Title: Step up to Healthy Nutrition and Physical Activity Strategies for Alaskan Adults and Children to Mai
1Step up to Healthy Nutrition and Physical
ActivityStrategies for Alaskan Adults and
Children to Maintain a Healthy Weight
2Objectives
- Define overweight and obesity
- Define the problem
- Strategies to stop the epidemic
- What you can do to help
3Overweight Obesity
- Overweight refers to increased body weight in
relation to height. - Obesity is a chronic disease defined as an
excessively high amount of body fat or adipose
tissue in relation to lean body mass. - Weight status is most often measured with the
Body Mass Index (BMI). - A BMI value between 25 and 30 is considered
Overweight, and a BMI over 30 is considered Obese.
4Determining Weight Status
- Adults (Ages 20) Body Mass Index (BMI)
- Wt (kg) / ht2 (m)
- OR
- Weight (lbs) / ht2 (in) 703
- Youth (Ages 2-20) BMI-for-age percentiles
- Calculate BMI
- Plot on Growth Charts
5Weight Status Classification
- Adults (BMI Values)
- Underweight
- lt18.5
- Normal Weight
- 18.5-24.9
- Overweight
- 25.0-29.9
- Obese
- gt 30
- Youth (BMI-for-age percentiles)
- Underweight
- lt 5th percentile
- Normal Weight
- 5th-85th percentile
- At-risk for Overweight
- 85th-95th percentile
- Overweight
- gt 95th percentile
6Body Mass Index
795th
85th
50th
5th
8Obesity Epidemic
- Obesity in the United States is truly an
epidemic. In the last 10 years, obesity rates
have increased by more than 60 among adults. - Approximately 59 million U.S. adults are obese.
- EpidemicAn outbreak of sudden rapid spread,
growth, or development
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
9Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1991
(BMI 30, or 30 lbs overweight for 5 4 woman)
Source Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance
System, CDC
10Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1993
(BMI 30, or 30 lbs overweight for 5 4 woman)
Source Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance
System, CDC
11Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1995
(BMI 30, or 30 lbs overweight for 5 4 woman)
Source Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance
System, CDC
12Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1997
(BMI 30, or 30 lbs overweight for 5 4 woman)
Source Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance
System, CDC
13Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1999
(BMI 30, or 30 lbs overweight for 5 4 woman)
Source Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance
System, CDC
14Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 2001
(BMI 30, or 30 lbs overweight for 5 4 woman)
No Data lt10 1014
1519 2024 25
Source Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance
System, CDC
15Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 2003
(BMI 30, or 30 lbs overweight for 5 4
person)
No Data lt10 1014
1519 2024 25
16Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 2004
(BMI 30, or 30 lbs overweight for 5 4
person)
No Data lt10 1014
1519 2024 25
17 Trend in Percentage of Adults Who Are Overweight
(BMI 25-29.9), Obese (BMI 30) Alaska BRFSS,
1991-2003 (3-Year Moving Averages)
18 Alaskan High School Students Who Are Overweight
or At-Risk for Becoming Overweight
Source YRBS 2003
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20Overweight and Obesity Health Consequences
- Adults
- Premature mortality
- Cardiovascular disease
- Type 2 Diabetes
- Musculoskeletal disorders
- Sleep apnea
- Gallbladder disease
- Certain types of cancer (endometrial, colon,
kidney, gallbladder, postmenopausal breast)
- Youth
- Increased risk of obesity as an adult
- High blood pressure
- High cholesterol
- Orthopedic disorders
- Type 2 Diabetes
- Psychosocial disorders
21Obesity Economic Costs
- United States
- 75 billion in annual direct medical expenditures
- 18 billion financed by Medicare
- 21 billion financed by Medicaid
- Alaska
- 195 million in annual direct medical
expenditures - 17 million financed by Medicare
- 29 million financed by Medicaid
Source State-Level Estimates of Annual Medical
Expenditures Attributable to Obesity. Obesity
Research. 2004
22Contributors to Obesity and Overweight
- Too much energy in, not enough energy out
- Too much food
- Portion Sizes
- Food quality
- Not enough activity
- How towns are built
- TV and Screen time
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25PEPPERONI PIZZA
20 Years Ago
Today
500 calories
850 calories
Calorie Difference 350 calories
26POPCORN
20 Years Ago
Today
270 calories 5 cups
630 calories11 cups
Calorie Difference 360 calories
27CHOCOLATE CHIP COOKIE
20 Years Ago
Today
55 calories 1.5 inch diameter
275 calories 3.5 inch diameter
Calorie Difference 220 calories
28How Can We Stop the Epidemic?
