WATERWAY RISK ASSESSMENT

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WATERWAY RISK ASSESSMENT
WATERWAY NAME

• WATERWAYS MANAGEMENT PLANNING TODAYTO BE READY
  FOR TOMORROW

PAWSA
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SPONSOR INTRODUCTION

• Welcome
• Workshop objectives
• Why you were selected

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AGENDA
Day One AM Workshop Overview PAWSA
Background Risk Model Definitions Expertise
Evaluation Rating Scales Evaluation Day One
PM Discuss and Evaluate Waterway Risks
Day Two AM Discuss and Evaluate Existing
Mitigations Day Two PM Discuss and Evaluate New
Risk Mitigations Re-evaluate Expertise Workshop
Critique
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PAWSA PROCESS
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WATERWAY RISK MODEL
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Book 1TEAM EXPERTISE
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Book 2RISK FACTOR RATING SCALES
How much riskier is the condition on the right
than the condition on the left?
Vessel ConditionsDeep Draft Vessel Quality
(Circle one number on each line)
Nearly 100 of deep draft vessels operate safely
90 of deep draft vessels operate safely
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
90 of deep draft vessels operate safely
80 of deep draft vessels operate safely
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
80 of deep draft vessels operate safely
70 or less of deep draft vessels operate safely
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Equally Somewhat Much More
Extremely Risky More Risky
Risky More Risky
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Book 3BASELINE RISK LEVELS
Check the block that best describes the condition
in this waterway
Vessel Conditions
Deep Draft Vessel Quality
Nearly 100 of deep draft vessels operate safely
90 of deep draft vessels operate safely
80 of deep draft vessels operate safely
70 or less of deep draft vessels operate safely
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Book 4 MITIGATION EFFECTIVENESS
  VESSEL CONDITIONS   Deep Draft Vessel
Quality 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Yes No Shallow Draft
Vessel Quality 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Yes No Commercia
l Fishing Vessel Quality 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Yes No
Small Craft Quality 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Yes No TR
AFFIC CONDITIONS   Volume of Commercial
Traffic 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Yes No Volume of Small
Craft Traffic 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Yes No Traffic
Mix 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Yes No Congestion 1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8 9 Yes No
Risks / Mitigations Balanced?
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Book 5 ADDITIONAL MITIGATIONS
RISK CATEGORY Risk Factor Coordination /
Planning ____________________ 1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8 9 Voluntary
Training ____________________ 1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8 9 Rules
Procedures ____________________ 1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8 9 Enforcement ____________
________ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
9 Nav / Hydro Info ____________________ 1 2
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Radio
Communications ____________________ 1 2 3
4 5 6 7 8 9 Active Traffic
Management ____________________ 1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8 9 Waterway
Changes ____________________ 1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8 9 Other Actions ____________
________ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
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VESSEL TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT

• NAVRULES / COLREGS
• Ships Routing Measures
• Port Access Route Studies
• TSS / Fairways
• Navigation Regulations
• Equipment Carriage
• Bridge-to-Bridge Radio
• Navigation Equipment (SOLAS V)
• IMO IALA Membership
• Nav VTS IALA Committees
• Vessel Traffic Services
• VTSs and Cooperative Partnerships
• Ports Waterways Safety System
• Ports Waterways Safety Assessments

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PAWSA BACKGROUND

• VTS Congressional mandate
• Identify minimum user requirements in
  consultation with local stakeholders
• Review private / public partnerships
• USCG convenes National Dialog Group
• Major maritime interests

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NDG TASKS

• Identify mariner information needs
• Define a VTS baseline
• Develop a process for determining where vessel
  traffic management (VTM) needs to be improved

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NDG THREE KEYS

• Involve users stakeholders
• Tailor specific actions
• Address risks
• Solution ? Waterway Risk Model

