Proliferation Security Initiative PSI Overview

1
Proliferation Security Initiative (PSI) Overview

• Worldwide Joint Training and Scheduling
  Conference 2006-1
• CDR Gene Doyle
• Joint Staff, J5, CWMD

2
Overview

• PSI Background and history
• Exercise Program past, present and future
• Available guidance
• Conclusion

3
What is the Proliferation Security Initiative?

• After September 11, the United States identified
  the nexus of WMD and terrorism as the greatest
  threat to national security
• December 2002 US National Strategy to Combat
  WMD called for enhanced interdiction capabilities
  to curtail the proliferation of WMD
• President Bush launched PSI in May 2003 as a
  cooperative framework to coordinate national
  actions supporting interdiction
• Origins are in NSPD 20
• One of the principal tools in our fight against
  proliferation is the interdiction of sensitive
  transfers of WMD
• PSI began with 11 like-minded states, now has
  approximately 70
• Participating states are committed to act against
  proliferation-related shipments to or from states
  or non-state actors of concern
• Interdiction broadly defined (military, law
  enforcement, diplomacy)
• Focus is on sea, air, land and transmodal
  shipments
• PSI is consistent with national legal authorities
  and international law

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PSI Key Concepts

• PSI Statement of Interdiction Principles
• Endorsed by original PSI countries (U.S.,
  Australia, France, Germany, Italy, Japan,
  Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Spain, and UK) on
  4 Sept 2003
• Political commitment by states to interdict
  proliferation-related shipments to or from states
  or non-state actors of concern, consistent with
  national legal authorities and relevant
  international law and frameworks
• Also includes commitment to strengthen domestic
  and international legal authorities to interdict
  proliferation related shipments
• Countries are now considered PSI participants
  when they formally endorse the PSI Principles
• PSI focus
• Making proliferation more costly and more
  difficult
• PSI is activity-based, not organization-based
• Provides multinational framework for national
  action and cooperation
• No formal structure by design
• Decision to participate in specific interdiction
  activities will be made on a case by case basis
• - - Implication No standing HQs, staff,
  standards, doctrine, TTPs.

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PSI 2003-2006
Europe Ground Apr 04 SAFE
BORDER (Poland) Mar 04 - HAWKEYE (Germany) Jun 05
BOHEMIAN GUARD (Pol, CZ) Air Jun 05 BLUE
ACTION (Spain) Jun 06 HADES (France) Sea Apr
06 TOP PORT (Netherlands)
PSI Gaming Exercises Sep 04 Maritime (US) Oct
05 Air/Maritime (Norway)
Pacific Sea Sep 03 - PACIFIC
PROTECTOR(Australia) Oct 04 TEAM SAMURAI
(Japan) Aug 05 DEEP SABRE (Singapore)
Air Apr 06 PACIFIC PROTECTOR (Australia)
Western Hemisphere Sea Nov 04 CHOKEPOINT 04
(US)
Indian Ocean Sea Jan 04 SEA SABER
(US) Nov 05 EXPLORING THEMIS (UK) Oct 06
LEADING EDGE (US)

• PSI Accomplishments
• PSI Statement of Interdiction Principles
  formulated
• 10 OEG meetings and 1 ROEG meeting
• Approximately 70 PSI supporting nations
• 6 PSI shipboarding agreements with more
  progressing
• 19 PSI Exercises / game events
• WMD Maritime Interdiction EXORD issued to GCCs
• SECDEF 08 Aug memo published
• CJCSI published concerning PSI roles /
  responsibilities
• Amendments to IMO SUA convention accepted
• Developing interdiction capabilities in every
  area
• Robust shipboarding and technical reach-back
• National and international law enforcement and
  customs authorities in place

Mediterranean Sea Oct 03 - SANSO
03 (Spain) Nov 03 - BASILAC (France) Apr 04 -
CLEVER SENTINEL (Italy) May 05 NINFA 05
(Portugal) Air Oct 03 - AIR CPX Tabletop
Exercise (UK) Feb 04 - AIR BRAKE 04 (Italy) Jun
04 - ASPE 2004 (France) Combined (Sea, Air and
Ground) May 06 ANATOLIAN SUN (Turkey)
KEY - Host nations in parentheses ()
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PSI Participation

• Original Core Group of 11 countries U.S.,
  Australia, France, Germany, Italy, Japan,
  Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Spain, and UK
• Primary focus Develop PSI Interdiction
  Principles
• Formally disbanded and no longer referred to
  since PSI focus shifted to operational activities
  
• 19 countries currently involved in PSI
  operational activities/exercises U.S.,
  Australia, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany,
  Greece, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, New Zealand,
  Norway, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Singapore,
  Spain, Turkey, and the United Kingdom
• Argentina is likely to become the 20th at the
  next meeting
• Approximately 70 countries have indicated some
  level of support (formal endorsement,
  participation in PSI exercises, signing boarding
  agreements, cooperation with intelligence
  efforts, etc)

