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AQA A Managing Resources

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Title: AQA A Managing Resources


1
AQA A Managing Resources
  • Past exam questions.
  • For each question (1-25) choose the best or most
    appropriate answers from either A, B or C

2
1) Sp. P4 1998 P4 P4F P5H 2002 P2F 2003
What is the meaning of the term renewable
sources of energy
  • A) A source of energy that can only be used once.
  • B) Fuel supplies like coal oil and gas.
  • C) Resources which are naturally replaced after
    use so that they never run out.

3
2) P2F 2006 What is a resource
  • A) Things that humans can use.
  • B) Fuel supplies already discovered that can be
    used in the future.
  • C) Recovery of waste products to convert into
    materials that can be used again.

4
3) P2F 2005 What is meant by the term
non-renewable
  • A) Resources which can be used again and again,
    like water and wind.
  • B) Fossil fuels like coal, oil and gas, which are
    finite, and will eventually run out are examples.
    Once they have been used they cant be used
    again.
  • C) Fossil fuels made from trees and plants.

5
4) P4F 5H 2000 P4F 2002 Name 2 other types
of renewable energy (other than wind)
  • A) Solar power and wind power.
  • B) Coal and nuclear power.
  • C) Hydro electric power (HEP) and solar power.

6
5) P4F 2001 Which of the following are
non-renewable
  • A) Biomass.
  • B) Hydro electric power (HEP)
  • C) Natural gas.

7
6) Sp. P4 P5 State 2 advantages and 2
disadvantages of using wind to make electricity
  • A) The advantages of using wind to make
    electricity are that that it is pollution free
    and the land between the turbines can be used for
    farming. The disadvantages are that no
    electricity is produced if there is no wind, and
    some people think that the wind turbines are ugly
    and spoil the countryside.
  • B) Advantages of using wind are that it is cheap
    to produce wind turbines and you get free
    electricity from them. The disadvantages are that
    they can cause some air pollution and can only be
    built in windy areas.
  • C) The advantages of using wind to generate
    electricity are that you can build a wind farm
    anywhere, and wind turbines do not release carbon
    dioxide into the atmosphere. The disadvantages
    are that wind power does not produce as much
    energy as fossil fuel fired power stations and
    the turbines can be a hazard to aircraft.

8
7) Why are sources of renewable energy being
developed?
  • A) Sources of renewable energy are being
    developed because fossil fuels will eventually
    run out.
  • B) Sources of renewable energy are being
    developed because traditional non renewable ways
    of producing energy are guilty of polluting the
    environment. Also non renewables are finite,
    meaning that eventually they will run out.
  • C) We are developing sources of renewable energy
    because of several reasons. Firstly, because the
    worlds population is increasing, this simply
    means that more people require more energy. Also,
    as countries develop their energy requirements
    rise because they use more labour saving devices
    like dishwashers, computers etc. Furthermore, the
    traditional non renewable methods of producing
    energy are problematic, in that the fossil fuels
    used in energy production are finite and will
    eventually run out. Also, non renewables are
    found to be harmful to the environment because
    they contribute towards global warming, whereas
    renewables will not run out and give off little
    or no pollution.

9
8) 1998 P4 P5 explain why there is likely to be
a big increase in the use of energy by the year
2010
  • A) Because there will be more people in the world
    so they will need more energy.
  • B) There is likely to be a big increase in the
    use of energy by the year 2010 because the
    worlds population will have increased meaning
    that there will be higher energy requirements.
    More people will have things like fridges and
    have to cook food or keep warm, which means more
    energy used. Also, as countries develop they use
    more energy because they are able to afford
    labour saving devices, tools and gadgets which we
    take for granted in the developed world, like
    TVs, computers, cars etc. Energy is required not
    only in running these devices but also in their
    manufacture.
  • C) There will be a big energy increase by 2010
    because statistics show that energy use has
    always increased over time and because there will
    be more people, they will use more energy than if
    there were less people. Also, China and India are
    using up lots of energy