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PAWSA

• Methodical analytical approach to risk
  management
• Understand local issues through local input
• Define the current state
• Identify quantify risks
• Evaluate the effectiveness of existing measures
• Develop future mitigation strategies
• Credible / defensible
• Gather info for investment decisions

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PAWSAs COMPLETED
Haro Strait / Boundary Pass
Sault Ste. Marie
Long Island Sound
Lower Columbia River
Coos Bay
Portland
Detroit
Boston
Buzzards Bay
Cincinnati
Narragansett Bay
Louisville
Baltimore
San Francisco
Hampton Roads
LA/LB
Charleston
Pascagoula
Berwick Bay
San Diego
Mobile
Port Fourchon
Port Everglades
Houston / Galveston
Tampa
Miami
Anchorage
Lake Charles
Port Arthur
Honolulu
Texas City
Port Lavaca
San Juan

Torres Strait
Corpus Christi
Ponce
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PAWSA RECURRING RISKS

• ATON visibility channel configuration
• Small craft fishing vessels
• Local area Rules of the Road familiarity
• Communications inexperienced operators
• Commercial Towing
• Local area familiarity communications
• Navigation conditions hydrographic info

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PAWSA RESULTS

• 35 conducted to date
• Final report for first 28 completed
• Various ports relying on results to effect
  change
• Increased budgets
• Improved infrastructure
• New VTSs
• Model process refined improved
• Implementation Guide revisions

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WATERWAY RISK MODEL

• RISK

PROBABILITY
IMPACT
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WATERWAY RISK MODEL

• RISK

PROBABILITY
IMPACT

• Vessel Conditions
• Traffic Conditions
• Navigational Conditions
• Waterway Conditions

• Immediate Consequences
• Subsequent Consequences

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Book 2RISK FACTOR RATING SCALES
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RISK IDENTIFICATION

• Define geographic scope of waterway
• Discuss risk factors in each category
• Give examples
• Explain why risk is high or low
• Offer insights about future trends
• Evaluate risks in each category

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GEOGRAPHIC SCOPEOF WATERWAY

• Landmarks
• Area boundaries

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WATERWAY RISK MODEL
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VESSEL CONDITIONS

• Deep Draft Vessel Quality
• Age / maintenance
• Flag / class society / owner
• Casualty history
• Crew nationality(ies)

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VESSEL CONDITIONS

• Shallow Draft Vessel Quality
• Vessel operations knowledge
• Local area experience
• Language barriers
• Crew fatigue
• Maintenance

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VESSEL CONDITIONS

• Commercial Fishing Vessel Quality
• Vessel operations knowledge
• Local area experience
• Chronic fatigue syndrome
• Language issues

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VESSEL CONDITIONS

• Small Craft Quality
• Knowledge of Rules of the Road
• Awareness of other traffic
• Inebriation

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Book 3BASELINE RISK LEVELS
Check the block that best describes the condition
in this waterway
Vessel Conditions
Deep Draft Vessel Quality
Nearly 100 of deep draft vessels operate safely
90 of deep draft vessels operate safely
80 of deep draft vessels operate safely
70 or less of deep draft vessels operate safely
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TRAFFIC CONDITIONS

• Volume of Commercial Traffic
• Deep draft
• Shallow draft
• Commercial Fishing
• Infrastructure capabilities

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TRAFFIC CONDITIONS

• Volume of Small Craft Traffic
• Volume
• Seasonality
• Marine events

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TRAFFIC CONDITIONS

• Traffic Mix
• Single use waterway
• Multiple use waterway
• Conflicts

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TRAFFIC CONDITIONS

• Congestion
• Density
• Times / locations

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NAVIGATIONALCONDITIONS

• Winds
• Speed
• Predictability

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NAVIGATIONAL CONDITIONS

• Water Movement
• River, tidal, ocean
• Maximum strength
• Predictability
• Seasonality
• Cross-channel

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NAVIGATIONALCONDITIONS

• Visibility Restrictions
• Ability to see
• aids to navigation
• other vessels
• Fog, rain, snow, smoke, etc.

