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Hot

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Drink plenty of water per day. 2 quarts minimum on mild days ... Identify personnel with a history of cold weather injuries, and watch them carefully ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Hot


1
Hot Cold Weather Injuries Emergencies
  • Developed as part of the National Emergency
    Services Curriculum Project

2
Progression of Heat Injuries
  • Heat Cramps
  • Heat Exhaustion
  • Heat Stroke

3
Heat Cramps
  • Symptoms
  • Severe muscle cramps
  • General Weakness
  • Dizziness and fainting
  • Treatment
  • Move to a cool shady place
  • Electrolyte drinks
  • Massage the cramped area
  • Apply moist towels to the cramped muscle and the
    patients forehead
  • Transport the person to a medical care facility
    if symptoms worsen

4
Heat Exhaustion
  • Symptoms
  • Rapid and shallow breathing
  • Weak pulse
  • Cold and clammy skin
  • Heavy perspiration
  • Weakness and dizziness
  • Treatment
  • Move to a cool shady place
  • Remove enough clothing to cool the patient
  • Fan the patients skin to promote sweat
    evaporation
  • If conscious provide electrolyte drinks
  • Treat for shock and transport to a medical care
    facility

5
Heat Stroke
  • Symptoms
  • Deep breathing becoming progressively more
    shallow
  • Rapid strong pulse becoming weaker
  • Dry and hot skin
  • Unconsciousness, seizures, and muscular twitching
  • Dilated pupils
  • Treatment
  • Remove the person from any heat sources and
    remove clothing
  • Immerse the patient in cool water, or use cold
    wet towels or ice packs on the patients armpits,
    groin, under the neck, and behind the knees
  • Treat for shock and transport the patient to a
    medical care facility

6
Heat Stress Prevention
  • Drink plenty of water per day
  • 2 quarts minimum on mild days
  • 6 to 8 quarts on hot days or 1 quart an hour
  • Frequent sipping is better than guzzling
  • Monitor the color of your urine
  • Wear loose fitting and open clothing
  • Do not overexert yourself
  • Use the buddy system
  • Dont be afraid to stop, rest and drink

7
Cold Weather Injuries
  • Frostbite
  • Early stage
  • Later stage
  • Hypothermia
  • Early stage
  • Later stage

8
Early Stage Frostbite
  • Symptoms
  • Skin turns from red to white and waxy
  • Numbness in the affected area
  • Treatment
  • Warm the affected area using body heat
  • DO NOT massage a frostbitten body part

9
Later Stage Frostbite
  • Symptoms
  • Skin turns mottled o blotchy, then yellow, and
    finally greyish-blue
  • Treatment
  • Transport the patient to a medical care facility
    immediately
  • DO NOT massage a frostbitten body part

10
Early Stage Hypothermia
  • Symptoms
  • Uncontrollable shivering
  • Numbness
  • Treatment
  • Keep the patient warm and dry
  • Remove wet clothing
  • Warm the central body before the extremities to
    keep blood from flowing away from the major organs

11
Later Stage Hypothermia
  • Symptoms
  • Drowsiness
  • Inability to perform simple actions
  • Slow pulse and breathing rate
  • Failing eyesight and a glassy stare
  • Unconsciousness
  • Treatment
  • All treatment steps for early hypothermia
  • Handle the patient gently and place in a
    head-down position
  • Transport the patient to medical care immediately

12
Cold Injury Prevention
  • Cover all extremities by using gloves, wool
    socks, knits hats, etc.
  • Dress in layers
  • Choose clothing that will trap air pockets yet
    allow moisture to pass through
  • Avoid getting wet
  • Change clothing when it is wet or dirty
  • Identify personnel with a history of cold weather
    injuries, and watch them carefully
  • Use the buddy system

13
Hot Cold Weather Injuries Tasks
  • O-0003 Prevent and Treat Hot Weather Injuries
  • O-0004 Prevent and Treat Cold Weather Injuries

14
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