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Western Art

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Title: Western Art


1
Western Art
  • How did we get here?

2
Your Task
  • Make notes of the Art Movements that are
    interesting to you (3)
  • Write down the names of individual artists that
    interest you (3 different artists, from 3
    different art movements)
  • Write down the titles of any artworks that
    interest you.
  • You will be learning about the art
    movements/artists/paintings of your choice, and
    giving a presentation, along with your project.

3
The Middle Ages
  • Early Christian art was about telling a story.
  • The art of this period contained subjects who
    lacked facial expression and followed a
    formula.
  • Artists, of this period, were not concerned with
    the subjects as much as they were the story of
    the people in these stories

4
  • Blue pigment was made of lapis lazuli, and was
    the most expensive. Therefore, it was reserved
    for the robe of Mary and came to represent
    purity.
  • Other symbols in colors and objects tell the
    viewer what is happening

5
The halo comes from this era
  • Artist used symbols, like gold leaf, the halo,
    and color to tell us who the figures are.

6
The Renaissance
  • The Renaissance was a period of great creative
    and intellectual activity, during which artists
    broke away from the restrictions of Medieval Art.
  • Throughout the 15th century, artists studied the
    natural world in order to perfect their
    understanding of such subjects as anatomy and
    perspective.

7
Notice he difference in the treatment of the
figures and the background
8
Among the many great artists of this period were
Sandro Botticelli,.
Birth of Venus, Sandro Botticelli
9
  • The High Renaissance was the culmination of the
    artistic developments of the Early Renaissance,
    and one of the great explosions of creative
    genius in history. It is notable for three of the
    greatest artists in history Michelangelo,
    Raphael and Leonardo da Vinci.

10
Leonardo da Vinci
One of the most famous painters of all time, but
also famous for his talent in architecture,
sculpture, engineering, geology, hydraulics and
the military arts, all with success, and in his
spare time doodled parachutes and flying machines
that resembled inventions of the 19th and 20th
centuries.
11
Michelangelo
Perhaps the greatest influence on western art in
the last five centuries, Michelangelo was an
Italian sculptor, architect, painter and poet in
the period known as the High Renaissance.
Pieta
Detail of The Sistine Chapel
David
12
Raphael
Raphael is one of the most famous artists of
Italy's High Renaissance and one of the greatest
influences in the history of Western art.
School of Athens
13
Baroque Art
  • Baroque Art developed in Europe around 1600, as
    an reaction against the intricate and formulaic
    that dominated the Late Renaissance. Baroque art
    is less complex, more realistic and more
    emotionally affecting than Mannerist art.One of
    the great periods of art history, Baroque Art was
    developed by Caravaggio, Bernini, Rembrandt, and
    Vermeer.

14
Caravaggio
  • Chiaroscuro intense contrast of light and dark,
    used to create drama

15
Changed the way we view art by adding drama,
personality and realism
16
Johannes Vermeer
  • Soft studies of light and color, with incredible
    realism and detail

17
Bernini
Dramatic naturalistic poses, making rock look
soft
18
Rococo Art
  • Rococo Art succeeded Baroque Art in Europe. It
    was most popular in France, and is generally
    associated with the reign of King Louis XV
    (1715-1774).
  • It is a light, elaborate and decorative style of
    art.

19
Jean-Antoine Watteau
  • Love in the Italian Theatre

20
  • Giovanni Battista Tiepolo
  • Holy Trinity

21
Jean-Honore Fragonard
  • The Swing, 1767

22
Neoclassical
  • Neoclassical Art is a severe and unemotional form
    of art that references ancient Greece and Rome.
    Its rigidity was a reaction to the overboard
    Rococo style and the emotionally charged Baroque
    style.
  • The rise of Neoclassical Art was part of a
    general revival of interest in classical thought,
    which was of some importance in the American and
    French revolutions.

