Basic Art:

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Basic Art

• Art History

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Greek Art
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Greek Art

• Architecture
• Sculpture
• Pottery

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Greek Art

• Greek art was characterized by the love of
  balance, harmony and beauty. 
• The sculptures and buildings were dwelling places
  for gods. 
• The gods were very human like but controlled the
  Universe. 
• The Greeks were always striving for the perfect
  creation.
• Architecture the Greeks ceased building with wood
  and began to use marble and limestone.

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Greek Art
Parthenon (447 B.C.)
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Greek Art

• A. Parthenon 447-432 B.C.
•       1. rectangular shaped building
•       2. 3 step platform leading to actual
  building
•       3. stylobate - top step
•       4. columns and capitals
•       5. Entablature
•             a. architrave (lintel)
•             b. frieze - decorative band running
  across the upper wall
•             c. cornice - area on top of the frieze

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Greek Art
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Greek Art

• 6. Pediment - triangular section above the
  cornice
•      7. Colonnade - a line of columns surrounding
  the porch
•   8. Interior - the inside consisted of two
  rooms
•             a. treasury
•             b. main room - in the center of the
  room stood the statue of Athena
•             c. the only people allowed inside the
  Parthenon were priests and a select few.

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Greek Art
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Greek Art
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Greek Art
B. Columns  1. Doric - simple, no base,
plain  2. Ionic - elaborate base, elaborate
capital scrolled like a rams horn 3. Corinthian
- elongated capital with decorated leaves
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Greek Art
Greek Sculpture  600 480 B.C.
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Greek Art

• Archaic Period
•      1. Kouros youthful male athlete or god
•            a. stiff, frontal pose with left foot
  in front as in the
  Egyptian period.
•        b. symmetrically balanced alike on
  both sides.
•        c. arms separated, open space between
  legs, unlike the Egyptians.
•            d. curious smile seen on many Greek
  sculptures, the first step toward
  realism.

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Greek Art
Curious Smile
Greek Kouros
Left Foot in Front of Right Foot
Symmetrical
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Greek Art
Greek Sculpture
Egyptian Sculpture
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Greek Art

•  
• 2. Kore - female youth or goddess Hera of
  Samos
•        
• a. frontal pose
•            
•   b. no open spaces
•           
•   c. texture in clothing
•          
• d. no action in the figure

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Greek Art
Curios Smile
No Action
Texture in Clothing
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Greek Art
Greek Sculpture
Egyptian Sculpture
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Greek Art
Head and upper body were expanded to make the
head not to appear too small (for aesthetic
value)
42 Feet Tall
Statue of Athena (inside the Parthenon)
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Greek Art

• Classical Period more skillful, more knowledge
  of anatomy, figures showed movement, viewed in
  the round and concentration on balance and
  harmony.
•      1. Discus Thrower by Myron
•             a. bronze
•             b. showed great movement in the body
  while the face remains relaxed
•           c. knowledge of anatomy

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Greek Art
Discobolus by Myron
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Greek Art

• Hellenistic Period
• more skillful, dramatic, use of violent images,
• less importance put on beauty and more on realism

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Greek Art
Hellenistic Sculpture
The Winged Victory of Samothrace
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Greek Art
Pottery

• Pottery was very important in Greece.
• Carrying water
• Storing cooking oil
• Keeping wine
• Holding precious liquids

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Greek Art
Pottery
This Greek vase is the most common shape and is
known as amphora.
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Greek Art
Lid
Pottery
This Greek vase is the most common shape and is
known as amphora.
Handles
Body
Foot
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Greek Art
Pottery
Other common shapes and sizes of Greek pottery
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Greek Art
Pottery
Decorative Surface

• Stylized figures
• Animals
• Mythical beasts
• Pattern
• Ornamental Bands
• Pictures tells a story

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Greek Art
Pottery
Black-Figured
Red-Figured
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Greek Art
Pottery
This black-figure amphora, or two-handled urn
dates around 510 BC-500 BC, and shows Peleus
chasing Thetis. Vases with reversed colors,
where the background is black and the figures are
red, are known as red-figure vases.
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Assignment
Imagine you are a potter in ancient Greece. It
is your job to make a special urn for your
family. Your urn should tell a story about
something that has happened in your lifetime.
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Assignment

• TELL A STORY IN YOUR ART
• personal time in your life
• personal accomplishment or celebration
• a family tradition
• a portrait of your family
• events you/family participate in
• family vacation
• community involvement
• current event that happened in history during
  your life
• What other ideas do you have?

