Patricia Dehmer

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OFFICE OF SCIENCE
DOE Office of Science FY 2010 Budget Request
Briefing for the Energy Sciences Coalition 19
May 2009

• Patricia Dehmer
• Deputy Director for Science Programs Acting
  Director
• Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy
• Download this talk at http//www.science.doe.gov/S
  C-2/Deputy_Director-speeches-presentations.htm

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a historic commitment to basic science and
applied research
Science is more essential for our prosperity,
our security, our health, our environment, and
our quality of life than it has ever been.
President Barack Obama Address to the National
Academy of Sciences, 27 April 2009

• The Office of Science supports
• Science for discovery
• Unraveling Natures deepest mysteriesfrom the
  study of subatomic particles to atoms and
  molecules that make up the materials of our
  everyday world and to DNA, proteins, cells, and
  entire natural ecosystems
• Science for national need and
• Advancing a clean energy agenda through basic
  research on energy production, storage,
  transmission, and use
• Advancing our understanding of the Earths
  climate through basic research in atmospheric and
  environmental sciences and in climate modeling
• National scientific user facilities, the 21st
  century tools of science.
• Providing the Nations researchers with the most
  advanced tools of modern science including
  accelerators, colliders, supercomputers, light
  sources and neutron sources, and facilities for
  studying the nanoworld
• The FY 2010 Budget request continues the 10-year
  doubling of SC and supports DOEs initiatives in
  the directed pursuit of energy solutions through
  the establishment of two Energy Innovation Hubs
  and in education through the establishment of a
  Graduate Fellowship Program.

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DOEs Priorities and Goals

• Priority Science and Discovery Invest in
  science to achieve transformational discoveries
• Organize and focus on breakthrough science
• Develop and nurture science and engineering
  talent
• Coordinate DOE work across the department, across
  the government, and globally
• Priority Change the landscape of energy demand
  and supply
• Drive energy efficiency to decrease energy use in
  homes, industry and transportation
• Develop and deploy clean, safe, low carbon energy
  supplies
• Enhance DOEs application areas through
  collaboration with its strengths in Science
• Priority Economic Prosperity Create millions of
  green jobs and increase competitiveness
• Reduce energy demand
• Deploy cost-effective low-carbon clean energy
  technologies at scale
• Promote the development of an efficient, smart
  electricity transmission and distribution network
• Enable responsible domestic production of oil and
  natural gas
• Create a green workforce
• Priority National Security and Legacy Maintain
  nuclear deterrent and prevent proliferation
• Strengthen non-proliferation and arms control
  activities

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Priority Science and DiscoveryInvest in science
to achieve transformational discoveries

• Focus on transformational science
• Connect basic and applied sciences
• Re-energize the national labs as centers of great
  science and innovation
• Double the Office of Science budget
• Embrace a degree of risk-taking in research
• Create an effective mechanism to integrate
  national laboratory, university, and industry
  activities
• Develop science and engineering talent
• Train the next generation of scientists and
  engineers
• Attract and retain the most talented researchers
• Collaborate universally
• Partner globally
• Support the developing world
• Build research networks across departments,
  government, nation and the globe

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SC Request vs. Appropriation (As Appropriated s)
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OFFICE OF SCIENCE
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Office of Science by the Numbers in FY 2010
25,000 users in FY 2010 (distribution of users
by facility)
Alcator
DIII-D
NSTX
SSRL
ARM
JGI
ALS
FES
EMSL

• 25,000 Ph.D.s, graduate students,
  undergraduates, engineers, and technicians at
  more than 300 universities and at all 17 DOE
  laboratories
• 25,000 users at the facilities

ATLAS
Bio Enviro Facilities
HRIBF
TJNAF
Nuclear physics facilities
APS
RHIC
Light Sources
B-Factory
High energy physics facilities
Tevatron
Computing Facilities
Neutron Sources
NSLS
ALCF
Nano Centers
OLCF
HFIR
Lujan
SNS
NERSC
NSRCs
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Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

• BES Mission To support fundamental research to
  understand, predict, and ultimately control
  matter and energy at the electronic, atomic, and
  molecular levels in order to provide the
  foundations for new energy technologies and to
  support DOE missions in energy, environment, and
  national security.
• Priorities
• Create a new paradigm for the design of
  materials, especially those related to the
  efficient production, storage, transmission, and
  use of energy
• Through observation and manipulation of matter at
  the atomic and molecular scales, achieve mastery
  of material syntheses and chemical
  transformations relevant to real-world energy
  systems
• Understand and control fundamental interactions
  between matter and energy, especially at the
  nanoscale
• Conceive, construct, and operate open-access
  scientific user facilities to probe materials at
  the limits of time, space, and energy resolution
• Program Planning Factors for FY 2010
• Significant effort will be spent in establishing
  the EFRCs during their first full year of
  operation and in overseeing new facilities (LCLS)
  and a major construction project (NSLS-II).
• Efforts in FY 2010 are informed by the following
  Scientific Workshops and Reports
• BESAC Basic Research Needs workshop series (11
  workshops from 2003-2007)
• BESAC Energy Grand Challenges report (2007)
• BESAC New Science for a Secure and Sustainable
  Energy Future (2008)
• RD coordination with DOE applied technology
  programs in areas such as electrical energy
  storage, solar energy utilization, biofuels, and
  fuel cells
• 2009 Recovery Act enhancements

