ACR Enumeration Terry.ColeAMD.Com Fellow Advanced Development Lab AMD

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ACR EnumerationTerry.Cole_at_AMD.Com
FellowAdvanced Development LabAMD
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(No Transcript)
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Purpose

• This 45-minute presentation walks through the
  device enumeration process for ACR risers, with
  examples
• Guidelines are presented for BIOS vendors and ACR
  riser device driver vendors, as well as
  motherboard and riser hardware vendors, that will
  make device enumeration work

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ACR Enumeration

• Introduction
• Enumeration architecture
• Enumeration procedure
• Examples
• Guidelines for driver andBIOS developers
• What can you do next?

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ACR EnumerationIntroduction
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Introduction To Risers

• Risers deliver functions needing connectors
• More integrated than PCI cards, USB peripherals,
  and typically less cost
• Less integrated and more flexible than
  mother-board down solutions
• Motherboard down soldered to planar
• Examples
• Existing soft audio and modem codecs from
  multiple IP sources
• New complete functions like networking, DSL,
  cable solutions

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Example Risers

• AMR, MDC, CNR, ACR
• Serial/parallel port risers andUSB port risers

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Introduction To ACR

• ACR Advanced Communication Riser
• A 2nd generation riser
• AMR is the 1st generation riser
• Group open to all in the industry
• Goals of ACR SIG
• Foster diverse and scalable comm, network and
  audio solutions
• Reuse industry technology, components
• Compatibility with existing OS
• Fit into existing compliance test strategies

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ACR Riser
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ACR Risers
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Scaleable Solution

• Desktop
• V.90
• 2 Ch audio

• Residential Client
• V.90
• 10/100Base-T
• HomePNA 1 or 2
• 2 Ch audio

• Residential Gateway
• V.90
• 10/100Base-T
• HomePNA 1 or 2
• DSL/Cable
• Multi-Channel Audio

• Three ACR Risers
• ACR.Basic - Desktop
• ACR.Lite - Client
• ACR.Hub - Gateway

One ACR Motherboard
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Value To Driver Owners

• Unique Plug and Play IDs are enabled
• Ensures specific drivers are loaded
• Gives more control to hardware owners
• Chipset and motherboard components can be
  generic, many PHY and device vendors
• PHY and riser components can more easily adapt to
  multiple controllers
• Helps avoid multi-function drivers
• No new paradigms or wholesale driver rewrites
  required!

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ACR EnumerationArchitecture
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ArchitectureIntroduction

• The ACR specification provides enumeration
  mechanism to identify all ACR components to
• BIOS
• OS
• Software device drivers
• Ensures that
• Device operating parameters are correctlyset by
  the BIOS
• Correct set of drivers is loaded by the OS
• Additional vendor-defined information
  isavailable to the device driver

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ArchitectureEnumeration Functions

• ACR enumeration has threedistinct steps
• Inventory
• Marriage
• Configuration

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Enumeration FunctionsInventory step

• Riser related resources on MB arelisted in BIOS
  storage
• Chipset controllers (network, audio, )
• Motherboard down controllers
• Each appears as a PCI based controller
• Components on the riser are described in a serial
  ROM device
• Network PHYs, modem and audio codecs
• USB devices, serial devices, IPB devices
• Each device attached to an ACR bus

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Device InventoryBy buses

• Devices are listed by bus and function
• Bus AC-Link, USB, ACR Serial, Primary MII,
  Secondary MII, GPSI, 7WS, IPB

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Device InventoryBy function

• Devices are listed by bus and function
• Function
• Riser, Sound, Modem, HPNA, Ethernet, DSL,
  Wireless, Cable Modem, Other

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Device InventoryACR Serial Bus
ACR
System

• Two wire SMBus 1.0 compliant
• Serial Data and Clock, no third control signal
• EPROM at A7 or B0
• Use Controller or GPIO

Card
Motherboard
Vdd
Vdd
pullups
SCL
SMBus/I2C
Serial
Host
EEPROM
Controller Or GPIO
SDA
other
devices
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Device InventorySerial EPROM Data

• EPROM data image looks similar to a linked list
• Data format is variable length

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Enumeration FunctionsMarriage step

• Mapping of each riser resource to a MB resource
  determined by ACR function number one
  function per bus
• Added requirements may be placed on PCI Vendor ID
  in EPROM
• Added requirements may be contained by executable
  code in EPROM
• Runtime environment provided by BIOS
• Complete device motherboard riser
• Will be configured with unique andproper
  identities

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Enumeration FunctionsConfiguration step

• Setup of controller to match riser
• Vendor and Device ID copied from riser to PCI
  config space
• Subsystem Vendor and Subsystem ID copied from
  riser to PCI config space
• Optionally, PCI class, PCI latency, and PCI power
  management can also be copied

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Enumeration FunctionsConfiguration step

• Controllers are disabled if no riser resource is
  present
• Controllers that may not be functionalare also
  disabled
• Example, AC-97 configuration issues such as
  primary/secondary clock source conflicts

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Net Result Of Enumeration

• All special activity is pre-boot, making it
  compatible with existing OS
• Unique Plug and Play IDs are enabled, a
  combination of motherboard/riser ID
• BIOS not specific to riser
• Marriages of risers to controllers can be
  restricted by either party
• Unused components in highly integrated
  chipset/motherboard pose fewer issues
• Invisible to OS and user

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Examples

• Useful enumeration pairings
• Modem codec works with allgeneric controllers
• MAC on motherboard works only if a compatible PHY
  on riser
• HPNA PHY works if only one of several compatible
  controllers on motherboards
• DSL controller on motherboard worksonly if
  specific riser in system
• If it doesnt work, it doesnt appear in the PCI
  space to OS

