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Cyberbullying in the context of ELearning

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How technology is used. to Cyberbully. Email. Social ... Hack into account. Websites. Youtube. Blogs. Personal websites. Online Polling. Online Gaming sites ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Cyberbullying in the context of ELearning


1
Cyberbullying in the context of E-Learning
  • Nathalie Noret
  • York St John University
  • E2BN Learning Conference
  • 5th December, 2007

2
Overview
  • Cyberbullying which can occur in the context of
    E-learning
  • Prevalence
  • Nature
  • E- Learning
  • How E-Learning can be used as a tool to tackle
    Cyberbullying
  • Curriculum links
  • Resources

3
Cyberbullying
  • Study Cyberbullying within the context of
    bullying as a whole
  • Nansel et al (2004) define bullying as
  • Aggressive act
  • Experienced repeatedly over time
  • Intent to harm
  • Cambell (2005) defines cyberbullying as bullying
    which occurs through media and communication
    devices

4
Childrens use of the internet
  • European commission study on childrens internet
    use highlighted
  • Young children use the internet to play online
    games
  • As children get older
  • Boys continue to play online games
  • Girls like to use social networking sites,
    instant messenger programmes
  • At all ages children teenagers report
    frequently using the internet to find information
    for homework
  • This however was found to have lower levels of
    enjoyment attached to it

5
Prevalence of Cyberbullying
  • Ybarra Mitchell (2004)
  • Survey of 1501 adolescents in the US
  • 19 had been involved in some form of online
    aggression
  • Kowalski et al (2005)
  • Survey of 3767 adolescents in the US
  • 25 of girls and 11 of boys had been
    cyberbullied
  • Li (2006)
  • Survey of 264 Canadian adolescents
  • 25 of males and 25.6 of females had been a
    victim of cyberbullying
  • However 22.3 of males and 11.6 of females
    reported cyberbullying someone else

6
Prevalence of Cyberbullying
  • NCH
  • Survey of 770 young people
  • 20 had been cyberbullied
  • 5 in internet chat rooms, and 4 by email
  • MSN
  • Survey of 518 adolescents
  • 11 had been a victim of cyberbullying
  • Smith et al (2004)
  • 22 had been a victim of cyberbullying
  • No research to date however has been conducted on
    cyberbullying which occurs in classes

7
How technology is used to Cyberbully
  • Websites
  • Youtube
  • Blogs
  • Personal websites
  • Online Polling
  • Online Gaming sites
  • Email
  • Social Networking Sites
  • BEBO/ MySpace/ Facebook
  • Paste nasty messages
  • Create a page about someon
  • Instant Messenger
  • Such as MSN messenger
  • Send nasty messages
  • Hack into account

8
CyberbullyingBy Instant Messenger
  • Nasty threatening messages
  • From friends
  • From strangers
  • Being ignored
  • Friends can block you
  • Account can be hacked into and messages sent to
    your friends list

9
Cyberbullying usingSocial Networking Sites
  • Have your own personal page
  • Personal information
  • Usually a wall or message board
  • On these message boards where bullies post nasty
    or threatening messages

10
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11
Cyberbullying usingYoutube
  • Number of stories in the press discussing how
    videos of children being bullied are being pasted
    onto Youtube
  • Discussions under a video clip provide an
    interesting insight into bullying
  • One of the earliest and most famous cases of
    cyberbullying can still be seen on Youtube
  • The story of the Star-Wars Kid

12
Cyberbullying usingYoutube
  • The Star Wars Kid
  • Rated the most watched Viral video (BBC 2006)
  • Sent as an email attachment/ link to millions of
    people around the world
  • Become a cult classic
  • The Real Star Wars Kid Ghyslain Raza from Quebec
  • Made the video for himself
  • Stolen by friends
  • Loaded onto the net and sent to other people who
    sent it on
  • Ghyslain spent a year in psychiatric care
  • http//www.youtube.com/watch?vHPPj6viIBmU

13
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14
Cyberbullying which occurs through other webpages
  • Creation of specific website about a person
  • Rumours
  • Share persons secrets
  • Insulting
  • Invite comments
  • Send Web link to other person

15
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16
CyberbullyingHow does it differ?
  • No Escape
  • Cyberbullying does not end at school
  • Relationship between bully and victim
  • Do not always know the bully or who is actually
    doing the bullying
  • Breadth of audience
  • http//www.wiseuptoit.com.au/lauren_ordeal.html

17
Does not just affect Children/ Teenagers
18
Summary
  • Variety of tools can be used to cyberbully
  • Usually focus around
  • Distributing humiliating/ embarrassing photos
  • Sending/ Posting nasty, threatening or name
    calling messages
  • Research suggests that girls are more likely to
    be victims of cyberbullying occurring through
    social networking sites
  • Boys more likely to experience cyberbullying
    through online gaming sites
  • However research on gender differences is limited

19
  • Using E-Learning to tackle
  • Cyberbullying

20
  • Is it possible to use this technology within an
    E-learning context to tackle Cyberbullying?

