BI 32383338 WELCOME TO THE GOSPEL OF MATTHEW

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BI 3238/3338 WELCOME TO THE GOSPEL OF MATTHEW

• GOOD MORNING
• January 12, 2006
• Read the the entire Book of Matthew during the
  month of January. There may be a question on the
  first exam regarding this.
• To make a descent grade in this class note these
  essentials on the following slides . . .

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THREE THINGS THAT WILL DEFINITELY PRODUCE LOW OR
FAILING GRADES

• PUT AWAY THESE IMMATURE HABITS WHICH CAUSE LOW
  ACHIEVEMENT
• 1. CHRONIC ABSENTEEISM TARDINESS, WASTING TIME
  AND MONEY
• 2. FREQUENT AND UNNECESSARY TRIPS OUT OF THE
  LECTURE ROOM.
• 3. SLEEPING IN CLASS OR WITH HEAD DOWN ON THE
  DESK.
• STAY ELSEWHERE IF YOU MUST SLEEP. YOU WILL BE
  COUNTED ABSENT FOR THIS OR WITH HEADS ON THE
  DESK. 2 POINT PENALTY FROM FINAL GRADE PER
  OCCASION.

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Please observe these rules in this class

• 1. ALL UNIVERSITY RULES APPLY.
• READ THE STUDENT HANDBOOK.
• 2. MEN, PLEASE REMOVE HEADWEAR IN CLASS.
• THIS IS GOOD MANNERS IN THE SOUTH ---AND IN MY
  CLASS
• .
• 3. PLEASE BE QUIET WHEN OTHERS ARE SPEAKING,
  ESPECIALLY TO EACH OTHER WHEN THE INSTRUCTOR IS
  LECTURING.
• THIS IS RUDE AND THE VERY ESSENCE OF DISRESPECT.

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• 5. HAVE A BIBLE, AND TAKE GOOD NOTES AT ALL CLASS
  MEETINGS.
• NO NOTES MEAN POOR GRADES--
• 6. MAKE NO FUTURE APPOINTMENTS FOR ANYTHING AT
  CLASS TIME EXPECTING AN EXCUSED ABSENCE. Tell
  your doctor your class hours.
• 7. A two points penalty will be subtracted from
  the final grade for every unexcused absence.
  Remember two tardy equal
• 7. IF YOU LEAVE THE CLASS EARLY WITHOUT
  RETURNING, YOU WILL BE COUNTED ABSENT.
• REMEMBER---TWO TARDIES ONE ABSENCE.

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• 9. ONE UNEXCUSED ABSENCE WILL NOT VOID AN
  OTHERWISE PERFECT ATTENDANCE NOR RECEIVE THE 2
  POINT PENALTY OFF THE FINAL GRADE.
• EACH ADDITIONAL UNEXCUSED ABSENCE WILL RECEIVE
  THE 2 POINTS PENALTY ON THE FINAL GRADE. THIS
  HURTS.
• 10. BUT THIS HELPS.
• 5 POINTS WILL BE ADDED FOR PERFECT ATTENDANCE.
• PERFECT ATTENDANCE IS NOT HAVING ANY UNEXCUSED
  ABSENCES IN EXCESS OF ONE. SAVE YOUR ONE
  UNEXCUSED ABSENCE FOR SOMETHING IMPORTANT

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• 11. THE UNIVERSITYS 25 RULE ON ABSENTEEISM, OF
  COURSE, APPLIES.
• MORE THAN 8 ABSENCES OF ANY KIND WILL CONSTITUTE
  FAILURE.
• 12. A DRINK IS O.K. and a small tidbit such as
  cheese crisps but NO SANDWICHES OR LUNCHES
  PLEASE!

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• 13. No additional work will be given at close of
  course for poor achievement. If you cant make a
  descent grade with the normal class work, extra
  work will be even more difficult. All students
  will be fairly graded and always given what they
  earn.
• 14. Your attendance is posted on my web page
  after each class meeting. It is your
  responsibility to check this attendance chart to
  view your attendance record. If you feel there
  is an error, you may contest any absence up to
  two weeks later, after that it becomes final. To
  prove a mistake has been made you must show your
  class notes in order in your notebook for the day
  in question.