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BES FY 2010 Highlights

• Research (3 modalities)
• Core research supporting single investigators and
  small groups is continued. This includes
  research addressing the 5 key science challenges
  from the BESAC Grand Challenges report (1)
  quantum control of electrons in atoms, molecules,
  and materials (2) basic atomic architecture of
  matter and directed assembly (3) emergence and
  collective phenomena (4) energy and information
  transfer on the nanoscale and (5) matter far
  from equilibrium.
• Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRCs),
  initiated late in FY 2009, see their first full
  year of operation in FY 2010. The 46 new EFRCs
  assemble scientists from multiple disciplines to
  conduct basic research to establish the
  scientific foundations for new energy
  technologies in a wide variety of topical areas.
• Energy Innovation Hubs are initiated in the areas
  of Fuels from Sunlight and Batteries and Energy
  Storage. Hubs assemble purpose-driven teams to
  address the basic science, technology, economic,
  and policy issues needed to address the energy
  topic. Each is funded at 25,000,000/year for an
  initial 5 year-period with one-time funding of
  10,000,000 provided for start-up, excluding new
  construction.
• Facilities
• Scientific User Facility Operations are fully
  funded in FY 2010. More than 10,000 scientists
  and engineers from academia, national
  laboratories, and industry use the BES facilities
  annually.
• The Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) at SLAC
  National Accelerator Laboratory, the worlds
  first hard x-ray coherent light source, begins
  operations in FY 2010. First light was seen at
  LCLS in April within a few hours of the start of
  the first commissioning run and with only about
  1/3 of the undulators in place! Wow! First
  science starts in the fall of 2009.
• The National Synchrotron Light Source II at
  Brookhaven National Laboratory continues
  construction, including the largest component of
  the projectthe building that will house the
  storage ring.

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Some Program Features (Pats Interpretation)
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BES in Pictures Seeing Atoms with X-Rays
NSLS-II Today
NSLS-II 2015
SSRL 1974 2004
Numbers of Users
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The Scale of Things Nanometers and More
Things Natural
Things Manmade
1 cm 10 mm
10-2 m
Head of a pin 1-2 mm
The Challenge
1,000,000 nanometers
10-3 m
1 millimeter (mm)
MicroElectroMechanical (MEMS) devices 10 -100 mm
wide
Microwave
0.1 mm 100 mm
10-4 m
Human hair 60-120 mm wide
Microworld
0.01 mm 10 mm
10-5 m
Pollen grain
Red blood cells
Infrared
Red blood cells (7-8 mm)
Zone plate x-ray lensOuter ring spacing 35 nm
1,000 nanometers
10-6 m
1 micrometer (mm)
Visible
Fabricate and combine nanoscale building blocks
to make useful devices, e.g., a photosynthetic
reaction center with integral semiconductor
storage.
0.1 mm 100 nm
10-7 m
Ultraviolet
Self-assembled, Nature-inspired structureMany
10s of nm
Nanoworld
0.01 mm 10 nm
10-8 m
10 nm diameter
Nanotube electrode
ATP synthase
1 nanometer (nm)
10-9 m
Carbon buckyball 1 nm diameter
Soft x-ray
Carbon nanotube 1.3 nm diameter
10-10 m
0.1 nm
Quantum corral of 48 iron atoms on copper
surface positioned one at a time with an STM
tip Corral diameter 14 nm
Office of Basic Energy Sciences Office of
Science, U.S. DOE Version 05-26-06, pmd
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Biological and Environmental Research (BER)

• BER Mission To understand biological, climate,
  and environmental systems by exploring the
  frontiers of genome-enabled biology discovering
  the physical, chemical, and biological drivers of
  climate change and seeking the biological,
  geochemical and hydrological molecular
  determinants of environmental sustainability and
  stewardship.
• Priorities
• Use systems biology approaches to understand
  enzymatic, microbial, and plant interactions for
  the conversion of biomass into liquid
  transportation fuels
• Use advanced atmospheric measurements together
  with high-end computation and modeling to predict
  the impact of greenhouse gases on climate change
• Model and measure the fate and transport of
  contaminants in the subsurface environment at DOE
  sites to predict contaminant flows
• Develop new tools to explore the interface of
  biological and physical sciences
• Program Planning Factors for FY 2010
• BER restructuring of subprograms aligns
  scientific themes across the portfolio to enable
  strategic formulation and execution of the budget
• Significant effort will be spent to deliver new
  instrumentation to the EMSL and ACRF user
  facilities and to further build the
  bioinformatics framework for integrating research
  on plants and microbes
• Efforts in FY 2010 are informed by the following
  Scientific Workshops and Reports
• Carbon Cycling and Biosequestration Workshop
  (2008)
• Systems Biology Knowledgebase Workshop (2009)
• New Frontiers of Science in Radiochemistry and
  Instrumentation for Radionuclide Imaging (2009)
• Identifying Outstanding Grand Challenges in
  Climate Change Research (2008)
• Interagency coordination on plant feedstocks and
  sustainability for bioenergy (USDA), the Biomass
  RD Board (USDA, EPA and others), and
  radiochemistry/radiobiology (NIH)
• DOE RD coordination with DOE applied technology
  programs in bioenergy, subsurface science, and
  climate
• 2009 Recovery Act enhancements

