Title: An Introduction to Alternative and Complementary Medicine
1An Introduction to Alternative and Complementary
Medicine
- NUTR 547 Nutrition Update
- David L. Gee, PhD
- Summer 2006
2Definitions
- Allopathic Medicine
- A system of medicine that embraces all methods of
proven value in the treatment of disease. - Conventional medicine, Western Medicine
- Complementary and Alternaitive Medicine
- a group of diverse medical and health care
systems, practices, and products that are not
presently considered to be part of conventional
medicine. (NCCAM, 2006)
3Definitions
- Alternative medicine
- used in place of conventional medicine
- using special diet to treat cancer instead of
chemotherapy, surgery, etc... - Complementary medicine
- used together with conventional medicine
- using aroma therapy to relieve discomfort
following surgery - Integrative medicine
- combines mainstream and CAM therapies for which
there is some high-quality scientific evidence of
safety and effectiveness.
4A glimpse of CAM in American history.
- Bible Christian Evangelist (1794-1851)
- Promoted homeopathic medicine and the belief of
natural living - Dyspepsia caused by diets too
concentratedbreak up diet by putting back the
bran - Meat excited vile tempers and habitsdrove men to
sexual excesses - Cold baths, exercise, fresh air, cold food
- Sylvester Graham
- Inventor of the Graham Cracker
5A glimpse of CAM in American history.
- Adventist Sister Ellen White
- Upon advice from the Lord, built the Western
Health Reform Institute in Battle Creek, MI. - Employed a medical physician
- Daily enemas, vegetarianism, whole grain advocate
- Henry Ford, John D. Rockefeller, Harvey Firestone
became patients - Developed wheat flake cereal
- Dr. John Harvey Kellogg
- Younger brother, William Kellogg, develops the
corn flake cereal, leaves brother and established
his own company (WK Kellogg company) in 1906
6A glimpse of CAM in American history.
- In 1891, a well-to-do real estate salesman and
blanket manufacturer was a patient at the Battle
Creek Sanitarium - Spent his fortune at Battle Creek trying to
recover his health. Asked Kellogg if he could
promote a new coffee cereal was denied. - Left Battle Creek, became a Christian Scientist,
started his own sanitarium and cereal company
(with some of Kelloggs formulations!) - Cereal coffee- Postum could cure coffee
neuralgia and cofee heart - Broken bits of sheets of baked wheat Grape Nuts
- His name C.W. Post
7The Use of CAM in the US.2004 Report by NCCAM
NCHS
8Who uses CAM the most?
- Women more than men
- people with higher education
- people who have been hospitalized in past year
- former smokers (more than current or never smoked)
9Types of CAMdefined by NCCAM, 2006
- Mind-Body Medicine
- techniques designed to enhance the mind's
capacity to affect bodily function and symptoms - meditation, mental healing
- Energy Medicine
- therapies affecting body energy fields (qi
gong, healing touch, Reiki) or unconventional use
of electro-magnetic fieldsusing - Manipulative and Body-based Practices
- chiropractic or osteopathic manipulation or
massage therapy - Biologically based products
- herbs and other dietary supplements
10- Mind-body medicine used most (if including
prayer) - Biologically based practices used most if prayer
excluded
11(No Transcript)
12Spending on CAMEisenberg DM, Davis RB, Ettner
SL, et al. Trends in alternative medicine use in
the United States, 1990-1997 results of a
follow-up national survey. JAMA.
1998280(18)1569-1575.
- 36-47 billion in 1997
- 12-20 billion out of pocket
- more than spent out of pocket for
hospitalizations - half of what was spent out of pocket for
physician services - 5 billion spent on herbal supplements
13So why study CAM ?
- Many Americans utilize CAM
- Money
- Alternative vs Complementary Medicine
- CAM interactions with Allopathic medicine
- drug interactions
- nutrient interactions
- Most commonly used type of CAM are dietary
supplements/herbs