Strategies for Effective Lecturing or The Twenty Minute Lecture Lecture

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Strategies for Effective LecturingorThe Twenty
Minute Lecture Lecture

• Carlyle H. Chan, M.D.
• Professor and Vice Chair for Education and
  Informatics
• Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine
• Medical College of Wisconsin

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Proverb

• Those that can, do.
• Those that cant, teach.
• Those that cant teach, teach about teaching.
• -Anonymous

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4 Ps of Lecturing

• Performance
• Preparation
• Presentation
• Paper Clips

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Performance

• Showtime!!! Medical lecturing as theater
• Sesame Street effect
• Dr. Fox effect

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Dr. Fox Effect

• Dr. Fox I Mathematical Game Theory as Applied
  to Physician Education
• Dr. Fox II Biochemistry of Learning
• High Seduction enthusiasm, humor, friendliness,
  expressiveness
• Low Seduction monotonous, boring

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Six Separate Lectures
High content Medium content Low content (26
facts) (14 facts) (4 facts) High
seduction High seduction High seduction High
content Medium content Low content (26
facts) (14 facts) (4 facts) Low seduction Low
seduction Low seduction
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Performance Contd

• I speak, you listen
• Where the notes of the lecturer become the notes
  of the student without passing through the minds
  of either
• Lecture versus Speech

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Conditions for Speeches

• Political campaigns
• If you have a speechwriter
• Research presentations
• Disneyland

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Preparation
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Think!

• Objectives? Take home points?
• How can you organize your material to accomplish
  your objectives?
• How can you engage your audience?
• Active versus Passive listening
• Pre-test

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Know your audience

• Match level of material with level of
  sophistication of audience
• Photographic vs. Phonographic memory
• Attention span peaks at 10-15 minutes

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K.I.S.S.

• Most people recall only 2-3 points
• Dont read facts, print them out
• Simplify or focus on highly technical points

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Rule of thumb

• 8 hours preparation for 1 hour lecture

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How do you get to Carnegie Hall?

• Practice, Practice, Practice
• e.g. athletes, musicians
• Rehearsal before friends - anticipate questions
• Audio or videotape
• Get there early

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Presentation

• Elements of Style

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Voice

• Rate 150 words/min 1 slide/min
• Problems too fast too slow
• Modulation jocks vs. evangelists vs.
  infomercials
• Volume project microphone stage presence
• Direction address each person in the room, one
  thought per person

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Voice contd Verbal markers

• Tell them what youre going to tell them
  Tell them
  Tell them what you told them.
• Transition My next point..., In
  conclusion...
• Emphasis Let me highlight this point
• Pauses for emphasis, to let point sink in
• Vocal pauses distracting

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Emotions

• Anxiety stage fright, epinephrine, arousal
• Use the extra energy
• Breathing exercises
• Humor dont have to be a comic, but it helps
• Enthusiam check your energy level

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Style and Delivery

• Extemporize, dont memorize
• Use your whole body
• Keep the lights on!
• Dont read slides use as cues face front
• Orient to slides walk through graphs and figures

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Style and Delivery contd

• Be aware Slide/text Dissociation
• Repeat questions The question was
• Turns focus back to you
• Gives you a moment to collect your thoughts
• Dont apologize
• Finish on time

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Lecture Notes

• Comprehensive vs. Partial vs. Skeletal
• The Three Bears
• Timing of Distribution

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Paper Clips other parts of a Speakers Kit

• Cough drops, hard candy, water
• Cardboard
• 80 slot slide tray
• Extra bulb
• Paper Clip
• Pointer

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Laser Etiquette
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In Conclusion...

• 4 Ps Performance, Preparation, Presentation,
  Paper clips
• More Ps (Proverbs)
• Less is more
• Worth saying, bears repeating
• A picture is worth a thousand words
• Practice makes perfect
• Yields Final P Professionalism