Hydrogels / Applications in Opthamology - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Hydrogels / Applications in Opthamology

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Hydrogels / Applications in Opthamology Polyelectrolyte Hydrogels Hylauronic Acid Polyelectrolyte Multilayers Alginate gels Enzyme Immobilization Cell Encapsulation ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Hydrogels / Applications in Opthamology


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Hydrogels /Applications in Opthamology
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Polyelectrolyte Hydrogels
Hydrophilic polymer chains containing positive or
negatively charged functional groups that
interact electrostatic interactions to form a
cross-linked network that attracts water
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Hylauronic Acid
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Polyelectrolyte Multilayers
Layer by layer deposition
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Alginate gels
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Enzyme Immobilization
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Cell Encapsulation
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Alginate gels
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Alginate gels
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Applications
  • artificial tendon and cartilage
  • wound healing dressings (Vigilon, Hydron,
  • Gelperm)
  • non-antigenic, flexible wound cover
  • permeable to water and metabolites
  • low-strength
  • artificial kidney membranes
  • artificial skin
  • maxillofacial and sexual organ reconstruction
    materials
  • vocal cord replacement

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Corning Ultra Low Attachment ProductsUnique hydrogel surface inhibits cell attachment
                                                      
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Hydrogels Applications
  • Earliest biomedical application contact lenses
  • good mechanical stability
  • favorable refractive index
  • high oxygen permeability
  • needs hygienic maintenance
  • unable to correct for astigmatism

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Acrylates
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Methacrylates
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Poly(methyl methacrylate)
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Poly(2-hydroxyethylmethacrylatepHEMA
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Hydrogels PHEMA
  • The most widely used hydrogel
  • water content similar to living tissues
  • inert to biological processes
  • shows resistance to degradation
  • permeable to metabolites
  • not absorbed by the body
  • withstands sterilization by heat
  • prepared in various shaped and forms

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Contact lens
  • PMMA
  • HEMA
  • Fabrication methods
  • Computer assisted cutting (lathe)-PMMA rods
  • Spin casting-polymerization
  • Molding-polymerization

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Intraocular lens
  • PMMA
  • HEMA
  • Polymer backbone - mixture of PMMA and PHEMA
  • Varying water contents
  • Additives such as UV blockers

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Foldable IOL complications/explantations -
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Reasons for Revision Surgery
  • Incorrect lens power seen most commonly
  • Glare/optical aberrations
  • Dislocation/decentration
  • Late postoperative opacification

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IOL Optic Opacification
  • Surface opacification
  • Opacification within the substance of the optic
  • Analysis of opacifications reveals presence of
    calcium
  • Calcium staining
  • Scanning electron microscopic analysis

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Accommodative IOL 1CU (HumanOptics)
Total diameter 9.7 mm
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