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BER FY 2010 Highlights

• Research
• Biological Systems Science
• The DOE Bioenergy Research Centers continue
  pursuit of breakthroughs needed to make
  cellulosic biofuels cost-effective, with new
  developments on pretreatment, plant oils, and
  microbial deconstruction and conversion of
  biomass (with 95 peer-reviewed publications, 23
  patent filings, and 5 patent disclosures to date)
• Support is provided to the Genomics Science
  program to begin conceptualization of a Genomics
  Knowledgebase to exploit, analyze, mine, and
  integrate masses of data produced by
  high-throughput genomic sequencing and other
  technologies.
• Radiological Sciences will support improvements
  in synthetic radiochemical methods, new
  radiotracer designs, and development of new
  radiochemistry detection methods.
• Climate and Environmental Sciences
• Climate and Earth System Modeling continues the
  development of climate models and their use to
  develop projections on temporal scales of
  decades-to-centuries and spatial scales from
  regional-to-global. Efforts increase in
  visualization for model development, evaluation,
  and model intercomparisons, and in Integrated
  Assessment research to integrate climate models
  with economic and societal factors.
• Atmospheric System Research, with upgraded
  instrumentation funded by the Recovery Act,
  probes deeper into the effects of clouds,
  aerosols, and growing atmospheric greenhouse
  gasses on the Earths radiation balance.
• Facilities
• Joint Genome Institute serves both the DOE
  Bioenergy Research Centers and the wider Genomics
  Science community engaged in DOE
  mission-relevant research with new, accelerated
  sequencing technologies.
• Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Climate
  Research Facility (ACRF) provides improved
  long-term observations with four fixed sites and
  two mobile facilities. Mobile campaigns will take
  place in the Azores and Colorado.
• Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory
  operations supported at optimal levels to support
  user community capital equipment investments
  enable instrument upgrades and new capabilities.

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BER in Pictures
From genomes to
proteins to plants and
ecosystems
High-throughput genome sequencing at the Joint
Genome Institute
Protein structure determinations at the
synchrotron light sources
Collecting switchgrass samples for the DOE
Bioenergy Research Centers.
From high-end computation
to sophisticated field
measurements
Raman lidar (ground-based laser sensor) at the
ARM Climate Research Facility (Oklahoma).
The Climate, Ocean and Sea Ice Modeling Project
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Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR)

• ASCR Mission To discover, develop, and deploy
  computational and networking capabilities to
  analyze, model, simulate, and predict complex
  phenomena relevant to DOE.
• Priorities
• Develop mathematical descriptions, models,
  methods, and algorithms to understand complex
  systems across wide spatial and temporal scales
• Develop the underlying understanding and software
  to make effective use of computers at extreme
  scales and to transform extreme-scale data into
  scientific insight
• Deliver forefront computational and networking
  capabilities to extend the frontiers of science
• Support mathematical and computational
  partnerships to advance key DOE SC missions
• Develop networking and collaboration tools and
  facilities that enable scientists worldwide to
  work together
• Program Planning Factors for FY 2010
• Significant effort will be spent capitalizing on
  recent advances in computer power through
  multidisciplinary research partnerships advanced
  networking and research efforts for next
  generation computer architectures.
• Efforts in FY 2010 are informed by the following
  Scientific Workshops and External Reviews
• Workshop series on science challenges and the
  potential role of extreme scale computing
  (2008-2009)
• National Research Council report, The Potential
  Impact of High End Capability Computing in Four
  Illustrative Fields of Science and Engineering
  (2008)
• Committee of Visitors - Computer Science (2009)
• Cyber Security Research Needs for Open Science
  (2007)
• Interagency coordination through the National
  Information Technology Research and Development
  (NITRD) Program
• 2009 Recovery Act enhancements

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ASCR FY 2010 Highlights

• Research
• Applied Mathematics Research continues to focus
  on advancing techniques and algorithms that
  enable simulations at extreme scales,
  understanding massive data sets, and
  cybersecurity. 20 of the recently announced SIAM
  fellows are supported by ASCR.
• Computer Science Research maintains its focus on
  developing operating systems, tools, programming
  models, and data management for extreme scale
  computing with applications across science. A new
  effort for FY 2010 will support research in
  advanced computer architectures.
• Support for Computational Partnerships continues
  with the Scientific Discovery through Advance
  Computing (SciDAC) Centers for Enabling
  Technologies, SciDAC Institutes, and Science
  Application Partnerships as successful means of
  increasing the impact of computational science
  across the disciplines including the 2008
  Gordon Bell Special Prize for Algorithms team.
• Next Generation Networking Research for Science
  will initiate new research efforts to focus on
  developing technologies to support research and
  education networks such as ESnet.
• Facilities
• Leadership Computing Facilities (LCFs)the most
  capable machines available to open
  sciencereceive continued support for operations
  and site preparation for upgrades.
• Oak Ridge LCF multicore Cray Baker system will
  provide 1.64 petaflop capability
• Argonne LCF IBM Blue Gene/P system will provide
  556 teraflop capability
• The National Energy Research Scientific Computing
  (NERSC) facility will be upgraded to a capacity
  of approximately one petaflop to meet ever
  growing demand from the Office of Science
  researchers.
• ESnet will begin to deliver 100-400 gigabits per
  second connections to the Office of Science
  Laboratories in FY 2010 through support for
  operations and upgrades. ESnet was recently
  recognized by an Excellence.gov award as the best
  in government for Effectively Leveraging
  Technology.
• Research and Evaluation prototypes will continue
  to support development of the next generation of
  leadership computing systems.

