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COMPUTER INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING

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Title: COMPUTER INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING


1
COMPUTER INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING
  • Presented By
  • Heba Saleh
  • Karim El-Sabahy
  • Mohamed Hussein

2
Outline
  • Definition
  • Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM)-detailed
    analysis of the concept
  • Integration of the production process
  • Control of the firm
  • Product planning, design and manufacture
    (CAD/CAM)
  • CAD/CAM applications
  • CAM components
  • Manufacturing plant and production systems
  • Communication between applications
  • Advantages of CIM
  • Economic Aspects
  • Case Example

3
Definition
  • Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) A
    computerized integration of all aspects of
    design, material selection, planning,
    manufacturing, production, quality assurance,
    management and marketing.

4
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5
CIM- detailed analysis of the concept
  • Integration of the production process (production
    control)
  • Control of the firm
  • Product planning, design and manufacture
  • Manufacturing plant and production systems
  • Communication between applications

6
Integration of the Production Process(backbone
of CIM)
  • It is composed of information structure enables
    every person in the company, at whatever level,
    to benefit from real-time direct access to all
    the technical and economic data needed for their
    work.
  • Production and inventory control (PIC) manages
    the manpower and material resources of an
    industrial company to produce the best compromise
    between three contradictory objectives
  • Commercial
  • Financial
  • Production-related

7
Control of the firm
  • CIM Enables managerial decisions to be made the
    use of the companys resources should be
    maximized to achieve strategic objectives. The
    information system is therefore designed such
    that
  • Key data used for decision making are
    available, up to date and directly accessible.
  • The detailed design of the system guarantees
    that decisions are taken at the appropriate
    level.
  • The control function in a firm depends on
  • 1.The master production schedule (MPS)
    which provides help in medium to long-term
    planning decisions
  • 2. Manufacturing Resource Planning (MRPII)

8
Control of the firm
  • 3.Database
  • Product Data
  • Data management attributes
  • Production data
  • Operational data
  • Resources data
  • Input of database
  • Individuals
  • Data Acquisition System (DAS)

9
Product Planning, Design and Manufacture.
  • Computer Aided Design (CAD) involves the use of
    computers to create design drawings and product
    models
  • Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) the use of a
    computer to generate the data required to
    configure a production process, for example the
    parameters needed to set up NC machines and
    robots
  • Integrating CAD/CAM

10
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11
CAD/CAM
  • Allows the transfer of information from the
    design stage into the stage of planning for the
    manufacture of a product, without the need to
    reenter data on part geometry manually.
  • CAD database is processed further by CAM into
    data and instructions for operating and
    controlling production machinery, material
    handling equipment, automated testing and
    inspection for quality control.
  • CAM is capable of machining operations such as
    describing tool path for various operations

12
CAD/CAM Applications
  • Programming for NC, CNC, and industrial robots.
  • Design of tools and EDM electrodes.
  • Quality control and inspection

13
CAM components
  • The mechanical hardware
  • Capable of moving different parts of the
  • machine in programmed co-ordinate
  • system (machine tool, robot arm, etc.)
  • The power supply systeme.g. hydraulics,
    electricity, pneumatics, etc..
  • Actuation devices
  • Such as stepping motors, DC AC
  • motors, Hydraulic devices, etc
  • Feedback devices, such as encoders
  • The computer control unit This part consists of
    the machine control system, and the machine
    control software

14
CAM example
  • An example of CAM system is a CNC machine.
  • Its a numerical control machine with a
    microprocessor as an integral part of the MCU.
    Data handling, control sequences, and response to
    input is determined by the integrated
    microprocessor.
  • The software compiler used by CNC for simplifying
    numerical control programming is APT and it is
    the most widely used processor.

