An Age of Limits and The Conservative Tide

1
An Age of Limitsand The Conservative Tide

• Chapters
• 32 33

2
Conservative v. Liberal

• Conservative
• Definition Favoring traditional views and
  values tending to oppose change.
• Prefers
• Republican Candidates
• Small Government
• Staying out of Business and Personal Lives
• Liberal
• Definition Favoring proposals for reform, open
  to new ideas for progress, and tolerant of the
  ideas and behavior of others broad-minded
• Prefers
• Democratic Candidates
• Big Government
• Regulation of Business and Personal Lives

3
Changing Times (Economy)

• Factory Jobs Leaving the Country
• Outsourcing
• Manufacturing Jobs replaced by Service Jobs
• Assembly Line Jobs v. Desk Jobs
• Complex Markets
• Overseas competition
• Global Trade
• Your competitor is no longer just the local store

4
Environmental Activism

• Americans Realize their Everyday Behavior and
  Industrial Growth is Damaging the Environment.
• Love Canal, Lois Gibbs
• Niagara Falls, NY
• Chemical Dumping into Canal
• Houses built on top
• Kids getting Sick
• Silent Spring, Rachel Carson
• Growing Use of Pesticides
• 1972 U.S. Outlaws DDT.
• Nixon Good for the Earth?
• Earth Day
• April 22, (1970)
• EPA (Environmental Protection Agency)
• Power to set and ENFORCE pollution standards
• Alaska
• Found Oil in 1968
• Set aside Millions of acres of land for Tribal
  use and Conservation
• Nuclear Energy
• Dangers v. Advantages (Three Mile Island, p1029)

5
Richard M. Nixon

• 1968 Elected President
• Age of Limits
• Ended the War in Vietnam
• New Federalism
• Limit federal power and give it to state and
  local governments
• Revenue Sharing State and local share, Feds stay
  out.
• Increase spending
• Medicad
• Medicare
• Food Stamps
• Eliminated programs and Funding
• Job Corps.
• Housing and Urban Development
• Impounded 15 billion, 100 Federal Programs

6
Republican Southern Strategy

• Nixon (Republican) won the 68 election with less
  than 1 majority
• Wanted to turn the south Republican for the 72
  election
• Southern Democrats - Big Tent Party
• Southern Conservatives - Proud of Slave Heritage
• Southern Liberals New Deal Democrats
• Nixon's Strategy
• Slows School Integration
• Brown v. Board
• Worked to Reverse Civil Rights Policies
• Opposed Bussing
• Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg B.O.E.

7
Economic Recession

• Stagflation
• High inflation and High Unemployment
• Due to
• Deficit Spending
• Dependence on Foreign Oil
• OPEC
• International competition
• Flood of Immigrants
• New workers

8
Foreign Policy

• Henry Kissinger Special advisor to President on
  Foreign Affairs
• Realpolitik
• Political Realism
• Power not morals
• Détente
• Ease cold war tensions
• Nixon visits China and Moscow
• SALT I treaty Limits Nuclear Arms

9
Henry Kissinger

• "Previous Kissingerian forays into realpolitik
  have placed the US into some of history's ugliest
  footnotes support for the intemperate Shah of
  Iran the bombing of civilians in Vietnam and
  ultimate destabilization of Southeast Asia
  kidnap, murder, assassination, and coup in Chile
  the liquidation of hundreds of thousands of
  'leftists' in Indonesia a coup in Guatemala that
  led to four decades of mayhem and butchery
  legally dubious escapades in Nicaragua
  complicity in the slaughter of uncountable
  Catholic laypeople, clergy, and religious in El
  Salvador support of Saddam Hussein as a balance
  against Iran, followed by a war against an overly
  ambitious Hussein, culminating in the shameful
  abandonment of Kurds and Shiites foolish enough
  to join a U.S.-instigated uprising.

10
Watergate Scandal

• CRP (CReeP)
• Committee to Re-Elect the President
• Burglars at DNC headquarters caught, June 17,
  1972.
• Photograph Documents
• Place Wiretaps Bugs
• The Cover Up
• CRP pays out over 450,000 to the Burglars to
  keep quiet.
• Nixon refuses to cooperate
• Didnt want to release taped conversations from
  the White House.
• Nixons Argument - Would possibly violate
  National Security.
• November, 74 Nixon says I am not a Crook
• July, 74 Supreme Court orders the tapes
  released
• July, 74 House begins impeachment proceedings
• August 5th, 74 - Released tapes with huge gaps.
  (18 mins.)
• August 8th 74 Nixon Resigns without admitting
  guilt.
• September, 74 Ford Pardons Nixon
• All the Presidents Men
• Movie about Woodward and Bernstein

11
Gerald Ford

• A Ford not a Lincoln
• Admitting his limitations
• Economic Policy
• Whip Inflation Now
• Told Americans to, but gave no incentives to cut
  back oil and gas use
• Worst economic recession in 40 Yrs.
• Foreign Policy
• Continued Nixons Détente with
  China and Soviet Union
• Turmoil in SE Asia tried to help
  Vietnam but Congress refused

12
Jimmy Carter

• I will never tell a lie to the American People
• Showcasing his farmer roots
• Fireside Chats
• Economic Policy
• Introduced Energy Conservation but the oil, gas,
  and auto industries fought against all of them
• National Energy Act Slightly eased dependence on
  Foreign Oil.
• 1980 Inflation reaches 14, Highest in 30 yrs.
• Foreign Policy
• Commitment to Human Rights . . .
• Inconsistent with Dictators and Communists
• Brazil and Argentina - Cut Aid
• Nicaragua Did not Cut Aid
• South Korea and Philippines Gave Aid
• Collapse of Détente SALT II died
• Camp David Accords
• Iran Hostage Crisis

13
Ronald Reagan

• I didnt leave the Democratic Party, it left me
• Showcasing his everyman Attitude
• No one wanted Hand Outs. Bussing, Entitlement
  Programs
• People wanted
• Small Government
• Family values (Christian Fundamentalist)
• Laissez-faire capitalism
• Strong National Defense
• Conservative Grass Roots Movements
• The New Right
• Social Issues
• The Conservative Coalition
• Business Leaders
• Think Tanks - Heritage Foundation
• The Moral Majority
• Jerry Falwell and Pat Robertson
• Evangelical Christian TV

14
Ronald Reagan

• It is a recession when your neighbor losses his
  job, it is a depression when you loss yours, and
  a recovery when Jimmy Carter loses his.
• Example of his candor, why people loved him.
• 1980 Election Reagan Wins
• Former Actor - Charming
• Conservative
• Economic Recession
• Iran Hostage Crisis
• Reaganomics
• Supply-Side or Trickle-Down Economics
• Cut Federal Government Spending for the POOR
• Mass Transit
• Food Stamps
• Welfare Benefits
• Job Training
• School Lunches
• School Loans
• Medicaid
• Mental Health Facilities