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euaggelizo kata MatthaiosTHE GOSPEL OF
MATTHEWGOOD NEWS OR GLAD TIDINGS
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Getting Started

• Familiarize yourself with Matthew, the man and
  his Book
• Learn the authors purpose, major theme,
  development , provenance and date.
• In what way is it unique from other gospels?
• Are there any climaxes reached in the book?
  Where?
• Identify the three major divisions of Palestine
• Identify the Jewish Institutions, Sects and the
  publican.
• Identify the contemporary national and local
  civil rulers

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Familiarize Yourself with the three Provinces of
Palestine
Capernaum
In The Time of Jesus
65-
The Great Sea
SYRIA
-200
MATTHEWGIFT OF GOD, RESIDENCE CAPERNAUM
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MATTHEW THE MAN (gift of Jehovah)
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1. HE WAS AN APOSTLE OF JESUS Matthew,10 2-4
Now the names of the twelve apostles are these
The first, Simon, who is called Peter, and Andrew
his brother James the son of Zebedee, and John
his brother 3. Philip, and Bartholomew
Thomas, and Matthew the publican James the son
of Alphaeus, and Lebbaeus, whose surname was
Thaddaeus 4. Simon the Canaanite, and Judas
Iscariot, who also betrayed him. 2. HE WAS A
PUBLICAN A TAXCOLLECTOR FOR THE ROMAN GOVT.
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• 3. Matthew was also called LEVI
• Luke 527. And after these things he went
  forth, and saw a publican, named Levi, sitting at
  the receipt of custom
• 4. His Fathers name was Alphaeus
• Mk. 214. And as he passed by, he saw Levi the
  son of Alphaeus sitting at the receipt of custom.
• 5. He may have been the brother of James
• Luke 615. Matthew and Thomas, James the son of
  Alphaeus, and Simon called Zelotes,

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• 6. He practiced his business in Capernaum
• Mk. 21. And again he entered into Capernaum,
• 7. He was called by Jesus to be an apostle in
  this city.
• Mk. 214. And as he passed by, he saw Levi the
  son of Alphaeus sitting at the receipt of custom,
  and said unto him, Follow me. And he arose and
  followed him.

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• 8. On the evening of his call, he gave a party
  for Jesus and invited his publican friends which
  drew criticism from the Jewish intelligentsia.
  NO further personal mention is made of him.
• LK. 527. And after these things he went forth,
  and saw a publican, named Levi, sitting at the
  receipt of custom and he said unto him, Follow
  me. 28. And he left all, rose up, and followed
  him.29. And Levi made him a great feast in his
  own house and there was a great company of
  publicans and of others that sat down with
  them.30. But their scribes and Pharisees
  murmured against his disciples, saying, Why do ye
  eat and drink with publicans and sinners?

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Matthews Work Place

• The
• Telonion

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Mt. 99 And as Jesus passed forth from thence,
he saw a man, named Matthew, sitting at the
receipt of custom and he saith unto him, Follow
me. And he arose, And followed him. Toll house,
or custom house, called the telonion, was for the
collection of taxes on fish, or duties on the
merchandise which passed along the great roads to
Jerusalem, Tyre, and Damascus, and the East,
which centered at at Capernaum. Cicero speaks
of the toll houses erected "at the approaches to
bridges, at the termination of roads, or in the
harbors," for the convenience of collection. It
is yet common in Oriental towns to find, just
inside of the gateway at the entrance to the
town, a sentinel standing on guard before a large
open room, in which is seated the collector of
the public revenue in company with other public
officials.
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The toll house--telonion -- was a detested site
that bred intense hatred for the publican

• 1. Endless interference by checking
• 2. Extortion was common with no defense
• 3. It was common to exact more than due
• 4. Rabbis said their repentance was nigh
  impossible.
• 5. Publicans and sinners were grouped together.
  
• Taxes axels, wheels, pack animals, pedestrians,
  roads, entrance to markets, bridges, ships, ad
  valorem goods 5 12.5
• Taxes set by local pagan officials Proverb Woe
  to the ship that sails without having paid the
  duty
• Thus Contempt for publicans was high.

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Major Jewish Institutions / Sects Make a note of
these And Keep them in mind!