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16
Manufacturing plant and production systems
  • Flexible manufacturing system (FMS) host
    computer organizes the supply of materials,
    programs for NC machine tools, tooling of
    machines, etc in a highly flexible manner.
  • Such a system
  • is automated
  • is capable of manufacturing several types of
    product
  • can changeover from manufacturing one product to
    another ideally by overlapping operations

17
Communication between applications
  • One of the main aims of CIM is to coordinate
    exchanges of information between applications
    such as
  • Programmable logic controllers (PLC)
  • robots
  • various terminals

18
Advantages of CIM
  • Responsiveness to shorter product life cycles and
    changing market demands
  • Better process control emphasizes product quality
    and uniformity
  • Support and coordinate exchanges of information
    between applications.
  • Designing components for machining.

19
Advantages of CIM contd
  • Decrease the cost of production and maintenance
    through better use of materials, machinery,
    personnel and the reduction in work in progress
    (WIP) inventory
  • Save time and effort.

20
Skills Required for using CIM
  • Good understanding of the process involved.
  • Ability to describe and define different computer
    integrated models.
  • Ability to develop different solutions for same
    problem.

21
Problems Faced
  • Unfamiliar technologies used.
  • Requires major change in corporate culture.
  • Reduction in short term profits.
  • Perceived risk is high.

22
CIM Economy
  • A CIM return analysis could take the following
    structure
  • Collect data typical of the present situation
  • Identify the sectors to be improved
  • Estimate the annual profits
  • Evaluate the costs
  • Determine payback time

23
CIM Economy
  • CIM implementation is tailored for specific
    company requirements, and is done in steps of
    cell application
  • An educational software package including
    technical tutorials provided by Ciscos Basics
    costs 1100
  • Boeing 777 passenger airplane was designed
    completely with CAD/CAM software, costing 6
    billion.

24
Case Example
25
Society for Manufacturing Engineering
  • The SME sponsored a conference called AUTOFACT in
    1989 to simulate how a mid-size company exploits
    CIM.
  • The conference was conducted by 25 companies
    ranging from computer system vendors to
    consultants worked together to make this
    simulation.

26
Steps representing CIM
  • Customer ordered a mower deck part on an older
    model tractor.
  • Dealer used online CAD part catalogue to get part
    geometry.
  • Dealer ordered four parts from factory.
  • Information received at division office.
  • Inventory system found parts unavailable.
  • A message was forward to material planning
    system.
  • Production planner reviewed part assembly
    indicating two assembly components not available.
  • Production planner sent to design engineer to
    search for similar components on databases.
  • Design engineer modifies the design of the
    perceived components and saves it on the
    database.
  • New assembly number was sent to production planar
    upgrading the catalogues.

27
  • Production planar releases an order to
    manufacture parts
  • Production planar selects production schedule and
    sends it to manufacturing production control
    system
  • Manufacturing engineering develop NC program and
    verify it and transfer it to operator
  • Shop floor term loads program to CNC machine
  • After machining is complete, finished parts are
    grouped and taken to shipping
  • Bar code labels are put on boxes then transferred
    into main plant
  • A receiving clerk scans the barcode and logs
    boxes into inventory
  • An order is sent to manufacturing engineer to
    prepare robot assembly program
  • Assembly engineer requests part geometry and
    tooling geometry then transmits it to a robot
    programmer
  • Robot programmer prepares robot simulation
    program and transfers it to robot controller
  • Robot controller ordered to present parts to
    robot

28
  • Robot delivers the completed assembly
  • System creates a barcode shipping label and puts
    them on boxes
  • Parts are ready to go

29
Questions?
30
Works Cited
  • Groover, Automation, Production Systems, and
    Computer Integrated Manufacturing. Prentice Hall
    2001
  • Henderson, Mark Richard, Wolfe, Philip, Computer
    Integrated Design and Manufacturing. McGraw-Hill
    1991.
  • Kalpakjian, Schmid, Manufacturing Engineering and
    Technology. Prentice Hall 2000.
  • Waldner, Jean-Baptiste, Principles of
    Computer-Integrated Manuacturing. Wiley, 1992.
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