Wonders of the World The Seven Wonders of the Ancient Worl

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Wonders of the World
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The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World

• The Pyramids at Giza (c. 2560 BCE)
• The Hanging Gardens of Babylon (c. 600 BCE)
• The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus (c. 550 BCE)
• The Statue of Zeus at Olympia (c. 450 BCE)
• The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus (c. 350 BCE)
• The Colossus of Rhodes (c. 282 BCE)
• The Lighthouse of Alexandria (c. 270 BCE)

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Before Common Era

• The expression B.C.E. is now generally used
  instead of B.C. and A.D.
• The term B.C. stood for before Christ.
• The term A.D. stood for anno Domini.
• Since these terms make references to a religion
  with which others might be unfamiliar more
  generic terms were created B.C.E. and C.E.
• These stand for Before Common Era and Common
  Era.

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The Great Pyramid at Giza
The Pyramids at Giza are the only of the Seven
Wonders of the Ancient World that still exist.
You can travel to Egypt to visit them!
Actually the only pyramid to be included in the
list of wonders was the Great Pyramid known as
the Pyramid of Cheops or the Pyramid of Khufu.
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Hanging Gardens of Babylon

• The Hanging Gardens of Babylon might have never
  existed. All of the historians who wrote about
  the gardens had never actually seen them so
  their writings were pure speculation.
• The gardens were supposedly built by
  Nebuchadnezzar II for his wife who missed the
  natural beauty of her homeland.
• The Hanging Gardens employed a water pump system
  to water the terraced gardens off the Euphrates
  River.

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Temple of Artemis at Ephesus

• Artemis was the Greek goddess of the wilderness
  the hunt and fertility.
• The temple erected at Ephesus was what we would
  now consider a museum housing fine sculptures
  and artwork.
• The Temple of Artemis was burnt down on July 21
  356 BCE the same day Alexander the Great was
  born.
• Ruins of the temple can still be seen in Ephesus.

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The Statue of Zeus at Olympia

• Wanting to honor their god Zeus the Greeks
  devised the Olympic Games to bring the area
  together in celebration.
• The Greeks also wanted to build a monument in
  honor of Zeus at Olympia where the Olympics were
  held but they believed that a temple was not
  enough.
• The sculptor Pheidias was selected to create a
  statue to the chief Greek god.
• The statue was so large that it almost touched
  the ceiling of the temple. It stood 4 stories
  high at 13 meters.
• Zeus robe and sandals were made of gold and the
  remainder of the statue was made of other kinds
  of metals ebony and ivory and inlaid with
  precious gems.

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The Mausoleum at Halnicarnassus

• Built as a tomb for King Maussollos this
  monument is where we get the word mausoleum.
• The Mausoleum stood for sixteen centuries until
  it was damaged by an earthquake and deconstructed
  by British knights during the Crusades to build a
  castle.
• The castle still stands and the polished marble
  stones with the elaborate Greek frieze patterns
  can be found amongst the other stones used to
  build the castle.

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Colossus at Rhodes

• The Colossus was erected to honor the Sun-god
  Helios. It was probably about 33m high.
• The Colossus at Rhodes was the shortest-lived of
  the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. It stood
  at the entrance of a harbor on the island of
  Rhodes for only 56 years before toppling over due
  to an earthquake.
• The statue was not rebuilt after an oracle
  advised against it.
• About a thousand years later Arabian invaders
  sold the broken portions of the statue to a
  private collector and transported the pieces out
  of Greece on the backs of 900 camels.

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The Lighthouse at Alexandria

• Standing 117m high the Lighthouse at Alexandria
  was not only an elegant monument to Alexander the
  Great but also the worlds first lighthouse.
• Utilizing flames and mirrors the lighthouse
  provided guidance to ships up to 35km away to the
  harbor off the island of Pharos.

• Toppled by earthquakes the lighthouse has
  remained hidden from nautical archeologists until
  recently when some artifacts believed to be from
  the lighthouse were discovered in the
  Mediterranean Sea.

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How Well Do You Know Your Wonders

• Take the Ancient Wonders Quiz to identify how
  well you know the Wonders of the Ancient World.
• After learning about them what trends do you
  notice Are they all geographically related
  Historically related
• Are there any wonders that you think are missing

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The Ancient Wonders

• The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World were named
  by various Greek historians. The list we see
  today is a compilation of their lists with the
  seven most-chosen.
• The list was generated around 200 BCE before many
  of the monuments we consider wonders were even
  built.
• The list is very ethno-centricthat is since it
  was generated by Greek historians much of the
  focus is on Greek culture.

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Forgotten Wonders

• Some of the forgotten wonders that have been
  included on modern lists
• Taj Mahal in India
• Borobudur Temple in Indonesia
• The Colosseum in Italy
• The Great Wall of China
• The Easter Island Statues
• The Leaning Tower of Pisa
• Machu Pichu in Peru
• Stonehenge in Wales
• Many more!!

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Natural Wonders

• Some people have generated lists of Natural
  Wonders of the World which include
• Mount Fuji in Japan
• Niagara Falls in US and Canada
• Krakatoa Island
• Mount Everest in Nepal
• Angel Falls
• Many other Natural Wonders exist throughout the
  world.

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What Would You Change

• Can you think of things from more modern times
  that would belong on a list like the Seven
  Wonders of the Ancient World
• If you had to generate your own list how would
  you choose seven items
• What criteria do you think something has to meet
  to be considered a wonder

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The Requirements to Wonder

• What kinds of things did you come up with that
  make something a Wonder of the World
• Do they have to do with the wonders appearance
  Its significance Does the wonder have to be
  manmade
• Create two lists the criteria that the Greeks
  used to decide the Wonders of the World and the
  criteria that you used to decide your Wonders of
  the World. Are they similar

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Comparing and Contrasting

• Using your lists of criteria and your new list of
  wonders compare and contrast the two lists of
  wondersancient and yours.
• How are they similar How are they different
  Why do you think this is
• Now write an essay comparing and contrasting the
  Seven Wonders of the Ancient World and your
  Wonders of the World.