23
Jaques Louis-David
  • Oath of the Horatii

24
John William Waterhouse
  • Pre-Raphaelite
  • Myth and legend based work

Boreas
The Lady of Shallot
25
Romanticism
  • Romanticism might best be described as
    anticlassicism, and reaction against
    Neoclassiciam.
  • It is a deeply-felt style which is
    individualistic, exotic, beautiful and
    emotionally wrought.
  • Great artists closely associated with Romanticism
    include Caspar David Friedrich, John Constable,
    and William Blake.  

26
Caspar David Friedrich
  • Woman at Dawn

Wander Above the Sea of Fog
27
William Blake
Newton
The Ghost of a Flea
28
John Constable
The Hay Wain
Deadham Vale
29
Realism
  • Realism is an approach to art in which subjects
    are depicted in as straightforward a manner as
    possible, without idealizing them and without
    following rules of formal artistic theory.  The
    earliest Realist work began to appear in the 18th
    century, in a reaction to the excesses of
    Romanticism and Neoclassicism.
  • John Singleton Copley, Francisco de Goya, Camille
    Corot, and Francois Millet.

30
Jean-Francois Millet
  • The Gleaners,

31
Thomas Eakins
surgery
32
Camille Corot
33
John Singleton Copley
Brook Watson and the Shark
34
Francisco de Goya
35
Impressionism
  • Impressionism is a light, spontaneous manner of
    painting which began in France as a reaction
    against the restrictions and conventions of the
    dominant Academic Art. Its naturalistic and
    down-to-earth treatment of its subject matter,
    most commonly landscapes, has its roots in the
    French Realism of Corot and others.The
    movement's name was derived from Monet's early
    work, Impression Sunrise, which was singled out
    for criticism by Louis Leroy upon its
    exhibition.The hallmark of the style is the
    attempt to capture the subjective impression of
    light in a scene.

36
Edgar Degas
The Ballet Lesson
Miss Lala at the Circus
37
Claude Monet
Weeping Willow
Rouen Cathedral
38
Pierre Auguste Renoir
Luncheon of the Boating Party
39
Mary Cassatt
Most famous American Impressionist, known for
images of mothers, children, and family life.
The Boating Party
40
Post-Impressionism
  • Post-Impressionism is an umbrella term that
    encompasses a variety of artists who were
    influenced by Impressionism but took their art in
    other directions.There is no single
    well-defined style of Post-Impressionism, but in
    general it is less idyllic and more emotionally
    charged than Impressionist work.The classic
    Post-Impressionists are Paul Gaugin, Paul
    Cezanne, Vincent van Gogh, Henri Rousseau, and
    Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec. The Pointillists are
    also generally included

41
Paul Cezanne
  • Still Life with Curtain

42
Vincent Van Gogh
The Starry Night
Cornfield with Cypresses
43
Henri Rousseau
The Sleeping Gypsy
Woman Walking in an Exotic Forest
44
Henri de Toulouse Lautrec
At the Moulin Rouge
La Goule
45
Paul Gauguin
Tahitian Women on the Beach
46
Seccessionists/Art Nouveau
  • was an art association founded by Berlin artists
    in 1889 as an alternative to the conservative
    state-run Association of Berlin Artists.
  • Led to significant developments in
    German/Austrian art

47
Gustave Klimt
Use of gold leaf and collage elements Classical
myth, drama
From the Beethoven Frieze
  • The Kiss

48
Alphonse Mucha
  • Elaborate decorative patterns
  • Influential advertising art

49
Kathe Kollwitz
German, anti war imagery
Hunger
50
Max Beckman
51
Fauvism
  • Fauvism grew out of Pointillism and
    Post-Impressionism, but is characterized by a
    more primitive and less naturalistic form of
    expression. Paul Gaugins style and his use of
    color were especially strong influences.The
    artists most closely associated with Fauvism are
    Andre Derain and Henri Matisse.Fauvism was a
    short-lived movement, but was a substantial
    influence on some of the Expressionists.