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ASCR in Pictures
ASCR supports major computing facilities at
Argonne National Laboratory, Oak Ridge National
Laboratory, and Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory. ASCR also supports the ESnet,
linking researchers across the U.S.
The new 1.64-petaflop Cray XT Jaguar the
fastest computer for open science in the U.S.
features more than 180,000 processing cores, each
with 2 gigabytes of local memory. The resources
of the ORNL computing complex provide a total
performance of 2.5 petaflops.
Grain boundary doping
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ASCR in Pictures
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Nuclear Physics (NP)

• NP Mission To discover, explore and understand
  all forms of nuclear matter and to understand how
  the fundamental particlesquarks and gluonsfit
  together and interact to create different types
  of matter in the universe, including those no
  longer found naturally.
• Priorities
• Understand how nucleonsprotons and
  neutronscombine to form atomic nuclei and how
  these nuclei have emerged since the origin of the
  cosmos
• Using particle accelerators operating at less
  extreme energy ranges than those of HEP,
  illuminate the structure of the nucleonthe core
  building block of matter understand how quarks
  and gluons assemble to form matters core and
  search for undiscovered forms of matter
• Penetrate the respective mysteries surrounding
  the properties of the neutron and the neutrino
• Conceive, construct, and operate national
  scientific user facilities
• Steward isotope development, production, and
  technologies for research and applications
• Program Planning Factors for FY 2010
• Significant efforts will be spent in overseeing
  facility upgrades (the 12 GeV upgrade at CEBAF),
  the design of a new facility (FRIB at MSU), and
  reestablishing the program for production of
  research isotopes and RD of isotope production
  techniques.
• Efforts in FY 2010 are informed by the following
  Scientific Workshops and External Reviews
• The Nations Needs for Isotopes Present and
  Future (2008)
• The Nuclear Science Advisory Committee 2007 Long
  Range Plan, The Frontiers of Nuclear Science
• Annual science and technology reviews of the
  national user facilities
• Interagency coordination on radioactive and
  stable isotopes
• DOE RD coordination with DOE applied technology
  program on isotopes, AFCI, nuclear forensics,
  others
• 2009 Recovery Act enhancements

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NP FY 2010 Highlights

• Research
• Core research supports research in the frontiers
  identified in the 2007 NSAC Long Range Plan (1)
  quantum chromodynamics, (2) nuclei and nuclear
  astrophysics, and (3) fundamental symmetries and
  neutrinos at national and international
  facilities.
• Rare Isotope Beam Science Initiative MIE funding
  is initiated to support new investments in
  forefront science opportunities at world-leading
  rare isotope beam facilities around the world
• Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) conceptual
  design and RD continues in FY 2010. FRIB is a
  next generation nuclear structure and
  astrophysics machine that will map out the
  nuclear landscape.
• Isotope Development and Production for Research
  and Applications supports research on targets,
  separation technologies, and development of
  isotope production technologies for stable and
  radioactive isotopes, as well as production of
  research isotopes.
• Nuclear Science Applications and Technology
  research supports nuclear physics research and
  technology that is inherently relevant to a broad
  suite of applications
• Facilities
• Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility
  (CEBAF) is supported at near optimal operations
  and the 12 GeV CEBAF Upgrade project continues
• Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) is
  supported at near optimal operations the
  Electron Beam Ion Source construction project is
  complete in FY 2010 luminosity and detector
  upgrades continue.
• Argonne Tandem Linac Accelerator System (ATLAS)
  is supported at near optimal operations for
  studies questions of nuclear structure, the
  Californium Rare Ion Breeder Upgrade (CARIBU) is
  completed in FY 2010
• Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility (HRIBF)
  is supported at near optimal operations for
  studies of short-lived, exotic nuclei that dont
  exist in nature
• Isotope Production Facilities at LANL and BNL,
  and isotope processing facilities at ORNL, BNL,
  and LANL continue to support production of
  isotopes for commercial and research
  applications.

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NP in Pictures
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HEP in Pictures

• The Standard Model is a theory devised to explain
  how sub-atomic particles interact with each
  other.
• There are 16 particles that make up this model
  12 matter particles and 4 force carrier
  particles. But they would have no mass if
  considered alone.
• The proposed Higgs boson explains why these
  particles have mass. Particles acquire their
  mass through interactions with an all-pervading
  field, called the Higgs field, which is carried
  by the Higgs boson.
• There are now signs that the Standard Model will
  have to be extended by adding new particles.