• 1. The Temple
• 2. The Synagogue
• 3. The Sanhedrin

• 1. Sadducees
• 2. Pharisees
• 3. Herodians
• 4. Zealots

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The Temple

• 1. Was built by Solomon, son of David. (2 Chron
  2)
• 2. An elaborate replacement of the tabernacle
• 3. Was destroyed by Nebuchadnezzar (2 Kgs. 25)
• 4. Rebuilt by Zerrubabel (Ezra 3)
• 5. Enlarged by Herod the Great (Jos. Ant. XV. XI)
• 6. Destroyed by the Romans (70 A.D.)
• 7.Located in Jerusalem. With its altar, it was
  the only place where sin sacrifices could be
  offered by priests.

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The Synagogue

• Arose during the days of the Babylonian captivity
  (586-516)
• After their return it was continued throughout
  the dispersion where a town had at least 10
  Jewish families in it.
• Presided over by a board of elders, or rulers.
• Used as a center for religious teaching as well
  as for town hall meetings.

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The Sanhedrin

• Jewish supreme court. The recognized headship
  for judging and deciding matters concerning the
  law and Jewish tradition.
• Consisted of 70 members plus 1 (the High priest
  who presided).
• Composed mostly of priests, Sadducean
  aristocrats, few Pharisees, scribes and elders
  (tribal or family heads).

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Sadducees

• Originated sometime between the Testaments.
  Given to mostly secular considerations, they
  favored Greek customs. They were a priestly
  clique, and though religious officials of
  Judaism, they were in fact irreligious. They were
  the wealthy, conservative class with a lot of
  influence. They composed the majority of the
  Sanhedrin. They held to only the Pentateuch, and
  rejected the doctrine of the resurrection, angels
  and spirits. (Acts 238)

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The Pharisees

• Believed to have originated in the 3rd century
  B.C. Generally less affluent than the Sadducees,
  and believed in angels, spirits and the
  resurrection from the dead. (Acts 238)
• During the Greek occupation they opposed
  hellenization of the Jews and bound the
  tradition of the elders upon Jews. Others were
  considered sinners. They developed into
  hypocritical formalists and was soundly condemned
  by Jesus. (Matt. 23)

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Herodians

• A political party believed to be formed by Herod
  the Great. Backed Herods claim to the Jewish
  throne.
• These Jews, although in difference to, aligned
  themselves with the Pharisees and Sadducees to
  keenly oppose Jesus. They are mentioned only in
  Matt. 2216, Mk. 36 and 1213.
• With the Pharisees they tried to entrap Jesus on
  the subject of whether to pay taxes to Caesar or
  not. (Mark 1214)

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Zealots

• A Jewish patriotic party also known as
  Nationalists. They were fanatical defenders of
  the Jewish theocracy, who took vengeance of those
  who wronged it, but themselves also being guilty
  of great excesses. (Ungers Dict.)
• Fanatics among themselves were known as the
  Sicarii
• Leaders in a rebellion against Rome for Jewish
  independence in 68 A.D., after the fall of
  Jerusalem in 70 A.D., they fled to the Masada
  where they under siege committed total suicide
  rather than surrender.
• Simon the apostle, was called Zelotes to
  distinguish him from Peter. (Mt. 104)

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The Civil Government When Jesus Was born the
Roman Emperor was Augustus Caesar (Luke 21)

• Emperor Augustus of Rome was born with the given
  name Gaius Octavius on September 23, 63 B.C. He
  took the name Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus
  (Octavian) in 44 B.C. after the murder of his
  great uncle, Julius Caesar. (Caesarian) In his
  will Caesar had adopted Octavian and made him his
  heir. The senate conferred upon him the title of
  Augustus in 27 B.C. 1st Roman Emperor.
  Instituted emperor worship.

• Octavian Augustus

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During Jesus Ministry and Death,Tiberius Caesar
was the Roman Emperor Luke 31)

• TIBERIUS Born BC42/11/16 Tiberius Claudius Nero.
  Father Tiberius Claudius Nero, fought against
  Augustus in civil war in BC40 Mother Livia
  Drusilla (later Julia Augusta). 2nd Roman
  Emperor AD14/08/19 Tiberius Caesar Augustus.
  Died AD37/03/16 smothered by Macro in his bed
  at or near Micenum.

