Trigeneration System: Interim Design Review

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Tri-generation System Interim Design Review

• Maggie Alvarado
• Diego Azevedo
• Raphael Santos Cavalcanti
• Natalie Levings
• Richard Robards
• Bruno Vieira

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Overview

• Last year students from FAMU/FSU College of
  Engineering and the Federal University of Paraná
  collaborated to design a tri-generation system
  that would produce refrigeration, electricity,
  and hot water utilizing wasted energy.

Tri-Generation system built last year.
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Overview

• Modify existing prototype
• Address the prototypes current deficiencies.
• In a collaborative effort our team is
  coordinating prototype modifications and
  improvements with our Brazilian teammates.

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Overview

• Modifications
• Automate heat supply to absorption refrigerator
• Manage heat to water supply and add a distiller
• Modify engine for CNG (compressed natural gas)
• Use cooling effects of expanding gas

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Collaboration With Brazil

• Communication with our Brazilian teammates is
  organized into weekly video conferences, internet
  chat, group e-mail, and file sharing yielding
  the following
• Every major task was organized into a Work
  Breakdown Structure
• FSU and UFPR are subcontracting tasks to
  team members

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Work Breakdown Structures
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Work Breakdown Structures
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Work Breakdown Structures
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Work Breakdown Structures
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Heat Regulation

• Thermostat
• Actuator
• 3 way valve
• Bypass Pipe

Bypass Pipe
Exhaust Piping in Current System with Bypass Valve
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Devices
3 way valve
actuator
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Water Management Update
Current Solution Heating Unit Bypass with
Distiller Addition
Solution Picked Previously Automatic Bypass
System with Distiller Addition

• Previous solution overlooked safety and control
  issues.
• Current solution allows control with three-way
  valve controlling flow of exhaust heat to the
  distiller and water heating unit subsystems.

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Water Management Update

• Distiller
• Will remove most impurities such as salt, lead,
  arsenic, etc
• Does not remove pesticides, chlorine and some
  volatile organic compounds
• Carbon Filter
• Removes synthetic chemicals by acting as a
  catalyst and by absorbing contaminants.

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Engine Conversion

• It has been decided that propanes pressure isnt
  high enough to provide the desired cooling effect
  for expansion
• Compressed natural gas has been chosen instead,
  as it can be stored at pressures over 3000 psi

Kawasaki FD501D
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Engine Conversion

• There are 3 main conversion methods Spud-in,
  adapter, and carburetor replacement.
• The adapter method should be chosen for dual-fuel
  operation or for the option of converting the
  engine quickly back to gasoline in the future.
  Adapters are just that. They adapt to whatever
  carburetor an engine has.

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How it Works

• The carburetor adapter is installed between the
  gasoline carburetor and the air cleaner
• The adapter has a hose connecting it to the
  demand type regulator
• A venturi at the center of the adapter, producing
  a vacuum, thus drawing fuel into the airstream
• Amount of fuel delivered depends on how much air
  is flowing, which depends on how far the throttle
  is open

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Collaboration with Brazil

• Because of the relatively small pressure
  tolerances of the kits, we are going to be
  working closely with our Brazilian teammates as
  they will be working with the expansion of the
  fuel, using the temperature drop to cool the
  refrigerator.

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Collaboration with Brazil
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Brazils Tri-Gen Prototype
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Honorable Mention

• Honorary volunteer member Rich Robards is
  dedicating his time from an already busy
  schedule.
• To date Rich has provided valuable suggestions
  and is tasked with attaching the engines
  alternator to the battery so it will charge while
  the system is running.

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Project Schedule
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Conclusion

• After exploring possible solutions for the
  Tri-Generation System, the group has reached the
  purchasing stage for
• The bypass piping, valve, and actuator
• The bypass piping for the water-heating unit and
  the distiller
• CNG alternative fuel kit
• We are working with Team Brazil on the CNG
  expansion calculations to cool the refrigerator

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References

• 1. Dieter, George E. Engineering Design 3rd
  Edition. New York, NY McGraw Hill Higher
  Education, 2000.
• 2. Çengel, Yunus A. and Robert H. Turner.
  Fundamentals of Thermal-Fluid Sciences 2nd
  Edition. New York, NY McGraw Hill Higher
  Education, 2005.
• 3. Tracy, Thomas Jr., et al. Development of a
  Tri-Generation System Final Design Package,
  Spring 2006. CAPS 1 Integrated Heat Recovery
  System.
• 4. Janna, William S. Design of Thermal Fluid
  Systems 2nd Edition. Boston, MA PWS Publishing
  Company, 1998.