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High Energy Physics (HEP)

• HEP Mission To understand how our universe
  works at its most fundamental level by
  discovering the most elementary constituents of
  matter and energy probing the interactions
  between them and exploring the basic nature of
  space and time.
• Priorities
• Using the highest-energy particle accelerators,
  discover as yet undetected elementary particles,
  elucidate their properties, and thereby advance
  our knowledge of the most fundamental forces of
  nature
• Using high intensity particle beams and/or high
  precision, ultra-sensitive detectors, observe
  very rare events that help uncover the
  fundamental symmetries that govern the
  interactions of elementary particles
• Obtain new insights from instrument-assisted
  observations of naturally occurring processes in
  the cosmos
• Steward a national accelerator science program
  with a strategy that is inclusive and
  cross-disciplinary
• Program Planning Factors for FY 2010
• Significant effort will be spent in shifting the
  focus from operations of facilities built in the
  1990s in the U.S. (SLAC B-factory and the
  Tevatron Collider) to the exploitation of the LHC
  and the design and construction of new
  capabilities.
• Efforts in FY 2010 are informed by the following
  Scientific Workshops and External Reviews
• Report of the HEPAP Particle Physics Project
  Prioritization PanelP5 (2008)
• Annual Science and Technology Reviews of
  scientific user facilities
• Astronomy and Astrophysics Advisory Committee
  (AAAC) and NASA/NSF advisory committee reports to
  DOE/HEP as well
• Interagency coordination and collaborations with
  NSF and NASA and international partnerships
• 2009 Recovery Act enhancements

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HEP FY 2010 Highlights

• Research
• Research at the Energy Frontier funds support
  experimental collaborations at both Fermilab and
  the Large Hadron Collider.
• Research at the Cosmic Frontier funds research
  and development towards a space-based instrument
  for dark energy research as part of the Joint
  Dark Energy Mission (JDEM) with NASA.
• Research at the Intensity Frontier funds RD and
  design efforts for a Long Baseline Neutrino
  Experiment (LBNE) and associated accelerator
  upgrades and coordinated efforts for a Deep
  Underground Science and Engineering Laboratory
  (DUSEL) for a world-class program detecting very
  rare particle interactions
• Advanced Technology RDHEPs stewardship of
  accelerator RD includes research efforts in
  Superconducting Radio Frequency technology that
  continue to develop the technologies required for
  more powerful and efficient accelerators.
• Theoretical Research funds the computational
  simulations of Lattice Quantum ChromoDynamics
  (LQCD) increases to support the second phase of
  this initiative
• Facilities
• Tevatron at Fermi National Accelerator
  Laboratorycontinues to experience
  world-record-breaking luminosity capabilities
  and experiments offer unprecedented opportunities
  to find clear evidence of physics beyond the
  Standard Model
• Large Hadron Collider (LHC)funding supports LHC
  detector operations, maintenance, computing, and
  RD necessary to maintain a U.S. leadership role
  in the LHC program
• NOvA neutrino detector increased funding
  supports continued fabrication of detector, NOvA
  seeks to answer fundamental questions about the
  origins of mass
• Neutrinos at the Main Injector (NuMI) beamline at
  Fermilab will support ongoing neutrino
  experiments

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Fusion Energy Sciences (FES)

• FES Mission To advance the fundamental
  understanding of matter at very high temperatures
  and densities and develop the scientific
  foundations needed for a fusion energy source
• Priorities
• Advance fundamental plasma science, spanning
  plasmas at low temperatures to those at
  achievable extremes of pressure and temperature
• Understand the science of magnetically-confined
  plasmas to ultimately create, confine, and
  control a self-sustaining burning plasma
• Develop the fundamental understanding to
  fabricate materials that can withstand the
  material-plasma interface and to develop other
  enabling technologies needed for a sustainable
  fusion energy source
• Conceive, construct, and operate open-access
  scientific user facilities that advance plasma
  and fusion energy science participate in the
  design and construction of ITER
• Program Planning Factors for FY 2010
• Significant effort will be focused on providing
  solutions to high-priority ITER issues, preparing
  the comprehensive FES strategic plan, and
  completing the planning for the fusion simulation
  program.
• Scientific Workshops and Reports
• Advancing the Science of High Energy Density
  Laboratory Plasmas (FESAC/Jan 2009)
• Report of the FESAC Toroidal Alternates Panel
  (FESAC/Nov 2008)
• Review of the DOE Plan for U.S. Fusion Community
  Participation in the ITER Program (National
  Research Council/Jul 2008)
• Priorities, Gaps and Opportunities Towards a
  Long-Range Strategic Plan for Magnetic Fusion
  Energy (FESAC/Oct 2007)
• Plasma Science-Advancing Knowledge in the
  National Interest (National Research
  Council/2007)
• NSF/DOE Partnership in Basic Plasma Science and
  Engineering
• RD coordination with NNSA in the area of high
  energy density laboratory plasmas
• 2009 Recovery Act enhancements

