship by
    the bunker supplier
  • For each individual BDN a sample has to be taken
    at the vessels bunker receiving manifold. (see
    procedure in associated guidelines)
  • The sample label has to be signed by both the
    bunker suppliers representative and the vessels
    Chief Engineer.
  • The sample size shall be not less than 400 mls
  • The sample is not to be used for any commercial
    purpose
  • The sample is to be retained on board for at
    least 1 year for inspection by PSC as required

16
INTERTANKOs suggestions to IMO BLG working Group
  • The use of distillate fuels, with a global
    Sulphur content cap introduced using a two tiered
    programme, as follows
  • from 2010, a maximum of 1.00 S content
  • for ships engines installed on and after 2015,
    a maximum 0.50 Sulphur content
  • A Global Sulphur Emission Control Area
  • If the above two issues were considered feasible,
    then the provisions for checking and monitoring
    compliance with Regulation 14 and 18 should be
    revised accordingly.

17
INTERTANKOs SuggestionsSolutions for the
Revision
  • Automatic reduction of NOx due to fuel quality by
    10 15 and allows engine manufacturers to
    develop more in engine technologies.
  • Removes the requirement for storage of three
    fuels and the changeover safety problems for SECA
    entry
  • Removes the requirement to regulate Particulate
    Matter
  • Removes the risk of Regional Regulation
  • Regulates one type of acceptable fuel quality for
    all ships and aligns shipping with other forms of
    transport
  • Simplifies verification and control

18
Thank you for your attention
  • Any Questions?
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