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NAVIGATIONALCONDITIONS

• Obstructions
• Affect safe navigation
• Ice, floating debris, fishing nets, etc.

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WATERWAY CONDITIONS

• Visibility Impediments
• Moored vessels
• Structures
• Background lighting
• Vegetation

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WATERWAY CONDITIONS

• Dimensions
• Passing arrangements
• Channel width depth
• Air drafts

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WATERWAY CONDITIONS

• Bottom Type
• What do you hit if youtouch bottom orrun out of
  the channel?

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WATERWAY CONDITIONS

• Configuration
• Bends
• Intersections / convergences
• Crossing traffic

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IMMEDIATE CONSEQUENCES

• Personnel Injuries
• Cruise ships
• Ferries
• Dinner cruises
• Large charter fishing vessels

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IMMEDIATE CONSEQUENCES

• Petroleum Discharge
• Petroleum products
• Bulk shipments
• Fire

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IMMEDIATE CONSEQUENCES

• Hazardous Materials Release
• Chemical products
• Bulk shipments

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IMMEDIATE CONSEQUENCES

• Mobility
• Waterway closure
• Effects on shoreside marine transportation
  system (MTS)

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SUBSEQUENT CONSEQUENCES

• Health and Safety
• Hazardous cargos
• Population near waterway
• rural area
• town / small city
• large metropolitan area
• Water supplies

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SUBSEQUENT CONSEQUENCES

• Environmental
• Sensitive areas
• Protected / endangered species

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SUBSEQUENT CONSEQUENCES

• Aquatic Resources
• Harvesting for
• Recreation
• Subsistence
• Commercial
• Amount
• Light 1 species / short season
• Moderate 2 - 3 species / long season
• Heavy 3 species / year-round

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SUBSEQUENT CONSEQUENCES

• Economic
• Effects if waterway is closed

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WATERWAY RISK MODEL
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TEAM EXPERTISE

• Waterway User
• Stakeholder
• Regulator

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WATERWAY RISK MODEL
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Book 1TEAM EXPERTISE
Compared to the other participants we
are probably in the UPPER THIRD of all the
participants. probably in the MIDDLE THIRD of
all the participants. probably in the LOWER
THIRD of all the participants. with respect to
our knowledge about Vessel Conditions
Immediate Consequences Traffic Conditions
Subsequent Consequences Navigational
Conditions Waterway Conditions
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Book 2RISK FACTOR RATING SCALES
How much riskier is the condition on the right
than the condition on the left?
Subsequent ConsequencesEconomic
(Circle one number on each line)
Economic impact ofwaterway closureaffects
ONLY port area
Economic impact ofwaterway closureaffects
metropolitanarea
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Economic impact ofwaterway closureaffects
metropolitanarea
Economic impact ofwaterway closureaffects wide
region
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Economic impact ofwaterway closureaffects wide
region
Economic impact ofwaterway closureaffects
entire nation
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Equally Somewhat Much More
Extremely Risky More Risky
Risky More Risky
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LUNCH!
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DAY TWO MORNING
800 830 a.m. Coffee Pastries 830
845 a.m. Risk Evaluation Results 845 900
a.m. Mitigations Categories 900 950
a.m. Existing Risk Mitigations Discussion /
Evaluation 1000 1050 a.m. Existing Risk
Mitigations Discussion / Evaluation 1100
1200 p.m. Existing Risk Mitigations Discussio
n / Evaluation 1200 100 p.m. Lunch
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DAY TWO AFTERNOON
100 115 p.m. Mitigations Evaluation
Results 115 345 p.m. Mitigation
Interventions Discussion / Evaluation 345
400 p.m. Break 400 415 p.m. Team
Expertise Re-evaluation 415 430
p.m. Workshop Critique 430 445
p.m. Mitigation Interventions Evaluation
Results 445 500 p.m. Workshop Wrap-up