Transition of Student with LD From High School To College

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Transition ofStudent with LDFrom High
SchoolTo College
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Tentative Outline of Session

• JRP Info
• Critical Issues Related to Higher Education
  for Students w/LD
• Background Information
• The Transition Process
• Nature of Higher Education Life
• Managing Higher Education
• Special Considerations

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JRPs Credentials

• UVa MEd -- coursework (1972)
• Charlottesville, VA sped teacher (1974)
• UVa LD seminar (Fall 1977)
• UVa doctoral dissertation --
  faculty attitudes (1980)
• UH unofficial inhouse resource (1980)
• HCC academic support services (1982)
• LCC LD program (1983-89)
• KCC assessment issues (1988)
• JLD series adult LD (1992)
• NJCLD position paper -- ps LD (1993)
• TX Transition Planning Inv. (1997)

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JRPs Points of View

• there is a condition called learning
  disabilities
• not sure that we understand it well
• lifelong issue
• providing accommodations is reasonable, if one
  accepts LD as a valid condition
• young adults w/ LD face great challenges --
  misunderstanding being one of the greatest
• having LD does not guarantee that special
  services or accommodations will be provided

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Critical Issues
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Topics Pulled from the Headlines (Tribune
-- Sunday, 3/7/04)

• Brain boost College students
• have taken to popping Ritalin
• as a study aid Section 13
• Credit cards to students like
• steroids to athletes Sec. 5

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9 Top Difficulties H.S. to College
(Eaton, 1996)

• 1.
• 2.
• 3.
• 4.
• 5.
• 6.
• 7.
• 8.
• 9.

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9 Top Difficulties H.S. to College
(Eaton, 1996)

• unprepared to be so responsible
• all this free time
• workload overwhelming
• not know how to organize time
• making friends is difficult
• typical supports used in h.s. not available
• hesitancy to disclose learning difficulties to
  others
• inability to take courses one wants
• what to do when failing two courses late in term

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General Issues

• lack of understanding (i.e.,
  misunderstanding)
• conditions like LD have been
• surrounded by controversy
• invisibility of disability is a problem
• false positives and false negatives (e.g.,
  Boston U.)
• nature of services provided scope, quality,
  etc.
• preparation for postsecondary settings --
  transition services

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Student (w/disabilities) Issues

• inability to advocate for themselves
• stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination
  -- negative perceptions of intellectual
  ability lazy or mentally inferior
• issue of disclosure
• difference between secondary postsecondary
  education
• awareness of and access to academic/social
  supports
• access to comrades in arms

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Faculty/Staff Issues

• conceptual standoffs Is LD a physiogenic
  disorder or a socially constructed myth?
• infringement on academic freedom
• learning to live with the reality of disabilities
• in higher education either on a personal
  level or a compliance level
• treatment acceptability

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Students (wo/disabilities) Issues

• fairness of accommodations (JRP -- premed)
• social acceptance/understanding (visual
  impairment analogy)
• contrived false positives

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Background Information
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Differences Between High School and College

• Class time
• Class size
• Study time
• Tests
• Grading
• Teaching
• Freedom
• other??

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Statistics of Note

• growing recognition of more students with LD
  in higher education
• prevalence figures (1st-time
  freshman)
• with disabilities 9
• with LD 3

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Legal Bases for Addressing Needs

• Section 504 (VRA) ... substantial
  limitations in major life activities
• Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
  Title 2 --
  ... services, programs or activities of a
  public entity....
  Title 3 -- ... service or place of
  commerce or entertainment ....

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Main Event -- 2 out of 3 falls
IDEA v. Section 504/ADA
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Implications of the Transition Process
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IDEA (1997)

• mandated transition planning services
• ITP vs. IEP
• timelines
• by age 14 statement of
• transition needs
• by age 16 statement of needed
• transition services

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Adulthood Implications of the Transition Process
School-Based Activities
Family-Centered Activities
Knowledge, Skills, Supports, Service Needs
Demands of Adulthood
Personal Fulfillment
Self-Initiated Activities
Adult Services Activities
Source Patton Dunn (1998)
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Webb (2000)
Concept of goodness of fit
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Key Elements of Successful Transitions

• Comprehensive Planning
• (1) needs assessment
• (2) individual planning
• Follow Through (i.e, action)
• 3 Cs

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Transition Planning Process
teaching of knowledge/skills
Comprehensive Transition Needs Assessment
Proactive Transition Education
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Transition Planning
In-Depth Assessment of Select Areas
linkage to supports/services
1
2
Source Patton Dunn (1998)
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Knowledge/Skills competencies
addressed thru instructional goals
Supports/Services assistance
needed in adulthood addressed through
linkage goals (ITP or statement of
transition services)
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Case Study Kevin
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TransitionAssessment
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Transition Planning Areas based on 17 states

• Community Participation
• Daily Living
• Employment
• Financial/Income/Money Management
• Health
• Independent Living
• Leisure/Recreation
• Postsecondary Education
• Relationships/Social Skills
• Transportation/Mobility
• Vocational Training

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Transition Assessment for PS Ed

• Structured system of some type
• TPI
• other . . .