21
E-Learning
Communication
Good relationships
Social Moral dilemmas
Peers
Empathy
Personal safety
Importance of media
Legal Rights
Bullying
Appropriate use of Media
ICT use in general
22
Teaching about CyberbullyingCurriculum Links
(outside ICT)
  • Citizenship
  • 1a-Legal rights
  • 1h- Importance of media
  • 2a-Topical news issue
  • 2b-Justifying views in speech and writing
  • 2c Contributing to class discussion
  • 3a- considering others experience
  • English
  • en1Group discussion and interaction
  • en3- Writing to explain, persuade and describe
  • PSHE
  • 1b-Exploring own sense of self
  • 2bKeeping healthy
  • 2cGood relationships and the need for balance
  • 2d-Understanding the need and value for laws and
    rules
  • 3a-Bullying
  • 3b-Empathy
  • 3c-Nature of Friendship
  • 3e-Friendship and family pressures
  • 4g-Social and moral dilemmas

Taken From B-Aware Teacher Notes
23
Tackling Cyberbullying
  • DCFS in their new guidance set out a number of
    ways to tackle cyberbullying
  • Amend AUP and Anti-Bullying Policies
  • Monitor the prevalence nature of ICT within
    school
  • Increase awareness of Cyberbullying
  • Increase understanding of Cyberbullying

24
Tackling Cyberbullying
  • DCFS in their new guidance set out a number of
    ways to tackle cyberbullying
  • Amend AUP and Anti-Bullying Policies
  • Monitor the prevalence nature of ICT within
    school
  • Increase awareness of Cyberbullying
  • Increase understanding of Cyberbullying

25
Monitor
  • Securus and other monitoring software
  • Monitor activity of ICT use in schools
  • Can the screen shots produced be incorporated
    into teaching?
  • Use violation information as the basis of class
    discussions
  • Appropriate ICT use
  • Appropriate communication
  • Bullying Peer relationships

26
Monitor
  • Cyberbullying survey
  • Regularly collect and analyse information
  • on the incidence of bullying, taking full
  • account of pupils views
  • OFSTED (2003), pg 3
  • The department and local authorities should work
    towards creating a culture where schools are open
    about any bullying taking place within them. We
    recommend that all local authorities, in
    partnership with schools, develop a robust system
    for the collation, evaluation and reporting of
    bullying for the purpose of effectively improving
    and tackling the management of this issue across
    all schools in their area.
  • Commons Parliamentary Select Committee (2007), pg
    35

27
Monitor
  • Cyberbullying survey
  • Can focus on cyberbullying in schools
  • Alternatively the whole topic of bullying in
    school with questions on cyberbullying as part of
    the survey
  • Online tools www.surveymonkey.com
  • Pupils involved in discussions in the creation of
    tools to measure problem behaviours within school

28
Increase Awareness understanding
  • Definition problems
  • Pupils understandings
  • Provide examples of cyberbullying (as perceived
    by adults!)
  • Screen shots provided by monitoring software
  • Published research
  • Youtube
  • Screen shots from Social Networking sites

29
(No Transcript)
30
Contact Details
  • Nathalie Noret
  • Faculty of Health and Life Sciences
  • York St John University College
  • Lord Mayors Walk
  • York
  • YO31 7EX
  • (01904) 876311
  • n.noret_at_yorksj.ac.uk

31
References
  • http//ec.europa.eu/information_society/activities
    /sip/docs/eurobarometer/qualitative_study_2007/sum
    mary_report_en.pdf
  • http//www.wiseuptoit.com.au/lauren_ordeal.html
  • http//www.youtube.com/watch?vXyvCEGkroT4
  • http//www.youtube.com/watch?v8iIUgVVcpig
  • http//www.youtube.com/watch?v8af1MWUwKdU
  • http//www.youtube.com/watch?vu215XyQZjAs
  • http//www.youtube.com/watch?vYxKYU3SIDhI
  • http//www.youtube.com/watch?vtQkG7zaaSgs
  • http//www.youtube.com/watch?v7fdHOsde9qI
  • http//www.wiseuptoit.com.au/lauren_ordeal.html
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