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Herod the Great 37 4 B.C. (Matt. 21)

• 1.  Herod the Great, tetrarch of Judea, B. C. 41
  King of Judea, B. C. 37-4 liberal, yet
  tyrannical and cruel.  Issued murderous edict
  against children of Bethlehem (Matthew 216). 
  He was the pro-Roman king of the small Jewish
  state in the last decades before the Christian
  era. He started his career as a general, but the
  Roman statesman Mark Antony recognized him as the
  Jewish national leader. During a war against the
  Parthians, Herod was removed from the scene, but
  the Roman Senate made him king and gave him
  soldiers to seize the the throne. As 'friend and
  ally of the Romans' he was not a truly
  independent king however, Rome allowed him a
  domestic policy of his own. Although Herod tried
  to respect the pious feeling of his subjects,
  many of them were not content with his rule,
  which ended in terror. He was succeeded by his
  sons. Murdered the Bethlehem babies

30
Herod Archelaus 4 B.C.6A.D. (ELDEST OF 3
SONS)(Mt. 222)
SON OF HEROD THE GREAT BY A SAMARITIAN WOMAN,
MALTHAKE,, AND, WITH HIS BROTHER ANTIPAS, BROUGHT
UP AT ROME. AT THE DEATH OF HEROD (B.C.4) THE
KINGDOM WAS DIVIDED BETWEEN HIS THREE SONS,
HEROD, ANTIPAS, ARCHELAUS AND PHILIP, ARCHELAUS
NEVER PROPERLY BORE THE TITLE KING, MATT. 222,
BUT ONLY THAT OF ETHNARCH. A COMPLAINT WAS ISSUED
AGAINST HIM IN THE 10TH YEAR OF HIS REIGN BY HIS
BROTHERS AND SUBJECTS ON THE GROUNDS OF TYRANNY.
HE WAS BANISHED TO GAUL WHERE HE DIED. AFTER HIS
BANISHMENT, AUGUSTUS MADE HIS TERRITORY A ROMAN
PROVINCE CALLED JUDEA RULED BY GOVERNORS, THE
MOST FAMOUS WAS PONTIUS PILATE 26-36 A.D.
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Herod Antipas (Matt. 141)

• Herod Antipas Jewish leader, ruler of Galilee
  and Peraea between 4 BC and 39 A.D. Herod Antipas
  -a nickname derived from Antipatros- was the son
  of  the Jewish king Herod the Great and his wife
  Malthace he was full brother of Archelaus and a
  half brother of Philip. With his brothers
  Archelaus and Philip, he was educated in Rome, a
  kind of honorable detention to guarantee his
  father's loyalty. In his father's testament,
  Herod Antipas was appointed tetrarch of Galilee
  and Peraea (the east bank of the Jordan). The
  Roman emperor Augustus confirmed this decision
  and Antipas' reign could begin (4 BC). Stole
  Philips (his brother) wife and murdered John the
  Baptist. LK. 1332 Jesus called him a FOX! King
  during the crucifixion of Jesus. Eventually
  banished by Caligula (Caesar) to Gaul, then Spain
  where he died.

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• THE BOOK OF MATTHEW

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• Matthew Was not the Original Title
• Works were originally identified by first lines.
• Euaggelion was soon added by
• Papias, 130, Bishop of Heiropolis
• Clement of Rome 140
• Later, Kata Mattaion According to Matthew
  appeared
• Vaticanus, 1209, Irenaeus, 185 used it
• Tatian, included it in his Diatessaron
• Didache 110
• agion was attached agion evangelion kata
  Maqqaion
• Today, most simply have Matthew

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DISTINCTIVE FEATURES

• Most Jewish of the gospels, but not exclusive
• Most anti-pharisaic
• 32 references To kingdom of heaven to only 4
  references To the kingdom of God
• Only gospel to use the word church 1618
  1817
• He exclusively relates scenes of the judgment
• He exclusively relates the Sermon on the Mount

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THREE MAJOR DIVISIONS MAY BE OBSERVED