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ACR EnumerationProcedure
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Procedure

• Basic sequence of enumeration events
• Hardware steps
• BIOS steps
• OS steps
• Driver steps

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Hardware And BIOS

• Hardware
• At power up/reset all PCI config registers
  areset to their defaults
• Enable SMBus or GPIO
• Under BIOS control
• Search for ACR EPROM
• Validate and store EPROM contents
• Assign the parameters specified in the EPROM,
  plus its own defaults, to the PCI config space of
  each controller supported
• Disable all ACR controllers that do not have
  devices attached to them
• Make config space registers read-only

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OS And Driver

• Under operating system control
• Scan the PCI bus and match .INF files to the ID
  registers in the configuration space
• Load the appropriate device driver, pointed to
  by its entry in the INF file
• Under control of the driver
• Query the BIOS for ACR BIOS presence
• Query the BIOS for the default IDs of ACR
  function controllers
• Query the BIOS for the enumeration data or read
  it from the serial bus

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Riser Design Goals

• Riser should be designed to enumerate in any
  motherboard
• EPROM data causes controller to be disabled
  unless motherboard contains an appropriate
  controller
• Risers can be tested with
• ACR SIG draft riser test assertions, and
• ACR designated reference motherboards

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Motherboard Design Goals

• Any riser (AMR or ACR) can be plugged in and and
  it should enumerate fully
• Motherboard can be tested with
• ACR SIG draft motherboard test assertions, and
• ACR SIG designated reference risers

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ACR EnumerationExamples
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AMR Compatible Modem

• Shows AMR style, transferring only subsystem IDs
• May also include other optional items
• Riser serial number
• ACR Serial bus size of EPROM
• AC-Link Modem device checks if riser not
  compatible with all controllers

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Sound And Modem

• May include optional items like previous example
• If audio features are proprietary, may include
  device checks to make sure right controller is
  present

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Modem And HPNA

• Shows use of device check
• May also include optional latency, class, and
  power management values of PCI controller

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Modem, HPNA And Ethernet

• Note the easy modularity!

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ACR EnumerationGuidelines for Driver and BIOS
Developers
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Driver Guidelines

• Use separate Vendor/Sub-vendor IDs when
  appropriate to ensure the right driver is loaded
• Provide full and appropriate power management of
  riser resources through PCI power management
• Make use of the ACR BIOS function to query
  standard and private information (protected and
  32-bit)

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Driver Guidelines

• Provide full support for as many combinations of
  controllers and risers as appropriate
• Make use of the serial EPROM device-check
  features to ensure risers are only used with
  appropriate controllers
• Make use of the serial EPROM features to ensure
  that drivers are only used with appropriate risers

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BIOS Guidelines

• Provide AMR style enumeration as a fallback when
  AMR card insertedinto ACR slot
• Provide full description of any motherboard
  components that sharethe buses that connect to
  ACR slot
• Provide all ACR BIOS functions in both protected
  mode and 32-bit format

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BIOS Guidelines

• Follow the ACR BIOS GuidelinesApplication Note
• Pre-test BIOS against
• ACR SIG draft motherboard test assertions

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ACR EnumerationWhat Can You Do Next?
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All Development TeamsWhat can you do next?

• Use ACR instead of AMR
• Follow ACR 1.0 spec, ACR Application Notes,
  AC-97, MII, and IPB
• Identify your designs to ACR SIG
• Can be used as examples in compliance testing and
  interoperability testing
• Participate in future ACR SIG Plugfests

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Motherboard VendorsWhat can you do next?

• Consider moving to riser form-factor
• SKU-dependent connectors
• Entry level hardware that is often upgraded
• Always ship with ACR BIOS!
• Dont use designs that allow insertion of devices
  that conflict with ACR address
• Make use of protection modesas appropriate
• For more information, visit www.acrsig.org

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Minimum ACR Motherboard

• Provide the minimum motherboard connections
• USB,
• ACR serial,
• AC-97

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Motherboard VendorsWhat can you do next?

• Submit motherboards to WHQL with one of the ACR
  SIG tested risers
• They become candidates for reference boards to
  test risers independently
• Pre-test motherboards against
• ACR designated risers
• ACR SIG draft motherboard test assertions
  document
• WHQL system test
• Each appropriate WHQL functional test (modem,
  audio, networking)

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Riser VendorsWhat can you do next?

• Provide ACR serial bus plus buses for your
  functions
• Always ship risers with fully programmed EPROMs,
  including the riser company Vendor ID
• Always strive to generate unique and complete
  Plug and Play IDs, relying on enumeration where
  appropriate
• Always locate the serial EPROM at A7or B0 address

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Riser VendorsWhat can you do next?

• Use the ACR EPROM programming tool to generate
  error-free EPROM images
• Dont put Ethernet PHY or audio codec down with
  connectors on riser
• Put the PHY/codec on riser with connector
• Design all resources so their idle power fits
  within one PCI idle slot power budget, in case
  they are unpaired

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Riser VendorsWhat can you do next?

• Submit risers to WHQL with one of the ACR SIG
  tested motherboards
• They become candidates for reference risers to
  test motherboards independently
• Pre-test risers against
• ACR designated motherboards
• ACR SIG draft riser test assertions document
• Each appropriate WHQL functional test (modem,
  audio, networking)

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More InformationWhat can you do next?

• www.acrsig.org to view public information
• info_at_acrsig.org to join and gain members-only
  access and to get Plugfest information
• www.microsoft.com/hwtest for more information
  about WHQL testing

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