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FES FY 2010 Highlights

• Research
• Research at Major Domestic FacilitiesDIII-D,
  Alcator C-Mod, and NSTXwill continue to focus on
  providing solutions to key highpriority ITER
  issues and build a firm scientific basis for ITER
  design and operation.
• Fusion Simulation Program planning activities
  increase.
• High Energy Density Laboratory Plasmas (HEDLP)
  Joint Program between FES and NNSA commenced in
  FY 2008 leverages NNSA experimental facilities to
  advance HED science, including fast ignition,
  laser-plasma interaction, magnetized high energy
  density plasmas, plasma jets, and warm dense
  matter.
• Plasma Science Centersacademic centers of
  excellence that focus on fundamental issues of
  widely recognized importance to plasma science
  while training the next generation of plasma
  scientists are funded in FY 2010.
• A robust portfolio of Alternative Concept
  Experiments will continue to explore the science
  of magnetic plasma confinement optimization
  through a variety of novel confinement concepts
  with plasma densities spanning twelve orders of
  magnitude.
• Facilities
• Operations and Maintenance of Major Domestic
  Facilities are fully funded to provide for
  enhancements of the major fusion research
  facilitiesAlcator C-Mod, DIII-D, and NSTXto
  meet the needs of the scientific collaborators
  using the facilities.
• ITER is funded to support the U.S. share of the
  construction phase
• Matter in Extreme Conditions (LCLS End Station)
  is fully funded through the Recovery Act to
  explore the science of materials under extreme
  temperatures and pressures.
• An Upgrade of NSTX is begun to double the
  magnetic field and current and possibly add a
  second neutral beam heating system to increase
  the pulse length the Conceptual Design Report
  and CD-1 are planned for FY 2010

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FES in Pictures
Simulation of particle transport in a tokamak
(ORNL)
3D simulations of RF heating in plasmas
representative of the ITER fusion reactor as well
as tokamaks such as the NSTX (ORNL)
NSTX plasma (PPPL)
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Workforce Development for Teachers and
Scientists (WDTS)

• WDTS Mission To help DOE and the Nation have a
  sustained pipeline of highly trained science,
  technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM)
  individuals for the U.S. workforce.
• Priorities
• Increase participation of under-represented
  students and faculty in STEM energy-and-environmen
  t education and careers, using opportunities
  afforded by the DOE national laboratories
• Contribute to the development of STEM K-16
  educators through experiential-based programs
• Provide mentored research experiences to
  undergraduate students and faculty through
  participation in the DOE research enterprise
• Provide graduate fellowships for the pursuit of
  advanced degrees in scientific disciplines that
  prepare U.S. students for careers important to
  the Office of Science mission
• Program Planning Factors for FY 2010
• Significant effort will be spent in preparing to
  initiate SC-wide graduate fellowships program
• Efforts informed by External Review of WDTS
  program by panel of STEM experts (2009)
• Interagency coordination on science education
  through the National Science and Technology
  Council and collaborations with the National
  Science Foundation, the National Aeronautics and
  Atmospheric Administration, the Federal Aviation
  Administration, and other agencies.
• Coordination with Office of Science programs and
  the DOE applied technology programs.
• 2009 Recovery Act enhancements

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31
WDTS FY 2010 Highlights

• Student Programs
• Student Undergraduate Research Internshipsfunding
  in FY 2010 will support 570 student internships
  at the DOE national laboratories, up from 365 in
  FY 2009. Students spend an intensive 10-16 weeks
  working under the mentorship of resident
  scientists.
• Community College Institute of Science and
  Technologyfunding in FY 2010 will support 115
  students for mentored research internships at the
  DOE laboratories, up from 48 students in FY 2009.
• Pre-service Teachersfunding in FY 2010 will
  double the number of undergraduate students
  participating in research internships at the DOE
  laboratories to 60. Participating students are
  preparing for careers as K-12 STEM educators.
• The National Science Bowlcontinues the annual
  regional and national competitions for middle
  school and high school students. The NSB annually
  attracts over 22,000 high-achieving high school
  and middle school students every year.
• Educator Programs
• DOE Academies Creating Teacher Scientistssupports
  220 middle school and high school educators for
  intensive mentored research experiences at the
  DOE national laboratories.
• Albert Einstein Distinguished Educator
  Fellowshipsupports 6 Fellows in FY 2010.
• Faculty and Student Teamssupports more than 60
  faculty from Minority Serving Institutions in FY
  2010.
• Workforce Development Programs
• Graduate Fellowshipsthe Office of Science will
  initiate a graduate fellowships programs in FY
  2010 to support students pursing advanced degrees
  in fields important to the Office of Science
  mission.

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WDTS in Pictures
2009 National Science Bowl
Mira Loma High School from Sacramento, Calif.
33
Science Laboratory Infrastructure (SLI)

