Iraq

1
Iraq

• Malaria Control Plan

2
Objectives

• Prevention of mortality, reduction of morbidity
  to a degree at which it is not regarded as a
  health problem .
• Prevention of recurrence of malaria in the
  malaria cleared area
• Prevention of the malaria epidemic
• Prevention of the entrance of the falciparum
  malaria to the country

3
Approaches

• 1- Early diagnosis and prompt treatment
• Activities
• Active case detection
• Passive case detection
• Rapid treatment of all discovered cases
• Re-examination of all previously discovered ve
  cases
• Assessment of drug efficacy
• Timing
• All over the year

4
Early Diagnosis and Prompt Treatment

• Out put
• Discovery of all ve cases
• Treatment of all ve cases
• Raising awareness and experience of health
  workers
• Getting an idea about the level of transmission
• Getting an idea about the laboratory accuracy
• Assessment of drug efficacy
• Raising awareness of the local community about
  the disease

5
Early Diagnosis and Prompt Treatment

• Constraints
• Active surveillance need supports
• Shortages in laboratory supplies

6
2- Vector Control

• Activities
• Entomological surveillance
• Control of adult mosquitoes
• Control of larvae

7
Entomological Surveillance

• 10 stations in each governorate
• 0ne entomological team
• 10- 20 visits / month
• Observation , collection and measurement of
  vector density
• Timing all over the year

8
Control of Adult Mosquitoes

• Indoor residual insecticides spraying campaigns
• Timing twice/ year (first round at April and
  the second at September)
• Fogging
• Timing April- October each year

9
Control of Larvae

• Biological method
• Chemical method
• Mechanical method
• Engineering method

10
Vector Control

• 0ut put
• Reduction of vector density
• Monitoring of behavioral changes
• Raising awareness of the health staff
• Raising awareness' of the local community

11
Map of Iraq Distribution of An. sacharovi
Turkey
Dohuk
Dohuk
Erbil
Mosul
Erbil
Syria
Ninewa
Suleimaniyah
Suleimaniyah
Kirkuk
Kirkuk
Iran
Tikrit
Salahaddin
Diyala
Ba'quba
Baghdad
Ramadi
Jordan
Baghdad
Anbar
Wasit
Babylon
Karbala
Kut
Karbala
Hilla
Misan
Najaf
Diwaniyah
Qadisiyah
Ammara
Thiqar
Samawa
Najaf
Nasriya
Saudi Arabia
Basrah
Muthanna
Basrah
Kuwait
12
Map of Iraq Distribution of An. superpictus
Turkey
Dohuk
Dohuk
Erbil
Mosul
Erbil
Syria
Ninewa
Suleimaniyah
Suleimaniyah
Kirkuk
Kirkuk
Iran
Tikrit
Salahaddin
Diyala
Ba'quba
Baghdad
Ramadi
Jordan
Baghdad
Anbar
Wasit
Babylon
Karbala
Kut
Karbala
Hilla
Misan
Najaf
Diwaniyah
Qadisiyah
Ammara
Thiqar
Samawa
Najaf
Nasriya
Saudi Arabia
Basrah
Muthanna
Basrah
Kuwait
13
Map of Iraq Distribution of An. maculipennis
Turkey
Dohuk
Dohuk
Erbil
Mosul
Erbil
Syria
Ninewa
Suleimaniyah
Suleimaniyah
Kirkuk
Kirkuk
Iran
Tikrit
Salahaddin
Diyala
Ba'quba
Baghdad
Ramadi
Jordan
Baghdad
Anbar
Wasit
Babylon
Karbala
Kut
Karbala
Hilla
Misan
Najaf
Diwaniyah
Qadisiyah
Ammara
Thiqar
Samawa
Najaf
Nasriya
Saudi Arabia
Basrah
Muthanna
Basrah
Kuwait
14
Map of Iraq Distribution of An. stephensi
Turkey
Dohuk
Dohuk
Erbil
Mosul
Erbil
Syria
Ninewa
Suleimaniyah
Suleimaniyah
Kirkuk
Kirkuk
Iran
Tikrit
Salahaddin
Diyala
Ba'quba
Baghdad
Ramadi
Jordan
Baghdad
Anbar
Wasit
Babylon
Karbala
Kut
Karbala
Hilla
Misan
Najaf
Diwaniyah
Qadisiyah
Ammara
Thiqar
Samawa
Najaf
Nasriya
Saudi Arabia
Basrah
Muthanna
Basrah
Kuwait
15
Map of Iraq Distribution of An. pulcherrimus
Turkey
Dohuk
Dohuk
Erbil
Mosul
Erbil
Syria
Ninewa
Suleimaniyah
Suleimaniyah
Kirkuk
Kirkuk
Iran
Tikrit
Salahaddin
Diyala
Ba'quba
Baghdad
Ramadi
Jordan
Baghdad
Anbar
Wasit
Babylon
Karbala
Kut
Karbala
Hilla
Misan
Najaf
Diwaniyah
Qadisiyah
Ammara
Thiqar
Samawa
Najaf
Nasriya
Saudi Arabia
Basrah
Muthanna
Basrah
Kuwait
16
Geographical Reconnaissance

• Villages that classified as a foci of local and
  continuous transmission
• Ultimate goal is 100 coverage
• Timing Prior to the initiation of each spraying
  campaigns

17
Personal Protection

• New approach
• Encourage the use of ITN

18
Coordination with Responsible Sectors