• 1. PRE-MINISTRY YEARS 1-416
• 2. JESUS PUBLIC MINISTRY 417-2766
• PART I. THE DISCOVERY PHASE --417-1620
• WHO IS JESUS OF NAZARETH
• PART II. THE PASSION PHASE-- 1621-2766
• THE MESSIAH MUST SUFFER AND DIE.
• 3. JESUS GLORIFICATION 281-20

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PART I OF THE DISCOVERY DIVISION HAS FOUR
SECTIONS, EACH BEGINNING WITH A TRANSITIONAL
STATEMENT

• 1 417-727 FROM THAT TIME
• A period of early instruction culminating in the
  Sermon on the Mount
• 2. 728-1042 IT CAME TO PASS
• Further inst. to His disciples, culminating in
  the Limited Commission
• 3. 111-1352 IT CAME TO PASS
• Climax of unbelief. Intro. Of new teaching method
• 4. 1353-1620 IT CAME TO PASS Peters
  confession, and end of part I

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THE 2ND DIVISIOM HAS THREE SECTIONS, EACH
BEGINNING WITH A TRANSITIONAL STATEMENT

• 1. 1621-1835 From that time.
• Marks the beginning of the passion period
• 2. 191-2546 He had finished these sayings.
• Highpoints Israels obstinacy. The judgment of
  Jerusalem and the world.
• 3. 261-28 It Came to pass. The last Passover,
  crucifixion and resurrection
• SEVEN sections make up the two divisions

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Mathew Has Several Groups of Sevens

• 1. 7 petitions in the Lords Prayer.
• 1. Thy kingdom come 2) Thy will be done 3)
  Give us this day our daily bread 4) Forgive us
  our debts 5) As we forgive our debtors 6) Lead
  us not into temptation 7) Deliver us from evil
• 2. 7 parables in ch. 13
• 3. 7 woes in ch. 23
• 4. 3 sets of 14 generations in the genealogy
• 117. So all the generations from Abraham to
  David are fourteen generations and from David
  until the carrying away into Babylon are fourteen
  generations and from the carrying away into
  Babylon unto Christ are fourteen generations.

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TWO DISTINCT THEMES AND CLIMAXES MAY BE OBSERVED

• The themes of 1) belief and 2) unbelief running
  currentlysome believed Jesus, some didnt him
• 1. A Climax of unbelief in Jesus is reached at
  1224
• 2. A Climax of belief Is reached at 1618

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5 DISTINCTIVE FEATURES MAY BE OBSERVED

• 1. Most Jewish of the gospels, but not
  exclusively so.
• Most anti-pharisaic
• 2. 32 ref. To kingdom of heaven to only 4 ref. To
  the kingdom of God
• 3. He exclusively uses the word church
• 4. He exclusively relates scenes of the judgment
• 5. He exclusively relates the Sermon on the Mount

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MATTHEW EMPHASIZES

• JESUS IS THE LONG LOOKED FOR MESSIAH
• Genealogy ends at Abraham
• This formula that it might be fulfilled. 15
  X
• Son of David 11x Mk.3x Jn. 0.
• God as Father 45x MK. 4x Lk. 15x
• Son of man 3x Mk. 14x Lk. 25 Jno. 13
• JESUS AS TEACHER 10x to teach 10x
• Refers to the SOTM as teaching (52 728,29)
• Refers to Himself as Master 238
• He taught with authority 729

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ALSO EMPHASIZES

• ESCHATOLOGY OR FINAL THINGS
• 1. The 10 virgins, the talents, the sheep and
  goats, the tares, the dragnet.
• 2. Weeping and gnashing of teeth
• (4x to Lukes 1.---Mark has 0)
• 3. PARABLES
• MATTHEW 13FF
• 4. LENGTHY DISCUSION IN CH. 24.

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• Look for this progressive development
• Jesus authority supercedes the law of Moses which
  is proved by miracles of mercy of universal
  power. This mercy is extended to all in every
  nation who trust the word of Jesus as the son of
  God. The ruling Jews do not deny his miracles of
  mercy, but fearing his threat to Judaism
  stubbornly attribute them to the power of Satan.
  This sin Jesus says will never be forgiven.
  However, many ordinary people who behold the same
  miracles are lead to confess him as the Messiah,
  the Son of God.