• SLI Mission To support scientific and technology
  innovation at the Office of Science (SC)
  laboratories by funding and supporting
  mission-ready infrastructure and fostering safe
  and environmentally responsible operations.
  Paramount among these is the provision of
  infrastructure necessary to ensure world
  leadership by the SC national laboratories in
  basic scientific research now and in the future.
• FY 2010 Highlights
• The Laboratory Modernization Initiativeincreases
  funding in FY 2010 to continue the ten-year
  capital improvement plan to revitalize the 10 SC
  laboratories. The initiative currently includes
  approximately 35 projects.
• New projects funded in FY 2010
• Research Support Building and Infrastructure
  Modernization (SLAC)
• Energy Science Building (ANL)
• Renovate Science Laboratories, Phase II (BNL)
• On-going projects with FY 2010 funding
• Seismic Life-Safety, Modernization, and
  Replacement of General Purpose Buildings, Phase
  II (LBNL)
• Interdisciplinary Science Building, Phase I
  (BNL)
• Technology and Engineering Development Facility
  (TJNAF)
• Continued Stewardship Support for the Oak Ridge
  Reservation and Federal facilities in Oak Ridge
• Continued Payments in Lieu of Taxes (PILT) to
  local communities around ANL, BNL, and ORNL
• Discontinued funding for excess facilities

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34
SLI FY 2010 Budget(FY 200866.861M FY 2009
145.380M FY2009 ARRA198.114M FY 2010
133.6M)

• Infrastructure Support funds the cleanup and
  removal of excess facilities at the SC
  laboratories, SC stewardship responsibilities for
  over 24,000 acres of the Oak Ridge Reservation,
  and the Federal facilities in the town of Oak
  Ridge and PILT
• Excess Facilities Disposition. Bevatron DD
  funding is completed in FY2009 funding for
  projects other than the Bevatron was discontinued
  in FY 2009. Any SC excess facilities are now to
  be transferred to EM for disposition, completed
  with overhead funds, or addressed in the
  Infrastructure Modernization Initiative projects.
  FY 2009 funding includes 10M for cleanup efforts
  at ANL per Congressional direction (FY20088.8M
  FY200924.8M ARRA14.3M FY20100M)
• Oak Ridge Landlord. (FY20085.033M
  FY20095.079M FY20105.079M)
• Payments in Lieu of Taxes. (FY20081.506M
  FY20091.385M FY20101.520M)
• Construction funds line item construction
  projects. Projects are selected using a
  collaborative approach involving SC Site Offices,
  Laboratory Chief Operating Officers, the SC
  Deputy Director for Field Operations and the SC
  Programs. Projects are evaluated and prioritized
  based upon mission relevance, amount of deferred
  maintenance reduction, amount of excess
  infrastructure eliminated, return on investment,
  and level of institutional commitment.
• Ongoing and New Projects in FY 2010
• Research Support Building and Infrastructure
  Modernization (SLAC) (FY20080M FY20090M
  FY20108.9M)
• Energy Science Building (ANL) (FY20080M
  FY20090M FY201010.0M)
• Renovate Science Laboratories, Phase II (BNL)
  (FY20080M FY20090M FY20107.0M)
• Seismic Life-Safety, Modernization, and
  Replacement of General Purpose Buildings, Phase
  II (LBNL) (FY20080M FY200912.495M
  ARRA15.0M FY201034.027M)
• Interdisciplinary Science Building, Phase I (BNL)
  (FY20080M FY20098.24M ARRA18.673M
  FY201039.387M)
• Technology and Engineering Development Facility
  (TJNAF) (FY20080M FY20093.7M
  FY201027.687M)
• Ongoing Projects with Funding Completed in FY
  2009
• Modernization of Laboratory Facilities (ORNL)
  (FY20089.329M FY200925.103M ARRA60.568M
  FY20100M)
• Physical Sciences Facility (PNNL)
  (FY200824.773M FY200952.775M FY20100M)
• Renovate Science Laboratory, Phase I (BNL)
  (FY20088.2M FY20096.642M FY20100M)
• Seismic Safety Upgrade of Buildings, Phase I
  (LBNL) (FY20089.272M FY20092.617M
  FY20100M)
• OSTI Facility Improvements (FY20080.0M
  FY20092.5M FY20100.0M)

35
SLI in Pictures
Research Support Building and Infrastructure
Modernization, SLAC Preliminary TEC Range 80M -
96M This project will integrate the labs
Accelerator Physics community across programmatic
boundaries and will provide more uniform service
(training, ESH, business services) for the
lab-wide user community. Project scope includes
the construction of a modern office building for
technical staff currently dispersed throughout
the site in aged trailers and other inefficient
locations and modernization of three facilities
for operations staff supporting the research
mission.
Renovate Science Labs 2, BNL Preliminary TEC
Range 45M - 50M This project will upgrade and
rehabilitate obsolete systems in Buildings 510
(Physics) and 555 (Chemistry). Although the
basic core and shell construction of these
buildings is sound, the lab and office spaces and
their utilities and environmental support systems
are obsolete.
Energy Sciences Building, ANL Preliminary TEC
Range 84.5M - 95M Scope includes construction
of a new multidisciplinary Energy Sciences
Building that will provide efficient and modern
research space to serve an interdisciplinary
science community working to discover and develop
alternative approaches to energy production,
storage and utilization.
36
Science Program Direction (SCPD)

