Gene Knockouts Genome Projects

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Gene KnockoutsGenome Projects

• Knockouts
• Genetic Footprinting
• Transgenics
• Genome Projects

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Genetics

• Study of gene function by variation

Hammer
BreadBoard
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Gene Knockouts(Loss of Function)

• Yeast
• Mouse

Sketch Pad
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Yeast Knockout Project

• Technology
• Status
• Limitations
• Results

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Results

• 1/3 Not Essential
• 1/3 Phenotype Detected
• 1/3 Essential

• Redundant
• Essential in another condition
• Marginal Benefit
• Old Clothes analogy

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Marginal Benefit
Petite
bradytroph
Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 95253
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Mouse Knockouts

• Database
• Progress

Sketch Method
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Mouse Knockouts

• No Effect (5)
• Effect on 1 or more organ (65)
• Prenatal Mortality (25)
• Perinatal Mortality (5)

Non-Random Sample
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Sample Knockout Neuronal NO Synthase Deficiency
NO-minus AGGRESSIVE

• Change
• NO directly brake aggression?
• NO modify brain wiring?

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Transgenics(Gain of Function)

• Introduction
• Controlled expression
• temporal
• tissue-specific

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Alternate Technologies

• Genetic Footprinting
• Examples
• Alternate Disruption Strategies

Sketch Pad
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Resources

• YEAST
• sequence-www.stanford.edu/group/yeast_deletion_pro
  ject/deletions3.html
• genome-www.stanford.edu/rjk/chrV/prechrV.html

• MOUSE
• tbase.jax.org/docs/databases.html