10
9) P2H P2F 2005 Explain why there is an
increasing demand for resources such as those
found in Antarctica
  • A) Because Antarctica has lots of supplies of
    oil, coal and gas which other countries need.
  • B) There is an increased demand for the fossil
    fuels which Antarctica is believed to be rich in
    because the worlds known reserves of these
    resources are finite and will eventually run out.
    Society has come to be reliant on these resources
    to help meet their energy needs. Also, there is a
    huge demand for fish which could help to feed the
    growing populations of some countries.
  • C) Countries will eventually run out of some
    resources which are unsustainable, like fossil
    fuels. They can get these from Antarctica
    instead.

11
10) P4F P5H 2002 Why might energy use increase
as a country develops
  • A) As countries become more developed there is a
    greater demand for energy because people get more
    materialistic and buy more products which use
    energy both in their manufacture as well as in
    their use. For example, people will buy labour
    saving devices like cars and dishwashers. These
    both use up energy when they are made and every
    time they are used. Also, as countries develop
    their industries develop and industry is a large
    consumer of energy.
  • B) As countries get richer they use more energy
    because everybody gets cars and electrical goods.
    These both use lots of oil and electricity, so
    this is why energy use will increase.
  • C) Energy use might increase as a country gets
    more developed because when a country gets richer
    its population increases dramatically. This rise
    in population means that more coal and gas is
    needed to heat their homes. They will also need
    lots more petrol and diesel to fuel all the extra
    cars and lorries that will be on the road.

12
11) P2H 2005 What is sustainable development
  • A) Sustainable development is development that
    has happened in a sustainable way.
  • B) Sustainable development is when economic
    growth and other activities take place without
    destroying the environment which we depend on,
    meaning a good future for the earth.
  • C) Sustainable development involves economic
    activity that does not cause environmental damage
    or exhausts natural resources to the extent that
    standards of living for future generations
    decline. An example of this would be sustainable
    forestry.

13
12) 1994 P4 Explain how recycling can help reduce
damage to the environment
  • A) Recycling old or waste products can help
    reduce damage to the environment by conserving
    the natural resources that are needed to make
    these products. Also, energy can be saved in
    recycling goods rather than make new goods from
    raw materials. An example of this is the
    recycling of old aluminium cans which only uses
    5 of the energy required to make new cans from
    bauxite, its raw material.
  • B) Recycling means using alternative materials to
    make products. This saves both energy and natural
    resources. An example of this is the use of
    copper to make pipes for plumbing when lead
    became scarce. We have preserved our lead
    supplies and copper is also cheaper.
  • C) Recycling is good for the environment because
    it means that we are conserving valuable
    resources for the future. It also means that if
    we recycle we will use less energy by driving to
    take all our old products to the bottle and paper
    banks, than if we just threw these things in the
    bin and let the council sort the rubbish out for
    us.

14
13) P2F 2006 Name 2 materials that can be
recycled
  • A) Paper and leather
  • B) Glass and plastic
  • C) Aluminium and coal

15
14) 1999 P4F What is global warming
  • A) Global warming is the filling up of the
    earths atmosphere with pollution.
  • B) Global warming is the increase in the earths
    overall temperature.
  • C) Global warming is the hole in the earths
    atmosphere letting more heat in from the sun.

16
15)P2F Explain why it is important to reduce the
amount of carbon dioxide being released
  • A) It is important to reduce the amount of CO2
    because it is one of the greenhouse gases that is
    responsible for accelerating the natural
    greenhouse effect which is causing global
    warming.
  • B) It is important to reduce the amount of CO2
    because it is one of the greenhouse gases that is
    responsible for causing a hole in the earths
    ozone layer which is causing global warming.
  • C) It is important to reduce the amount of CO2
    because It is responsible for causing acid rain
    which erodes buildings.