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ROMAN ART
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Roman Art

• The Romans used the Greeks as a model for their
  art. Unlike the Greeks they used gesture and
  expression in their sculpture and proportioned
  their bodies to 7 ½ heads tall. Columns were used
  as decoration rather than structural support. The
  Romans were great engineers and founders of the
  arch, vault and dome.
• ARCH ½ rounded opening
• VAULT using the principle of the arch, rooms
  would be built with a ½ rounded ceiling.
• DOME an area in the ceiling that protruded in a
  rounded fashion.

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Roman Art
Roman Vault
Roman Arch
Roman Dome
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Roman Art

• ARCHITECTURE
• Roman baths
• enclosed structures or open air
• social centers such as todays malls that
  included swimming pools, restaurants, shops,
  libraries, lecture halls and gymnasiums
• Series of pools that went from hot to cold in
  temperatures

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Roman Art
Roman Baths
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Roman Art

• Coliseum
• -housed sports events, chariot races and
  celebrations
• -4 stories in height 1st story used Doric
  columns, 2nd story used ionic columns and the 3rd
  and 4th stories used Corinthian columns.
• -Sloped tiers of seats that could accommodate
  50,000 seats
• -Beneath the floor were passageways and
  compartments for animals and barracks for
  gladiators

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Roman Art
Coliseum
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Roman Art

• Pantheon
• -Temple for all the roman gods
• -Exterior Domed shaped drum with 8 columned
  front porch for decoration. Materials were brick
  and concrete.
• -Interior Dome was 110 feet opening at the top
  of the building. There were niches, which are
  recesses in the walls to hold the statues of the
  seven planetary gods. Coffers or indented panels
  in the dome helped to lessen the strain on the
  dome.

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Roman Art
Pantheon
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Roman Art

• Basilica
• -Rectangular buildings used for public meeting
  halls.
• -Became the model for Christian church builders
  because of the nave (center aisle) and the
  smaller side aisles.

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Dome Designed by Michelangelo (1546)
Capacity of 60,000 people
St. Peters Basilica (1506)
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Roman Art

• Triumphal Arches
• Heavily decorated arches used by military leaders
  and troops in victory celebrations.
• Arch of Constantine

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Roman Art
Arch of Constantine
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Roman Art

• SCULPTURE
• -Copied the Greeks
• -Portrait sculptures - unlike the Greeks in that
  the sculptures were realistic and were designed
  to resemble a particular person exactly. The
  Greeks were more idealistic and designed their
  sculptures as examples of beauty.

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Roman Art
Marcus Aurelius
Julius Caesar
Statue of Trajan (Roman Emperor from 98 AD - 117
AD)
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Artists in Focus
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Michelangelo

• Italian Artist 1475 1564
• Renaissance
• Mediums sculpture, fresco, architecture, poetry
• Significant artwork
• Pieta c. 1500 marble life size sculpture of Mary
  mourning over the body of Christ. St. Petes,
  Rome, Italy
• Ceiling of the Sistine Chapel 1508-1512.
  Fresco. The Vatican, Rome, Italy
• David 1501-1504. 18 high marble. Florence, Italy
• Moses . 1513-1515. Approximately 8high
  marble. San Pietro in Vincoli, Rome, Italy.
• Michelangelo was a prolific artist, with a
  celebrated Italian temper. It is said that he
  received a broken nose during his apprenticeship,
  resulting from an argument with his mentor. 
• Italy was flourishing under the leadership of
  Lorenzo Medici, who began a rebirth of the arts
  called the Renaissance. Lorenzo was
  Michelangelos patron and allowed him to
  create. Another supporter of Michelangelo was
  Pope Julius II who commissioned Michelangelo to
  paint the Sistine Chapel and also design his
  tomb.