52
Andre Derain
53
Henri Matisse
The Dance
Woman in a Purple Coat
54
Regionalism
  • An American term, Regionalism refers to the work
    of a number of rural artists, mostly from the
    Midwest, who became famous in the 1930s.
  • Not being part of a coordinated movement,
    Regionalist artists often had unique style or
    point of view. What they shared, among themselves
    and among other American Scene painters, was a
    humble, anti-modernist style and a desire to
    depict everyday life. However their rural
    conservatism tended to put them at odds with the
    urban and leftist Social Realists of the same
    era.The three best-known regionalists were John
    Steuart Curry, Thomas Hart Benton and Grant Wood,
    the painter of the best-known and one of the
    greatest works of American art, American Gothic.

55
Thomas Hart Benton
The Cotton Pickers
First Crop
56
Grant Wood
The Midnight Ride of Paul Revere
American Gothic
57
Cubism
  • Developed between about 1908 and 1912 in a
    collaboration between Georges Braque and Pablo
    Picasso. Their main influences are said to have
    been Tribal Art (although Braque later disputed
    this) and the work of Paul Cezanne. The movement
    itself was not long-lived or widespread, but it
    began an immense creative explosion which
    resonated through all of 20th century art.
  • The key concept underlying Cubism is that the
    essence of an object can only be captured by
    showing it from multiple points of view
    simultaneously.

58
Pablo Picasso
Guernica
Three Musicians
59
Georges Braque
Woman with a Guitar
60
Expressionism
  • Expressionism is a style in which the intention
    is not to reproduce a subject accurately, but
    instead to portray it in such a way as to express
    the inner state of the artist. The movement is
    especially associated with Germany, and was
    influenced by such emotionally-charged styles as
    Symbolism, Fauvism, and Cubism.
  • There are several different and somewhat
    overlapping groups of Expressionist artists,
    including Der Blaue Reiter ("The Blue Rider"),
    Die Brücke ("The Bridge"), Die Neue Sachlichkeit
    ("The New Objectivity") and the Bauhaus School.
  • Leading Expressionists included Wassily
    Kandinsky, Franz Marc, George Grosz and Amadeo
    Modigliani.

61
Edvard Munch
Vivid and emotional work, exploring themes of
life, love, fear, death and melancholy
Ashes
  • The Scream, from the Frieze of Life

62
Amadeo Modigliani
Head
Portrait of Woman in Hat
63
Wassily Kandinsky
Composition VII
64
Dada
  • protest by a group of European artists against
    World War I, bourgeois society, and the
    conservativism of traditional thought.
  • followers used absurdities and non sequiturs to
    create artworks and performances which defied any
    intellectual analysis. They also included random
    "found" objects in sculptures and installations.
  • The founders included the French artists Jean Arp
    and Marcel Duchamp.

65
Jean Arp
-sculptor, painter, poet, and abstract artist in
media such as torn paper.
Makenspeil
Cloud Shepherd
66
Marcel Duchamp
Made use of ready mades to create controversial
art that was rejected by his own rebellious group
L.H.O.O.Q
Fountain
67
Surrealism
  • Surrealism is a style in which fantastical visual
    imagery from the subconscious mind is used with
    no intention of making the work logically
    comprehensible. Founded by Andre Breton in 1924,
    it was a primarily European movement that
    attracted many members of the chaotic Dada
    movement. It was similar in some elements to the
    mystical 19th-century Symbolist movement, but was
    deeply influenced by the psychoanalytic work of
    Freud and Jung.
  • The Surrealist circle was made up of many of the
    great artists of the 20th century, including Max
    Ernst, Giorgio de Chirico, Jean Arp, Man Ray,
    Joan Miro, and Rene Magritte. Salvador Dali,
    probably the single best-known Surrealist artist,
    broke with the group due to his right-wing
    politics (during this period leftism was the
    fashion among Surrealists, and in fact in almost
    all intellectual circles).