17
16)P2F 2007 Explain why the control of pollution
needs to be agreed by many countries if it is to
be successful
  • A) Pollution is a worldwide problem and can cross
    the borders of many countries so all countries
    need to work together to control pollution. An
    example of this is acid rain which has been
    caused by coal fired power stations in the UK but
    effects Sweden and Germany because of wind blown
    air pollution.
  • B) Pollution control needs to be agreed by many
    countries because the more countries controlling
    pollution the less pollution there is in the
    world.
  • C) If more countries agree to control pollution
    it means that global warming will stop and the
    ice caps will not melt. This will be good for us
    because it means that we will not have another
    ice age like in the film The Day After
    Tomorrow.

18
17) P5H 2002 Explain how some environments
encourage tourism
  • A) Places that have natural or human attractions
    will encourage tourists to visit. Natural
    attractions may include things like good weather,
    nice beaches or beautiful scenery. Examples may
    include places like the Algarve in Portugal or
    the Lake District in England. Human attractions
    may include things like ancient monuments or
    theme parks. Examples of these would be Rome in
    Italy or Disneyworld In Florida.
  • B) Some environments encourage tourism because
    they are full of things to see and do. In some
    places there are loads of activities, which is
    great because that means you will never get bored
    and always have something to do. These places are
    different to those at home which makes them good
    for tourists.
  • C) Places that have lots of things people can do,
    and where you can get different food help to
    encourage tourism.

19
18)1999 P5 Using 1 or more examples describe and
explain how tourism in LEDCs and MEDCs can be
encouraged without harming the environment
  • A) Tourism can be encouraged in both LEDCs and
    MEDCs as long as it is sustainable tourism. An
    example of this is ecotourism in the Galapagos
    islands.
  • B) Ecotourism or sustainable tourism should meet
    the needs of local people without damaging the
    environment in which tourists want to see or do
    things. This type of tourism is practiced in both
    LEDCs and MEDCs. .An example in a MEDC is the
    Kuranda Skyrail in Queensland Australia. Here a
    cable car has been built above the rainforest and
    this allows people to experience the rainforest
    environment without damaging it. It was built
    without destroying any of the rainforest and
    gives guide jobs to native Aborigine people.
    Another example of ecotourism occurs in the
    Galapagos islands in the Pacific Ocean. Here
    there is unique plant and animal life which
    people want to see. Tourists have to follow
    strict rules to ensure that this fragile
    environment is not destroyed. They have to stick
    to paths, not take any plants, shells etc and
    stay with a guide at all times. They also have to
    pay a fee which is used for conservation.
  • C) Places like Benidorm in Spain and Blackpool in
    the UK, have encouraged tourism that does not
    harm the environment. This type of tourism is
    called sustainable tourism. In Benidorm they have
    built loads of modern hotels which look really
    good and they import loads of English food to
    keep the tourists from Britain happy. In
    Blackpool they have built showers on the beach to
    wash the sand of peoples feet so that the beach
    is not eroded and the tourists will keep coming
    back because they have a lovely beach to use.

20
19) P2H P2F 2005 For an area of the UK that you
have studied, explain why the tourist industry
has developed there
  • A) Benidorm developed as a tourist resort in the
    late 1950s because it had a great climate warm
    with plenty of sun all year round. It also has
    great beaches with a clear blue sea. Holiday
    companies provided cheap package tours and people
    had more time off work with pay so they could go.
  • B) The Peak District National Park has a thriving
    tourist industry with people visiting from all
    over the UK and abroad. They love the rugged
    coastline with its high cliffs and the fresh air
    that it provides. People can climb Scafell Pike
    the highest mountain in England and generally
    enjoy the beauty of the scenery. Since it is so
    close to the densely populated conurbations of
    Tyneside and Clydeside it has lots of potential
    visitors within a short car journey away. There
    are also lots of other things to do here like
    visiting the human attractions at Shugborough
    Hall. Furthermore, because there is lots of free
    parking everywhere it is attractive to motorists,
    who make up the largest group of tourists.
  • C) The Peak District National Park in the north
    of England has developed as a tourist area. It
    has developed considerably for tourism since
    being designated as a National Park in 1948. It
    is an area of scenic beauty and wild unspoilt
    landscapes which people like to see and enjoy.
    People can walk, cycle and climb as well as doing
    lots of other outdoor pursuits. Also, in the Peak
    District there are several honeypot sites which
    attract people. Examples include Castleton and
    Bakewell which have many attractions like cafes,
    pubs and souvenir shops for tourists. Being near
    to several large conurbations means that the Park
    is accessible to many potential tourists.