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TPI Level 2 Item 9
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TPI Level 2 Item 10
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Transition Assessment for PS Ed

• Structured system of some type
• TPI
• other . . .
• Informal techniques
• some type of study skills inventory

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1e 1995 2e 2004
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Academic Support Skills

• reading rate
• listening
• notetaking/
• outlining
• report writing
• oral presentations
• graphic aids
• test taking

• library usage
• reference material usage
• time management
• self-management
• organizational skills
• Internet usage

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Transition Assessment for PS Ed

• Structured system of some type
• TPI
• other . . .
• Informal techniques
• some type of study skills inventory
• Book of Checklists for Postsecondary
  Education

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Book of Checklists For Postsectondary Education
(A work in progress)
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Checklist for Getting a Safe Tatoo or Body
Pierce
__ Get the name/location of
recommended parlors from friends who
have gotten tatoos and/or piercings.
__ Find out which artist has a
waiting list. __ Visit the facility before .

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Key Elements of Transition Planning Process
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The Process(Webb, 2000)

• Deciding to attend
• Planning for
• Preparing for
• Exploring choices
• Selecting a college or university
• Applying to

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Preparing forPostsecondaryEducation
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Three Key Domains

• Academic preparation
• ( college-related vocabulary)
• Career preparation
• Personal-Social Preparation

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Selecting a College or University(TPI -- item
9)
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TPI Level 2 Item 9
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Selection Considerations

• identify ones long range goals
• recognize ones strengths and needs
• know ones rights
• check out schools on the following --
  admissions --
  nature of services --
  reasonable accommodations programmatic,
  course, and auxiliary aids
  -- nonacademic areas

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Questions to Ask
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Nature of Higher Education
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Postsecondary Ed Transition Model
Transition to Postsecondary Education
Employment
Academic
Ongoing Demands of Postsecondary Education
Social/Personal/ Self-Determination
Daily Living
Transition from Postsecondary Education
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Demands

• Academic -- content
  knowledge -- basic skills
  
• -- course-related -- support skills
• Social/behavioral -- interpersonal
  -- self-advocacy/ self-determination
• Daily living
• -- personal
• -- everyday living
• Employment

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Timeline

• Grade 8
• Grade 9
• Grade 10
• Grade 11
• Grade 12

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Managing Higher Education
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Managing Higher Education

• Services
• Program Modifications
• Reasonable Accommodations
• Natural Supports
• Self-Advocacy

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Managing Higher Education

• Services
• generic
• special

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Managing Higher Education

• Services
• Program Modifications
• Reasonable Accommodations
• program
• courses
• auxiliary aids

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What is NOT covered!

• Reduction in assignment length/
• content
• Special class sections for SWD
• Attendant
• Tutoring (an extra educational service
• NB many IHE do provide

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Managing Higher Education

• Services
• Program Modifications
• Reasonable Accommodations
• Natural Supports
• families
• friends
• peers

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Managing Higher Education

• Services
• Program Modifications
• Reasonable Accommodations
• Natural Supports
• Self-Advocacy
• knowledge
• action

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TPI Informal Instruments originally from
article in Academic Therapy
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Special Considerations

• Documentation Requirements
• Legal facts
• Successful v. Unsuccessful Students
• The forgotten transition
• Transition FROM College
• Transition Summary -- documentation

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Special Considerations

• Documentation Requirements
• Legal facts
• Successful v. Unsuccessful Students
• The forgotten transition
• Transition FROM College
• Transition Summary -- documentation

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Documentation Requirements

• Qualifications of examiner
• Recency of documentation
• Appropriate clinical documentation
• to substantiate the disability
• LD AHEAD guidelines
• ADHD DSM-IV-TR
• Evidence to establish a rationale supporting
  the need for accommodation(s)
• NB provisional coverage -- 1 semester

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Special Considerations

• Documentation Requirements
• Legal facts
• Successful v. Unsuccessful Students
• The forgotten transition
• Transition FROM College
• Transition Summary -- documentation

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Legal Facts Pertaining to College Services
Accommodations
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Special Considerations

• Documentation Requirements
• Legal facts
• Successful v. Unsuccessful Students
• The forgotten transition
• Transition FROM College
• Transition Summary -- documentation

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Characteristics of Successful vs.Unsuccessful
Postsecondary Students with LD/ADHD(Hicks-Cool
ick Kurtz, 1997)
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Successful Students
Motivation Preparation Self-Advocacy
goal-oriented determination, perseverance academi
c background knowledge of study skills
compensatory techniques self-awareness self-accep
tance knowledge of laws, policies assertiveness
skills problem-solving skills
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Unsuccessful Students -- part 1

Motivation
immaturity lack of goals or career ideas in
school to please others lack of
self-discipline procrastination
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Unsuccessful Students -- part 2

Preparation
protected in high school lack of study and time
management skills disorganization lack of
academic preparation learned helplessness
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Unsuccessful Students -- part 3

Self-Advocacy
unrealistic expectations denial of learning
disability embarrassment lack of self-esteem and
self-confidence lack of knowledge of legal
rights lack of effective communication
techniques lack of problem-solving skills
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Special Considerations

• Documentation Requirements
• Legal facts
• Successful v. Unsuccessful Students
• The forgotten transition
• Transition FROM College
• Transition Summary -- documentation

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Postsecondary Ed Transition Model
Transition to Postsecondary Education
Employment
Academic
Ongoing Demands of Postsecondary Education
Social/Personal/ Self-Determination
Daily Living
Transition from Postsecondary Education
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Special Considerations

• Documentation Requirements
• Legal facts
• Successful v. Unsuccessful Students
• The forgotten transition
• Transition FROM College
• Transition Summary -- documentation

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Resources

• Resource guides
• Professional resources
• Other . . .

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1e 1984 2e 1988
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and parents
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Thats all, yall!Thanx so much for coming
today!!