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Michelangelo
Sistine Chapel Ceiling
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Michelangelo
David
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Michelangelo
Pietà
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Michelangelo
Moses
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Leonardo Da Vinci

• TIME PERIOD
• Renaissance, 16th Century
• MEDIUM Painting, Drawing Sculpture
• STYLE Observations from life, Realism, Used
  chiaroscuro (value), smufato (atmospheric
  perspective), and linear perspective.
• THEME/MOOD
• Paintings, Architecture, Elements of Mechanics,
  Human Anatomy
• HISTORICAL CONNECTIONS Was an inventor,
  scientist, writer, mathematician, architect,
  philosopher, and artist, Used the laws of science
  at the time to perfect his art to contain, form
  and depth, Created numerous inventions that can
  be found today such as a diving hood, submarine,
  bicycle, auto-mobile, helicopter, and variety of
  war weapons, Dissected, observed, and sketched
  the human anatomy.
• TITLES Portrait of Mona Lisa (1479-1528), also
  known as La Gioconda
• 1503-06 (150 Kb) Oil on wood, 77 x 53 cm (30 x
  20 7/8 in)Musee du Louvre, Paris
• The Last Supper, 1498 (180 Kb) Fresco, 460 x
  880 cm (15 x 29 ft) Convent of Santa Maria delle
  Grazie (Refectory), Milan
• Vitruvian Man, pen and ink drawing

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Leonardo Da Vinci
The Last Supper
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Leonardo Da Vinci
Mona Lisa
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Leonardo Da Vinci
Vitruvian Man
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Claude Monet

• (November 14, 1840 - December 5, 1946 Giverny)
• Fast Facts
• Creator of Impressionist art movement
• His parents were supportive of his art
• Lived at Giverny for 43 years this was a major
  inspiration for his artwork
• Subject/Themes Landscapes and still lives.
  Series Water lilies, Cathedrals, and Haystacks
• Time Period Late 19th-20th Century 1867-1896
• Media Oil paint
• Theme/mood Small strokes of mixed and unmixed
  paint to reflect actual light
• Historical connection Impressionism was a
  reaction to realist, over-romanticism or
  sappiness in art. It was also the mark of modern
  painting.
• Other Works Haystacks Meule Soleil Couchant
  (1891, oil), Water lilies(1906, oil), The Walkers
  (Bazille and Camille) (1865, Oil)   

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Claude Monet
Water Lilies
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Claude Monet
Haystacks Meule Soleil Couchant
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Claude Monet
The Walkers
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Vincent Van Gogh

• VINCENT VAN GOGH (1853-1890)
• TIME PERIOD Impressionism Post Impressionism
• MEDIUM Oil Paint experimented with lithography
  after purchasing Japanese prints
• STYLE His earlier works, prior to his move to
  Paris in 1886, were of dark muted limited color.
  The Impressionism and Post Impressionism movement
  influenced a new colorful palette for Van Gogh.
  Van Gogh's style of painting was to paint in
  thick strokes and blots of colorful paint.  By
  placing different color strokes next to each
  other and not blending them together, this tricks
  the eye in a sensation of movement.  His style is
  the forerunner to Expressionism.
• THEME/MOOD Portraits Still Life Landscapes
• HISTORICAL CONNECTIONS Van Gogh painted on the
  banks with Pissarro. Gaugin was his roommate and
  also inspired Van Gogh to paint from memory.
• TITLES Van Gogh painted over 1000 paintings in
  his lifetime and did just as many drawings and
  sketches. His style is so recognizable that other
  titles can be added if needed.
• The Potato Eaters 1885 Oil on cavas, 81.5 x
  114.5 cm Rijksmuseum Vincent van Gogh, Amsterdam
  Sunflowers 1888, Oil, London National Gallery The
  Night Cafe 1888 Oil on canvas,Yale University
  The Starry Night 1889, Oil on canvas, 29 x
  36.25, The Museum of Modern Art, New York
  Self-Portrait 1889, Oil on canvas, 25.5 x 21.25
  (65 x 54 cm)Musee dOrsay, Paris