21
20) P2F 2002 Suggest 2 environmental problems
caused by tourism
  • A) Tourism causes problems like forcing local
    people off their land to build hotels like in
    Benidorm in Spain. Another problem is that jobs
    in tourism are often seasonal, meaning people
    cant earn money all year round like in Blackpool
    in England.
  • B) Tourism can cause problems like pollution and
    erosion. In the Peak District in England
    pollution levels are sometimes high because of
    all the exhaust fumes from visitors cars. In
    Amboseli National Park in Kenya the large numbers
    of tourist safari buses can erode the unpaved
    roads.
  • C) Tourism causes lots of environmental problems.
    One of these is the disturbance to endangered
    species in national parks like Amboseli in Kenya.
    It is possible that tourists get too close and
    scare the animals away and therefore interfere
    with their breeding. Another example is that
    tourists can offend the culture and traditions of
    local people. Women from Europe, who sunbath
    topless can offend some in Muslim countries like
    Egypt.

22
21) P2F 2003 Using examples of places you have
studied, describe the advantages of tourism
  • A) Tourism is good for places because it brings
    in money and it gives people jobs, as well as
    often helping to improve the infrastructure of a
    place. It also helps to preserve local customs
    and traditions. An example of this is in Kenya
    where local people are employed to work as tour
    guides or in hotels in the coastal resort of
    Mombasa. As Kenya is a LEDC it can earn much
    needed foreign exchange from tourists coming from
    MEDCs. In Benidorm, Spain, the beach has been
    cleaned up and improvements have been made to the
    sewage system which benefits locals as well as
    tourists. Futhermore, tourism is helping the
    Masai people in Kenya. Traditions are being
    preserved by putting on shows for tourists and
    showing them what life is like in their villages.
  • B) Tourism brings lots of advantages as well as
    disadvantages to places. One of these is the
    disturbance to endangered species in Kenyan
    national parks like Amboseli. Sometimes tourists
    can get too close and scare the animals away
    which may affect their breeding. Another example
    is when tourism can affect the local culture. An
    example of this is women from Europe topless
    sunbathing and offending some people in Muslim
    countries like Egypt. Advantages include making
    money from tourists and creating employment like
    working as a waiter or a maid in a hotel.
  • C) Tourism brings lots of advantages to places.
    People get to see people from other countries and
    experience different cultures. Wealth is created
    by tourists spending their cash while they are on
    holiday. People are employed in tourist related
    jobs like hotel workers and lifeguards. Another
    advantage is that local people can benefit from
    improvements in infrastructure which have been
    done for tourists.

23
22) Sp P4 With reference to a LEDC area you have
studied in the world, what attractions does this
area have for European holiday makers.
  • A) Kenya has several attractions for European
    tourists such as fantastic, fine, white sandy
    beaches for relaxing on, as well as the warm
    clear Indian Ocean for swimming in. It also has a
    coral reef for snorkelling and scuba diving.
    Furthermore, there are many national parks where
    people can see wildlife that you only get in zoos
    in Europe, like elephants and lions.
  • B) Benidorm in Spain, is great for European
    tourists because it has lots of attractions like
    a clean beach for relaxing on and clear blue sea
    for swimming in. It also has lots of new, modern
    hotels which are very luxurious. Also, Benidorm
    has good nightlife with plenty of pubs,
    restaurants and discos which Europeans like.
    Furthermore, people speak English and you can get
    English food and drink almost anywhere.
  • C) The Galapagos islands in the Pacific Ocean has
    lots of attractions for European visitors. There
    are loads of rare wildlife which people can see.