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TEXTUAL STUDY OF MATTHEW
45
Launches his Basic Theme Jesus is the Jewish
Messiah With a Detailed Genealogy

• Any Messianic claim would be totally useless
  without proper Jewish genealogy.
• 1) HE DEMONSTRATES THAT JESUS IS QUALIFIED BY
  LEGAL DESCENT AND BY PROMISE STIPULATIONS (A
  must to convince a Jew)
• Title The Book of the Genealogy of
• Jesus Christ the anointed of God (Ps. 456-7)
• The Son of David the royal heir (Ps. 1321)
• The Son of Abraham the promised seed (Gen.
  121ff)

46
MEMORIZATION WAS ESSENTIAL FOR INSTRUCTION IN
THOSE DAYS

• MATTHEW USES TWO IMPORTANT METHODS
• MNEMONIC EXERCISE
• 14 NAMES, SEPARATED BY IMPORTANT HISTORICAL
  EVENTS.
• PATTERN OF GEMATRIA
• USE OF NUMERICAL VALUES DWD 464

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Chapter one THE TITLE AND GENEALOGY

• Verse 1. The book of the generation of Jesus
  Christ, the son of David, the son of Abraham.
• The Title to this section, --not to the book
• as it appeared in Jewish records.
• The tax collectors method of introducing Jesus
  of Nazareth, the Savior of His life.
• Kata Matthion--According to Matthew was the
  title of reference by early church historians.

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48
The Genealogy Serves Notice that Old Barriers Are
Down

• 1) The Barrier between Jew and Gentile is down
  Rahab of Jericho, Ruth the Moabite
• 2) The barrier between male female is down.
• 3. The barrier between Saint and Sinner is down.
  Rahab, Tamar Bathsheba (Mt. 913)
• Here then, in the genealogy of Jesus, is a
  glimmer of the extent of Gods love

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49
Matthew Intentionally Conveys the Virgin Birth

• 15. And Eliud begat Eleazar and Eleazar begat
  Matthan and Matthan begat Jacob
• 16. And Jacob begat Joseph the husband of Mary,
  of whom was born Jesus, who is called Christ.

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50
THE BIRTH

• 18. Now the birth of Jesus Christ was on this
  wise When as his mother Mary was espoused to
  Joseph,
• before they came together, she was found with
  child of the Holy Ghost. (Writes book to present
  this as fact)
• Conceived in her is of 120
• The spoken word was the sown seed Lk. 81
• Conception was by faith in the word Lk. 145
  Blessed is she who believed that there would be
  a fulfillment of what was spoken to her from
  the Lord.
• By faith she miraculously conceived by the word
  (Heb. 1111)

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51
THE ROLL OF JOSEPH

• Joseph, her husband
• Being just, sought to spare her public
  humiliation
• Righteous man in league with Abraham, Elizabeth
  and Zacharias
• Joseph thou son of David the royal line
• Be not afraidthis is Gods work.
• She shall bear a son Not unto thee a son as
  in Lk. 113 and Gen. 1719
• Thou shall call his name Jesus (yours, but not
  yours)
• You shall be an foster father. God gives him his
  name, means God is His real Father.

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52
JESUS NAME UNDERSCORES HIS MISSION

• for he shall save
• sosei from soter to save from the worst of
  mortal dangers
• His people Who are they?
• Not the unbelieving Jews 111 but those
  described in Mt. 12 48-49 But he answered and
  said unto him that told him, Who is my mother?
  and who are my brethren?And he stretched forth
  his hand toward his disciples, and said, Behold
  my mother and my brethren Gal. 37 they which
  are of faith, the same are the children of
  Abraham.

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53
Matthew Quotes Isaiah 714 as Typical to Jesus
Birth

• Behold, a virgin (almah is rendered parthenos in
  The Septuagint) shall conceive, and bear a son,
  and shall call his name Immanuel.
• Betrothal period as binding as marriage, so Mary
  is called the wife of Joseph.
• If found with child during this period the
  husband (betrothed had a choicepunishing her
  publicly, or divorcing her privately.
• IMMANUEL GOD WITH US..(Mt. 2819-20)