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Defense and Foreign Policy

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Cuban Missile crisis. Are we safer since 1991? Other 'hot spots' include: Iraq/Iran ... 1962: Cuban Missile Crisis. 1970's D tente with the Soviet Union & China ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Defense and Foreign Policy


1
Defense and Foreign Policy
2
The U.S. vs. the Soviet Union
  • Conventional conflicts include
  • the Korean Conflict
  • Vietnam
  • Afghanistan
  • Nuclear Arms Race 
  • Cuban Missile crisis

3
Are we safer since 1991?
  • Other "hot spots" include
  • Iraq/Iran
  • North Korea
  • Balkans (e.g., Bosnia, Serbia, ethnic
    cleansing)
  • Our Challenge

4
Historical Overview of Foreign Policy
  • Isolationism
  • Monroe Doctrine 1823
  • Manifest Destiny
  • Louisiana Purchase
  • Purchasing Alaska from Russia
  • Portions of the Southwestern U.S. acquired from
    Mexico

5
Historical Overview of Foreign Policy
  • 1914-1940 America emerges as a world leader
  • 1945 United Nations Created
  • 1949 North Atlantic Treaty Organization
  • NATO vs the Warsaw Pact
  • Beginning of the Cold War

6
Historical Overview of Foreign Policy
  • Truman Doctrine
  • U.S. national security requires the U.S. to
    protect free countries
  • Policy of Containment (Domino Theory)
  • Provide aid to countries vulnerable to communism
  • Korea and Vietnam as examples

7
Historical Overview of Foreign Policy
  • 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis
  • 1970s Détente with the Soviet Union China
  • 1979 Soviets invade Afghanistan
  • 1979 Iranian fundamentalists take over the U.S.
    embassy in Tehran
  • 1980s Ronald Reagans Foreign Policy
  • Peace Through Strength
  • Assisting freedom fighters in El Salvador,
    Nicaragua, Afghanistan

8
Historical Overview of Foreign Policy
  • 1989 Soviets lose influence in Eastern Europe
  • Fall of the Berlin Wall, Reunification of East
    and West Germany
  • 1989 Democratization movement in China
  • 1991 Fall of the Soviet Union
  • 1991 The Brief War with Iraq

9
The Making of Foreign and Defense Policy
  • President's role
  • State Department
  • Defense Department
  • CIA, NSA, NSC
  • Congress' role
  • Ratify Treaties
  • Appointment and Budgetary Powers
  • Power to Declare War
  • Congressional Oversight 

10
The Making of Foreign and Defense Policy
  • Diplomatic Tools
  • Formal Recognition 
  • Break off diplomatic relations
  • Foreign aid - including humanitarian aid
  • Treaties/Executive Agreements
  • Covert Actions
  • Trade (e.g., Most Favored Nation Status)
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