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Notional PSI Activity Schedule - PAST
Jan - Mar
Apr - Jun
Jul - Sep
Oct - Dec
PSI Ops Experts (TBD)
PSI Ops Experts (TBD)
PSI Ops Experts (TBD)
PSI Ops Experts (TBD)
Maritime/Ground Interdiction Exercise (IO)
Maritime/Ground Interdiction Exercise (Med)
Maritime/Ground Interdiction Exercise (Pacific)
Air/Ground Interdiction Exercise (IO)
PSI Game
Increase in Complexity Intel Play / Legal
Authorities / Political Decision-making
Tentative
Scheduled/In-Progress
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PSI Activity Schedule 2006
Jan - Mar
Apr May
Jun
Jul - Sep
Oct - Dec
Meetings
PSI Political Meeting
PSI Industry Workshop (UK?)
PSI OEG (Singapore?)
PSI OEG (TBD)
PSI OEG MIAMI
Top Port (TheNetherlands) April 4-5 EUCOM
Anatolian Deer (Turkey) May 24-26 EUCOM
Leading Edge (US-IO) Oct CENTCOM
Sea
Ground
Pacific Protector 06 (Australia) April 3-7 PACOM
Hades 2006 (France - Med) Jun 21-22
Air
ARIEX 06 (Croatia- Europe) 27-31 Mar EUCOM
PANAMAX (US) AUG-SEP SOUTHCOM
National or Regional
ARDENT SENTRY (US - Canada) April NORTHCOM

USG elements will observe
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Fine-Tuning the Parameters a Joint Staff
Proposal to the OEG

• Two Central Themes
• PSI exercises are a proven concept but needs
  hands-on management by OEG
• PSI continues to grow in membership must
  balance the need to operationalize OEG concepts
  with the need to develop regional capabilities

• Right Regions key proliferation routes
• Focus on regions of proliferation concern
  (e.g.Mediterranean, Indian Ocean/Gulf, Pacific)
• Hold one OEG-Managed live exercise per year in
  each region
• Facilitate planning efforts to support with
  operational assets
• Enables PSI nations an opportunity to develop
  more robust regional exercises
• Improving capabilities in other regions becoming
  increasingly important
• Enables COCOMS to take credit for incorporating
  PSI elements into existing regional exercises

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Fine-Tuning the Parameters a Joint Staff
Proposal to the OEG

• Right Tempo long-term sustainability
• Beginning in CY 07, maintain a two-year exercise
  plan
• Involves three OEG-Managed live exercises per
  year
• Increased number of regional exercises
• Better use of resources
• Minimizes schedule conflicts
• Right Scenarios sustain/improve capabilities
• Scenarios should reflect regional proliferation
  concerns
• Ensures deterrent effect is optimized
• Maintain functional balance
• Continue to increase scenario complexity
• Add realistic transmodal scenarios
• Develop information sharing and policy
  decision-making processes
• Include additional objectives as determined by OEG

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Suggested PSI Exercise Schedule
Apr - Jun
Jul - Sep
Oct - Dec
Jan - Mar
PACIFIC
INDIAN OCEAN
MEDITERRANEAN
Maritime, air, ground and transmodal operations

• Suggested OEG-Managed Exercise Program
  Objectives
• Full range of interdiction options (including
  international and interagency coordination)
• Full range of shipment modes
• Information sharing
• Various legal authorities
• Industry outreach
• Disposition
• Operational outreach (observer programs)

Incorporate similar objectives and increase the
number of regional exercises to better develop
interdiction capabilities in other regions / PSI
nations.
Regional Exercises

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Right Regions for OEG Level Exercises
Maritime and air focus
Mediterranean Region
Maritime And ground focus
Pacific Region
Indian Ocean Region
Maritime and air focus
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Overcoming PSI Challenges

• Ad hoc nature of PSI participation presents
  challenges
• PSI exercises are global, interagency,
  multinational exercises
• Shortened planning timelines
• No international PSI mission essential task
  lists to provide exercise structure
• Working on equivalent program objectives
• No funding streams to support US agency
  participation
• DOD, DHS other agencies use OM funding to
  participate with operational assets
• Working future funding mechanisms with J8 and
  STRATCOM
• Available guidance
• Nov 03 CJCS Personal For message
• 8 Aug 2005 SECDEF Memo directs combatant
  commanders to support
• CJCS Instruction 3520.01 issued to provide
  guidance on PSI participation
• JS MSG dtg 011638Z FEB 06 CY06 PSI EXERCISES
• Security Cooperation Guidance of Nov 2005
  (objective C5)
• USG Strategy to Combat WMD requires the US to
  work with like-minded countries, including
  helping them to improve their interdiction
  capabilities through the PSI
• Other Source Documents
• QDR
• NMS to CbtWMD
• NSPD-17

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Conclusion

• It is the sense of Congress that a
  central feature of counterproliferation
  activities, consistent with the Presidents
  Proliferation Security Initiative, should include
  the physical interdiction, by air, sea or land,
  of weapons of mass destruction, their delivery
  systems, and related materials and technologies,
  and enhanced law enforcement activities to
  identify and disrupt proliferation networks,
  activities, organizations, and persons.
• National Intelligence Reform Act of 2004

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QUESTIONS?