Phylum Arthropoda Phylum Chordata - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Phylum Arthropoda Phylum Chordata

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Examples: insects, crabs, centipedes, spiders * Segmented body * Tough exoskeleton ... Spiders Scorpions. Horseshoe crabs. 2-part body (cephalothorax, abdomen) ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Phylum Arthropoda Phylum Chordata


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Phylum ArthropodaPhylum Chordata
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Kingdom Animalia
  • Porifera
  • Cnidaria
  • Platyhelminthes
  • Nematoda
  • Annelida
  • Mollusca
  • Arthropoda
  • Echinodermata
  • Chordata

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Phylum Arthropoda
  • Examples insects, crabs, centipedes, spiders
  • Segmented body
  • Tough exoskeleton
  • Composed of chitin and protein
  • Jointed appendages
  • Appendages are structures such as legs and
    antennae
  • Name arthropoda comes from the Greek
  • arthron (joint) and poda (foot)

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Subphylum Chelicerata
  • Ticks Mites
  • Spiders Scorpions
  • Horseshoe crabs

2-part body (cephalothorax, abdomen) Chelicerae
first pair of appendages are specialized feeding
structures
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Subphylum Crustacea
  • Crabs Lobsters
  • Pill bugs Barnacles

Mouthparts called mandibles Two pairs of
antennae Appendages have two branches Many have
carapace
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Subphylum Uniramia Have jaws, one pair of
antennae, unbranched appendages
  • Class Chilopoda centipedes
  • One pair of legs per segment
  • Carnivores
  • Class Diplopoda millipedes
  • Two pairs of legs per segment
  • Herbivores
  • Class Insecta
  • 3 body segments (head, thorax, abdomen)
  • Six legs
  • Usually two pairs of wings

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Insects
  • 3 body parts

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Respiratory System
Spiracles tiny openings from which air enters
and leaves body Tracheal tubes deliver oxygen
to body
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Excretory System
  • Malpighian tubules extract waste from blood and
    add to digestive waste

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Circulatory System
  • Well developed heart
  • Blood delivers oxygen to tissues
  • Nervous System
  • Brain
  • Ventral nerve cord

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Metamorphosis
  • Process of changing shape and form
  • Incomplete metamorphosis
  • Immature form looks much like adult
  • Immature stage called nymph
  • Complete metamorphosis
  • Dramatic changes occur between larval stage and
    adult
  • Egg larva pupa - adult

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Orders of some common insects
  • Coleoptera beetles
  • Diptera true flies
  • Hemiptera true bugs
  • Hymenoptera bees, ants, wasps
  • Lepidoptera butterflies, moths
  • Odonata dragonflies, damselflies
  • Orthoptera crickets, grasshoppers

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Order Coleoptera
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Order Diptera
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Order Hemiptera
  • True bugs

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Order Hymentoptera
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Order Lepidoptera
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Order Odonata
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Order Orthoptera
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Phylum Chordata
  • The chordates
  • Four key characteristics
  • Dorsal, hollow nerve cord
  • Notochord
  • Pharyngeal pouches
  • Tail that extends beyond anus
  • Present in some stage of
    life

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Hollow nerve cord
  • Runs along dorsal part of body
  • Nerves branch from nerve cord
  • Notochord
  • Supporting rod below nerve cord
  • In humans, only in embryos
  • Pharyngeal pouches
  • Paired slits in throat region

Tail that extends past anus
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Nonvertebrate chordates
  • Tunicates and lancelets

Blue-bell tunicate
Lancelet
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Vertebrates
  • Characterized by a vertebral column or backbone
  • 5 of all animals

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Fish
  • Jawless fish
  • Lampreys, hagfish
  • Class Chondrichthyes Cartilaginous fishes
  • Sharks, rays, skates
  • Class Osteichthyes Bony fishes
  • Goldfish, salmon, perch

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Class Amphibia Amphibians
  • Live in water as larva and on land as adult
  • Breathe with lungs as adult
  • Moist skin containing mucus glands
  • Part of life spent in water
  • Examples frogs, toads, salamanders

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Class Reptilia Reptiles
  • Have dry, scaly skin
  • Lungs
  • Terrestrial eggs
  • Live entire life spent out of water

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Class Aves Birds
  • Reptile-like
  • Have constant body temperature (endotherms)
  • Feathers
  • Two legs modified for walking/perching
  • Front limbs modified into wings

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Class Mammalia Mammals
  • Characteristics
  • Hair
  • Mammary glands for nourishing young with milk
  • Four-chambered hearts
  • Endotherms
  • Reproduce by internal fertilization

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