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Vincent Van Gogh
The Potato Eaters
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Vincent Van Gogh
Still Life
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Vincent Van Gogh
The Starry Night
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Vincent Van Gogh
Sunflowers
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Pablo Picasso

• Subject everything
• Themes/Moods
• Blue Period (19011904), consisting of somber,
  blue-tinted paintings often featuring depictions
  of acrobats, harlequins, prostitutes, beggars
  and other artists.
• Rose Period (19051907), characterized by a
  more cheery style with orange and pink colors,
  and again featuring many harlequins.
• African-influenced Period (19081909),
  influenced by the two figures on the right in
  his painting, Les Demoiselles d'Avignon, which
  were themselves inspired by African artifacts.
• Analytic Cubism (19091912), a style of
  painting he developed along with Braque using
  monochrome brownish colors, where they took apart
  objects and "analyzed" them in terms of their
  shapes. Picasso and Braque's paintings at this
  time are very similar to each other.
• Synthetic Cubism (19121919), involving the use
  of collage and cut paper, the first time
  collage had been used in fine art.
• Media Various (paint, sculpture, lithographs,
  ceramics)
• Recognizable Titles
• Les Noces de Pierrette -
• Guernica
• Blue Nude
• The old Guitartist

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Pablo Picasso
Self Portrait
Self Portrait
Every child is an artist.The problem is how to
remain an artist once we grow up.(Pablo Picasso)
Don Quixote
Gertrude Stein
Girl With Brown Hair
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Blue Period
The Old Guitarist
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Blue Period
Blue Nude
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Blue Period
Les Noces de Pierrette
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Rose Period
Lady with a Fan
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Rose Period
The Girl with the Goat
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Rose Period
Boy with a Pipe
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African Influenced Period
Began African influenced period
Les Demoiselles d'Avignon
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African Influenced Period
Femme nue au bord de la mer
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Analytic Cubism
Guernica
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Analytic Cubism
Portrait of Daniel Henry Kahnweiler
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Synthetic Cubism
Glass and Bottle of Suze
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Thomas Hart Benton

• B April 15,1889 Missouri  D January 19, 1975
  Missouri
• Subject/Themes Common everyday Midwest life,
  Landscapes, Figures
• Time Period Regionalist Movement 1930s
• Media Oil Paint
• Theme/mood Cartoon like distortion of the
  figure, Folklore, rural life, and common America
• Historical connection Pioneered American
  Regionalist movement-described by artwork with
  rural life and/or Folklore Murals, Studied art
  with Jackson Pollock, Shows the struggle between
  the disappearance of the Midwest, Hitler self
  appoints himself as War Minister in 1938
• Works Cradling Wheat (1938), Doing the Twist
  (1960 Oil paint 24x36)

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Thomas Hart Benton
Cradling Wheat
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Thomas Hart Benton
Doing the Twist
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Thomas Hart Benton
Shes Off
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Thomas Hart Benton
Steel
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Frida Kahlo

