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Ethics In Social Science Research

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Zimbardo's Prison Experiments. Humphries and the Tearoom Trade. Discussion. Break into groups of 3-5. Discuss: Is Covert Research Ethical? ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Ethics In Social Science Research


1
Ethics In Social Science Research
  • Why Be Ethical
  • The Treatment of Human Subjects
  • Ethical Conundrums

2
Three Broad Ethical Principles
  • 1. Ethical Relativism
  • 2. Ethical Commitment to a Social System
  • 3. Utilitarianism

3
Why Be Ethical?
  • Generally, most people are.
  • Do unto others as you would have them do unto
    you.
  • Sets the standard for social behavior.
  • How can a science be critical, if it is not
    critical of its own practices?

4
Five General Principles of Values
  • 1) The sanctity and worth of each human being
    should be respected.
  • 2) People have a right to privacy.
  • 3) People have a right to self-determination
  • 4) Fairness and equity in social relations should
    be maintained.
  • 5) One should not do anything to intentionally
    harm another person.

5
Five Groups of People Involved in the Research
Process
  • 1. Research Subject
  • 2. Researchers
  • 3. Sponsors (those who fund research)
  • 4. Media
  • 5. The General Public

6
Three Broad Areas of Ethical Concern
  • 1. Norms of research require one to be
    unremittingly honest.
  • 2. The Uses of Scientific Knowledge
  • 3. The Treatment of Human Subjects

7
The Treatment of Human Subjects
  • Harm
  • Deception
  • Privacy Invasion
  • Informed Consent

8
Harm
  • Types of Harm Physical, Psychological Abuse,
    Legal Jeopardy
  • Principles for Reducing Harm Informing
    Subjects of foreseeable risks, Screen subjects,
    assess subjects as study continues

9
Informed Consent
  • Obtaining Informed Consent
  • The role of IRB
  • Informed consent should include
  • 1. A brief description of the purpose and
    procedure of the research, including the expected
    duration of the study.
  • 2. A statement of any risks or discomfort
    associated with participation.
  • 3. A guarantee of anonymity and the
    confidentiality of records.
  • 4. The identification of the researcher and of
    where to receive information about subjects
    rights or questions about the study.
  • 5. A statement that participation is completely
    voluntary and can be terminated at any time
    without penalty.
  • 6. A statement of alternative procedures that
    may be used.
  • 7. A statement of any benefits or compensation
    provided to subjects and the number of subjects
    involved.
  • 8. A offer to provide a summary of findings.

10
Deception
  • What constitutes Deception
  • Lying by Omission
  • Is low level deception acceptable?
  • Debriefing

11
Privacy Invasion
  • What is privacy?
  • Anonymity and confidentiality

12
Classic Ethical Conundrums
  • The Milgram Experiments
  • Zimbardos Prison Experiments
  • Humphries and the Tearoom Trade

13
Discussion
  • Break into groups of 3-5
  • Discuss
  • Is Covert Research Ethical?
  • Is Deception in Research Acceptable? If so, how
    much deception is acceptable?
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