- Obesity is a result of many factors (genetic,
personal, environmental) - Comes down to caloric intake vs. expenditure
- No one solution or quick fix
- Focus on physical activity nutrition
29FRENCH FRIES
20 Years Ago
Today
610 Calories 6.9 ounces
210 Calories 2.4 ounces
Calorie Difference 400 Calories
30Maintaining a Healthy Weight is a Balancing
Act Calories In Calories Out
How long will you have to walk leisurely in order
to burn those extra 400 calories?
Based on 160-pound person
31Maintaining a Healthy Weight is a Balancing
Act Calories In Calories Out
If you walk leisurely for 1 hour and 10 minutes
you will burn approximately 400 calories.
Based on 160-pound person
32SODA
20 Years Ago
Today
250 Calories 20 ounces
85 Calories 6.5 ounces
Calorie Difference 165 Calories
33Maintaining a Healthy Weight is a Balancing
Act Calories In Calories Out
How long will you have to work in the garden to
burn those extra calories?
Based on 160-pound person
34Maintaining a Healthy Weight is a Balancing
Act Calories In Calories Out
If you work in the garden for 35 minutes, you
will burn approximately 165 calories.
Based on 160-pound person
35SPAGHETTI AND MEATBALLS
20 Years Ago
Today
1,025 calories 2 cups of pasta with sauce and 3
large meatballs
500 calories 1 cup spaghetti with sauce and 3
small meatballs
Calorie Difference 525 calories
36Maintaining a Healthy Weight is a Balancing
Act Calories In Calories Out
How long will you have to houseclean in order to
burn the extra 525 calories?
Based on 130-pound person
37Maintaining a Healthy Weight is a Balancing
Act Calories In Calories Out
If you houseclean for 2 hours and 35 minutes,
you will burn approximately 525 calories.
Based on 130-pound person
38Center for Disease Control American College of
Sports MedicinePhysical Activity Recommendation
Every US adult should accumulate 30 minutes or
more of moderate-intensity activity on most,
preferably all, days of the week. ACSM June
2001, Medicine Science in Sports Exercise,
Vol. 33(6), Suppl.
39Nutrition and Physical Activity Alaskan Adults
- 43 do not meet CDC recommendations for physical
activity - 77 do not consume the recommended daily 5
servings of fruits and vegetables - Source BRFSS, 2003
40PA recommendations for youth
- It is recommended that children and adolescents
participate in at least 60 minutes of moderate
intensity physical activity most days of the
week, preferably daily.
Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2005
41Nutrition and Physical ActivityAlaskan High
School Students
- 18 participate in daily physical education
- 27 do not meet the CDC minimum recommendations
for physical activity - 28 watch 3 or more hours of television on an
average school day - 16 consume at least 5 daily servings of fruits
and vegetables - Source YRBS, 2003
42Physical Inactivity Obesity
- From 1980 to 2000, calories eaten by teens ages
12-19 rose 1 percent and obesity rose 10 percent,
while physical activity dropped 13 percent.
Sutherland, et. Al 2003
43It All Adds Up
- One pound of fat 3,500 calories
- Positive imbalance of 500 calories/day 1lb/week
Weight Gain - Reducing caloric intake by 250 calories/day
combined with burning 250 calories/day 1lb/week
Weight Loss
44A Short Walk Can Go a Long Way
- All forms of activity can promote health, from a
stroll along a short path to a back- country
trek. - Research shows health benefits of moderate
activities such as walking, hiking, and
gardening. - Small increases in levels of physical activity
yield large improvements for previously sedentary
individuals.
A bear, however hard he tries, grows tubby
without exercise - Winnie the Pooh
45Physical Activity in Daily Routine
- As Recreation
- Hiking, fishing, birding
- Skiing, sledding, etc.
- Swimming
- Kayaking/Canoeing
- Trail running
-
- As Transportation
- Walking
- Bicycling
- Skateboarding, rollerblading, etc.
- As part of your daily routine
- Washing the car
- Gardening
- Mowing the lawn
- Shoveling snow
- Walking the dog
-
-
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47An approach to increasing physical activity . .
.
48Physical Activity Promotion through Predator
Reintroduction
49A Comprehensive Approach
- We are Seeking to Increase Physical Activity and
Nutrition in - Worksites
- Communities
- Healthcare settings
- Schools
-
50Coordinated School Health Programs
Health Education
Physical Education
Family/CommunityInvolvement
Health Services
Health Promotionfor Staff
Nutrition Services
Healthy SchoolEnvironment
Counseling,Psychological, Social Services
51What Can You Do?
- Join the district or school wellness policy
development team - Start or join a School Health Council at your
school - Support policy changes that promote nutrition and
physical activity - Incorporate nutrition and physical activity into
your lessons - Model good eating and physical activity behaviors
52Thank You!