• SCPD Mission To provide and sustain a skilled
  Federal workforce to provide oversight for the
  5B Office of Science (SC) portfolio and the 10
  DOE Laboratories that report to the SC.
• SC Headquarters (HQ) staff is responsible for
  scientific program strategic planning, program
  budget formulation, program implementation and
  execution, and management across the broad sweep
  of scientific disciplines and program offices.
• Site Office personnel, located at each of the 10
  DOE/SC laboratories, are responsible for the
  day-to-day oversight of the management and
  operating contract performance.
• The Integrated Support Center, operated in
  partnership by the Chicago and Oak Ridge Offices,
  provides administrative, business, and technical
  support across the entire SC enterprise.
• Federal staff at the Office of Scientific and
  Technical Information fulfill the Departments
  legislative mandate to provide public access to
  the results of DOE research programs.
• Program Planning Factors for FY 2010
• Increasing workload as a result of (1) increased
  SC funding from the FY 2009 Omnibus
  Appropriation (2) the FY 2009 ARRA funding (3)
  additional oversight required of construction
  projects and (4) significant additional
  responsibilities asked of SC by Secretary Chu for
  interactions with the DOE technology offices.
• 17 Committee of Visitors reports since FY 2002
  have called for additional Program Managers and
  support staff at HQ for virtually all Program
  Offices.
• SC succession planning31 of SC employees become
  retirement eligible by FY 2010.
• Benchmark and Workload/Workforce Analysis Studies
  are underway to compare SC organizational
  structure and budgets to a comparable government
  scientific agency (i.e., NIH) and identify
  relationships between workload indicators,
  staffing requirements, and budget allocations.

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37
SCPD FY 2010 Budget(FY 2008177.8M FY
2009186.7M FY 2010 213.7M)

• Salaries and Benefits Salaries and benefits
  funding in FY 2010 supports 1,149 Federal FTEs,
  this is an increase of 83 FTEs from FY 2009.
  (FY2008129.5M FY2009138.8M FY2010155.9M)
• Travel Includes all transportation, subsistence,
  and incidental travel expenses of SCs Federal
  employees and Advisory Committee members in
  accordance with the Federal Travel Regulations.
  Enables Federal staff to conduct necessary site
  visits and programs reviews to effectively manage
  a broad spectrum of scientific disciplines and
  ensure implementation of DOE requirements.
  (FY20083.8M FY20094.6M FY20105.2M)
• Support Services Includes contracts to provide
  both technical expertise and general
  administrative services and activities.
  (FY200822.8M FY200919.0M FY201024.3M)
• Other Provides for common Department HQ
  administrative services including rent and
  building operations, phone services, network
  connectivity, supplies/equipment,
  printing/graphics, photocopying, and operation
  and maintenance of grants management software
  systems. (FY200821.7M FY200924.3M
  FY201028.3M)

38
Safeguards and Security (SS)

• SS Mission To support the conduct of the DOE
  research missions at the Office of Science
  laboratories by ensuring the appropriate levels
  of protections against unauthorized access,
  theft, diversion, loss of custody, destruction of
  DOE assets, or hostile acts that may cause
  adverse impacts on fundamental science, national
  security, the health and safety of DOE and
  contractor employees, the public, and the
  environment.
• Safeguards and Security functions
• Protective Forcessecurity officers/access
  control officers
• Security Systemspersonnel, equipment, hardware
  and software structures, and procedures used to
  protect SS interests
• Information Securitypolicies and procedures for
  identifying, marking, and protecting classified
  and sensitive unclassified information and
  materials
• Cyber Securityprotection of computing resources
  and data against unauthorized access
• Personnel Securityexecution of policies and
  procedures for granting access to classified
  material, and granting Foreign National access to
  DOE facilities.
• Material Control and Accountabilitysystems and
  procedures necessary to establish and track
  nuclear material inventories, control access to
  and detect loss or diversion of nuclear material.
  
• Program Managementsecurity policy oversight and
  administration for general requirements

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39
SS FY 2010 Budget(FY 200875.9M FY 2009
80.6M FY 2010 83.0M)

• Budget Request by Site Supports Protective
  Forces, Security Systems, Information Security,
  Cyber Security, Personnel Security, Material
  Control and Accountability, and Program
  Management (oversight and administration of
  requirements).
• Ames Laboratory (FY20080.9M FY20091.0M
  FY20101.0M)
• Argonne National Laboratory (FY20088.6M
  FY20098.5M FY20108.7M)
• Brookhaven National Laboratory (FY200810.9M
  FY200911.3M FY201011.5M)
• Chicago Office (FY20082.0M FY20091.6M
  FY20100.0M)
• Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory
  (FY20082.2M FY20091.7M FY20103.4M)
• Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
  (FY20085.0M FY20095.0M FY20105.1M)
• Oak Ridge National Laboratory (FY20087.6M
  FY20099.0M FY20108.9M)
• Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education
  (FY20081.7M FY20091.6M FY20101.6M)
• Oak Ridge Office (FY200818.6M FY200918.7M
  FY201019.2M)
• Office of Science and Technology Information
  (FY20080.6M FY20090.5M FY20100.5M)
• Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
  (FY200811.1M FY200911.2M FY201011.2M)
• Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory
  (FY20082.4M FY20092.1M FY20102.1M)
• SLAC National Accelerator Facility (FY20082.6M
  FY20092.5M FY20102.6M)
• Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
  (FY20081.6M FY20091.3M FY20101.3M)
• Other (supports continuation and management of
  consistent cyber security across SC laboratory
  complex and other SS activities) (FY20080.1M
  FY20094.6M FY20105.9M)