• B July 6, 1907 D July 13, 1954
• Subject Self portraits
• Theme/Mood Portrays suffering of her youth
  (polio), Surrealism, Mexican culture
• Media oil
• Historical Connection Combined surrealism,
  cubism, and symbolism. After the accident, Kahlo
  turned her attention from a medical career to a
  full time painting career. Drawing on her
  personal experiences (her troubled marriage, her
  painful miscarriages, her numerous operations),
  her works are often shocking in their stark
  portrayal of pain. Fifty-five of her 143
  paintings are self-portraits, often incorporating
  symbolic portrayal of her physical and
  psychological wounds. She was deeply influenced
  by indigenous Mexican culture, which surfaced in
  her paintings' bright colors, dramatic symbolism,
  and unapologetic rendering of often harsh and
  gory content.Although Kahlo's work is sometimes
  classified as surrealist, and she did exhibit
  several times with European surrealists, she
  never considered herself a surrealist. Her
  preoccupation with female themes and the
  figurative candor with which she expressed them
  made her something of a feminist cult figure in
  the last decades of the 20th century.
• Recognizable Titles Self portraits

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Frida Kahlo
Self Portrait With Monkey
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Frida Kahlo
El venadito
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Frida Kahlo
Diego On My Mind
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Jacob Lawrence

• (1917 - 2000)
• TIME PERIOD 20th Century American Artist Harlem
• Renaissance Movement
• MEDIUM Paint (gouache and tempera)
• STYLE Narrative, influenced by Cubism, flat
  overlapping shapes, abstract colors
• THEME/MOOD Best known for his narrative
  paintings that depict important moments in
  African-American history such as the Migration
  Series which interprets the largest movement of
  Blacks from the South in search of a better life
  in the North.
• HISTORICAL CONNECTIONS He was known for
  narrative paintings of famous African-Americans
  in throughout history such as Frederick Douglas,
  Harriet Tubman, and John Brown. The world was
  sharply divided between two competing schools
  realism and abstractionism. Lawrence rejected
  both, charting his own course. His distinctive
  style evolved out of his subject matter,
  borrowing elements from several aesthetic
  traditions. His paintings are alive with human
  figures--usually African-Americans--engaged in
  all manner of activity. Without excess of
  emotion, they bear themselves and their
  circumstances with a transcendent dignity and
  grace. Lawrence's unique style of collage
  cubism--employing flat shapes, controlled
  outlines, and busy yet forceful
  compositions--simplifies and stylizes the human
  form. Patches of vivid, flat color juxtaposed
  upon layered planes of bold, repetitive patterns
  suggest the jumble of color and design found in a
  patchwork quilt or an African textile.
• TITLES The Migration of the Negro, panel 3,
  1940-41, Casein tempera on hardboard, 12 x 18
  in., The Phillips Collection, Washington DC

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Jacob Lawrence
The Migration of the Negro (panel 3)
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Jacob Lawrence
Munich Games
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Jacob Lawrence
Carpenters
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Jacob Lawrence
Man on a Scaffold
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Deborah Butterfield

• B May 7th, 1949
• Subject Horses
• Media Scrap Metal, Cast Bronze, Sticks, and
  plant materials
• Mood/Theme Motionless positions to portray a
  painting like instance of sculpture
• Historical Connection Deborah Butterfield was
  born on the day of the Kentucky Derby in 1949 in
  San Diego, California. She fell in love with
  horses the first time she saw one and has been
  obsessed with the animal ever since. As a child
  she enjoyed riding horses, being around them and
  drawing them. She always drew as a child. The San
  Diego Zoo and the Art Museum offered classes in
  drawing animals at the zoo. As a nine year old,
  she sat among the tortoises, played with the lion
  cubs and even drew in the freezing penguin
  house. Her mentor was a veterinary friend of the
  family. She would often spend her weekends
  helping take care of horses. Butterfield was torn
  between becoming a veterinarian or an artist
  which was one reason she went to college at
  University of California at Davis---they had an
  excellent art school and vet school. She received
  her B.A from Davis in 1972, her MFA from UC Davis
  in 1975 and also attended the Skowhegan School of
  Painting and Sculpture in Skowhegan, Maine.
• Works
• Restrained (1999)
• Rufus (2005)
• Rocky Boy (2004)

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Deborah Butterfield
Rocky Boy
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Deborah Butterfield
Rufus
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Deborah Butterfield
Restrained
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Deborah Butterfield
Firestone
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