Dairy Industry An Overview of the Dairy Industry in Georgia

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Dairy IndustryAn Overview of the Dairy Industry
in Georgia
Georgia Agricultural Education Curriculum
Office Dr. Frank Flanders and Scott
Register April 2006
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Objectives

• Students will be able to
• Explain the importance of the dairy industry in
  Georgia.
• Name 4 dairy products.
• Name 3 or more of the 6 major dairy breeds.
• State key facts about each breed.
• Name the top three dairy producing counties.
• Rank the Dairy Industry compared to other Georgia
  agricultural commodities.
• Rank Georgia with other states in dairy
  production.

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Why is the dairy industry important?
Dairy products comprise a major part of our
diet. The average American consumes about 66
gallons of milk per year. This includes not only
drinking milk but also products that use
milk. Milk production in Georgia totaled 1.47
billion pounds from 660 dairy farms in
2002. Production is steadily increasing
each year. Georgia currently has over 84,000
dairy cows.
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Dairy Products
There are over 30 main types of dairy
products. However, dairy products are a part of
almost all recipes and foods. Most common
categories are Milk Yogurt Cheese
Ice Creams Sour Cream Butter
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Dairy Cow Breeds

• There are 5 major dairy breeds
• Holstein
• Brown Swiss
• Jersey
• Guernsey
• Ayrshire
• Milking Shorthorn

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Holstein
Originated in Europe Distinguished by their black
and white markings
(sometimes
black and red, as a recessive gene) On average 9
out of 10 dairy cows are Holstein Produces the
most milk per cow of all the breeds This is the
breed made more popular by Chick-fil-A ads.

They are not a beef
breed, but the ads are clever and effective.
However, a large portion of beef comes from
Holstein steers and past production cows.
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Brown Swiss
Originated in Switzerland Colors can range from
nearly white to very dark brown Most resilient
breed, can withstand harsh elements
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Jersey
Originated in the Isle of Jersey, off the French
coast Second most popular breed to the Holstein
Smallest of all the dairy breeds Milk contains
the highest butterfat content
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Guernsey
Originated in Isle of Guernsey, in the English
Channel Their color is a shade of fawn with white
markings Consumes 20 to 30 percent less feed per
pound of milk produced than larger dairy
breeds Total number of this breed is decreasing
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Ayrshire
Originated in Ayr in Scotland Their color varies
from light to deep cherry red, mahogany, brown,
or a combination of these colors with white. Some
are all white. Formerly used as dual-purpose
breed for dairy and meat producers
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Milking Shorthorn
Originated in Northeastern England in the Valley
of the Tees River Can range in colors from
either red, red and white, white or roan Most
versatile of all breeds Originally used for
meat, later developed more for the milking
industry
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Dairy Producing Counties in Georgia
In 2004 the counties with the most
Average milk production per head of cattle in
pounds 1 Randolph 22,300 2 Laurens 22,125 3
Sumter 22,100 4 Ware 22,049 5
Cherokee 22,000
Head of dairy cattle 1 Macon 9,000 2
Putnam 8,500 3 Morgan 6,200 4 Brooks 6,000 5
Appling 4,500 6 Mitchell 3,820 7
Greene 3,000 8 Burke 2,800 9 Wilkes 2,800 10
Jasper 2,500
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Georgias Commodity Value
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US Milk Production

• Top milk production states

1 California 2 Wisconsin 3 New York 4
Pennsylvania 5 Idaho Georgia ranks 25 in this
ranking
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Interesting Facts

• It takes 2.5 gallons of milk to make one gallon
  of ice cream.
• It takes 10 gallons of milk to make one pound of
  cheese.
• It takes two gallons of water to create one
  gallon of milk.
• 500 gallons of blood have to pass through the
  udder to produce one gallon of milk.
• The average cow produces 6-8 gallons of milk per
  day. That is 96 to 128 glasses of milk per day.
• You would have to eat 2.5 cups of broccoli or 1
  cup of turnip greens to equal the calcium in two
  servings of dairy products.

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Assessment

• 1. Name 4 dairy products.
• 2. Which of the following is the most accurate
  about the number of dairy cattle
• in Georgia?
• A. 4,568 B. Over 1,000
• C. Over 84,000 D. Over 1,000,000
• 3. Name 3 of the 6 major dairy breeds.
• 4. Which is the most versatile dairy breed?
• 5. Which breed of dairy cattle are typically
  black and white?
• 6. Which breed of dairy cattle produces the most
  butterfat in their milk?
• A. Brown Swiss B. Jersey
• C. Ayrshire D. Holstein

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Assessment Continued

• 7. Name one of the top dairy counties in Georgia.
• 8. Milk products rank _____ in Georgias total
  commodities worth.
• A. 4 B. 1
• C. 56 C. 7
• 9. What is Georgias ranking in the US for milk
  production?
• A. 25 B. 2
• C. 10 C. 50
• 10. What state ranks number one in milk
  production?
• A. Ohio B. Kentucky
• C. Wisconsin D. California

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Quiz Key

• 1. Milk, Yogurt, Cheese, Ice Cream, Sour Cream,
  Butter (and any other specifics)
• 2. C. Over 84,000
• 3. Holstein, Brown Swiss, Jersey, Guernsey,
  Ayrshire, Milking Shorthorn
• 4. Milking Shorthorn
• 5. Holstein
• 6. Jersey

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Quiz Key Continued

• 7. Macon, Putnam, Morgan, Brooks, and Appling
  are the top five
• 8. C. 7
• 9. A. 25
• 10. D. California

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References

• http//www.georgiastats.uga.edu/sasweb/cgi-bin/bro
  ker
• http//www.georgiastats.uga.edu/sasweb/cgi-bin/bro
  ker
• http//www.fmmacentral.com/PDFdata/msb200502.pdf
• http//www.dailyping.com/archive/2000/05/28/