24
23)P2H 2004 Describe the advantages and the
disadvantages of tourism to the economies of LEDCs
  • A) Tourism brings both advantages and
    disadvantages to the economies of LEDCs. Economic
    advantages include the jobs created for local
    people working in tourist developments like
    hotels and airports. Also the local economy
    benefits by tourists spending money on souvenirs
    and locally produced foods. Disadvantages are
    that sometimes the environment is destroyed for
    the building of hotels and airports for tourists.
  • B) Tourism brings both advantages and
    disadvantages to the economies of LEDCs. Economic
    advantages include the jobs created for local
    people working in tourist developments like
    hotels and airports. Also the local economy
    benefits by tourists spending money on souvenirs
    and locally produced foods. Disadvantages include
    the fact that a lot of jobs can be unskilled and
    low paid and seasonal.
  • C) Tourism brings both advantages and
    disadvantages to the economies of LEDCs.
    Advantages are that local cultures and traditions
    are preserved. The environment is preserved for
    tourists and locals to enjoy. Also, tourism earns
    the country money through foreign exchange.
    Disadvantages are that sometimes the environment
    is destroyed for the building of hotels and
    airports for tourists. Also, tourists can look
    down on local people and treat them badly.
    Finally, tourists can be fickle and when places
    go out of fashion they can lose money.

25
24)P2F and P2H 2007 Explain how MEDCs gain from
the development of tourism in an LEDC
  • A) MEDCs gain from tourism because they earn a
    lot of money from people visiting LEDCs. Lots of
    jobs are created as well which keeps people off
    the dole. We also benefit by meeting tourists
    from LEDCs because there is cultural exchange.
  • B) MEDCs gain from the development of tourism in
    LEDCs in several ways. Firstly, lots of the large
    hotel chains like Hyatt have hotels in LEDCs like
    Kenya. A lot of the money they make through
    tourists goes back to the country where the
    company is from, which is usually a MEDC, and so
    a lot of money leaks out of the LEDC. Also most
    of the top jobs in these hotels are taken by well
    educated company staff, which are usually from
    MEDC countries, rather than local people.
    Furthermore, when wealthy tourists stay in these
    hotels they demand food and drink brands which
    they are familiar with, e.g. .Heineken beer. So
    the hotel has to import this from MEDCs and so
    money does not always trickle down to benefit the
    local economy. Instead, the MEDC companies gain
    from exporting their products to the LEDC.
    Finally, the airlines that transport the tourists
    from the MEDCs to the LEDCs are mostly MEDC
    owned, so a lot of the profit goes back to the
    MEDC.
  • C) MEDC gain from the development of tourism in
    many ways. Large hotel chains get the tourists
    money. Jobs in these hotels tend to go to MEDC
    employees. MEDC companies benefit by exporting
    tourist products like food and drink. MEDC owned
    airlines transport passengers to LEDC holiday
    destinations. MEDC citizens get to see different
    places and cultures. They can also spend money on
    gifts and souvenirs which benefits the local
    community. So all in all there are lots of gains
    for MEDCs.

26
25) P4 1998 P2H 2006 What is green tourism
  • A) Green tourism involves tourists who
    deliberately travel short distances to reduce
    their environmental impact
  • B) Green tourism is when tourists prefer to go to
    countryside areas like forests and mountains or
    lakes and national parks. Places where there is a
    lot of greenery.
  • C) Green tourism is tourism in which the
    protection of the environment and the way of life
    of local people is considered important enough to
    take action to protect them. It is the same as
    eco-tourism

27
Managing resources answers
  • Answers
  • 1) C 6) A 11) C
    16) A 21) A
  • 2) A 7) C 12) A
    17) A 22) A
  • 3) B 8) B 13) B
    18) B 23) C
  • 4) C 9) B 14) B
    19) C 24) B
  • 5) C 10) A 15) A
    20) B 25) C
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