68
Harlem Renaissance
  • African-American social thought that was
    expressed through the visual arts, as well as
    through music centered in the Harlem district of
    New York City, The intellectual and social
    freedom of the era attracted many Black Americans
    from the rural south to the industrial centers of
    the north - and especially to New York
    City.Artists at the core of the Harlem
    Renaissance movement included William H. Johnson,
    Lois Mailou Jones and the sculptor and printmaker
    Sargent Claude Johnson. Other prominent artists
    associated with the Harlem Renaissance included
    Jacob Lawrence, Archibald Motley and Romare
    Bearden.

69
Romare Bearden
Famous for unique collages that identify the
African American experience.
Three Musicians
The Calabash, mixed media
70
Jacob Lawrence
Referred to his work as dynamic cubism, but said
that his influence came from was the colors and
shapes of Harlem, not France. Famous for
depicting the social history of African
Americans.
Supermarket
The Builders
71
Abstract Expressionism
  • Abstract Expressionism is a type of art in which
    the artist expresses himself purely through the
    use of form and color. It non-representational,
    or non-objective, art, which means that there are
    no actual objects represented.  Now considered
    to be the first American artistic movement of
    international importance, the term was originally
    used to describe the work of Willem de Kooning,
    Jackson Pollock and Arshile Gorky.The movement
    can be more or less divided into two groups
    Action Painting, typified by artists such as
    Pollock, de Kooning, Franz Kline, and Philip
    Guston, stressed the physical action involved in
    painting Color Field Painting, practiced by Mark
    Rothko and Kenneth Noland, among others, was
    primarily concerned with exploring the effects of
    pure color on a canvas.

72
Willem De Kooning
Famous for aggressive abstracted figures and
complex layered images
Woman V
Excavation
73
Jackson Pollock
  • Abstact expressionist known for Action Painting
    and helping to launch the Abstract Expressionist
    movement.
  • Influenced by emotional struggles, alcoholism,
    and desire to be accepted as an artist.

No. 5
74
Mark Rothko
Work is called color field painting and is
classified as an abstract expressionist, although
he rejected not only the label but even being
called an abstract painter.
Orange and Yellow
75
Pop Art
  • explores the everyday imagery that is a part of
    contemporary consumer culture.
  • Common sources of imagery include advertisements,
    consumer product packaging, celebrity
    photographs, and comic strips.Leading Pop
    artists include Andy Warhol, Robert Rauschenberg,
    and Roy Lichtenstein.

76
Robert Rauschenberg
Famous for combine paintings Began an artistic
revolution that redefined what art is.
Monogram
Bed
77
Jasper Johns
Became famous for appropriating popular imagery
into his paintings Worked with Rauschenberg to
redefine the art world
Map, 1961
78
Andy Warhol
-Was a successful commercial artist before
becoming a famous Pop Artist, and was an
avant-garde filmmaker, author, and public figure
famous for belonging to bizarre social
circles. - 15 minutes of fame quote
Campbells Soup
Marilyn
79
20th Century/Contemporary
  • These artists do not fit into one specific group
    or style, but are listed here as 20th century
    Post-Modern artists.

80
Georgia OKeefe
81
Edward Hopper
Nighthawks
New York Movie
82
Chuck Close
Uses the grid process to produce HUGE works,
ranging from photo-realistic to nearly abstract
looking work.
83
Your Task
  • Choose 3 artists from different art movements
    that inspire you
  • Learn about the life and work of the artists, and
    choose one artist/movement to study in depth.
  • Prepare a presentation piece to share this artist
    and his/her work with the class
  • Create a piece of artwork in response to one of
    the artists.
  • Your own work in the artists style or using
    similar imagery
  • An homage to the artist, responding to his/her
    life or artwork.

84
Student Response to Jean Arp
Student work Amphora
85
Work by OKeefe
Student Work, inspired by Georgia OKeefe
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