Fisheries and Aquaculture Statistics with emphasis on GIS tools for Data collection

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Fisheries and Aquaculture Statistics with
emphasis on GIS tools for Data collection the
African Water Resource Database

• José Aguilar-Manjarrez
  Alan Lowther
• Fishery Resources Officer
  Fishery Statistician, Aquaculture
• FAO Aquaculture Management
  FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture
• and Conservation Service (FIMA)
  Information and Statistics Service (FIES)

20th Session of the African Commission on
Agricultural Statistics (AFCAS) Algiers,
ALGERIA 10-13 December 2007
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• Objective

• Describe the potential use of Geographic
  Information Systems (GIS) and remote sensing for
  data collection activities for fisheries and
  aquaculture and, by extension, for agriculture -
  In particular, the African Water Resource
  Database is highlighted

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Overview Fisheries and Aquaculture in AFCAS

1. Why? Importance of inland fisheries and
   aquaculture
2. Issues
3. How The role of GIS and remote sensing (African
   Water Resource Database)
4. Why? Relevance to agriculture
5. Conclusions and recommendations

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• Why? Importance of inland fisheries and
• aquaculture

Global aquaculture production
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Top inland fisheries producing countries in
Africa 2005 (capture plus aquaculture)
Country Tonnes
Percent African total
Egypt 781,848 25.9
Uganda 427,575 14.1
Tanzania, United Rep. 298,511 9.9
Nigeria 294,406 9.7
Congo, Dem. Rep. 217,965 7.2
Kenya 142,067 4.7
Mali 101,008 3.3
Rest of Africa 759,046 25.1
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Issues for data collection in inland fisheries
and aquaculture

• In light of the importance being placed on
  fisheries resources, the need for improved data
  and information is clear.
• There is an urgent need for better data on inland
  fisheries that could be interpreted in both
  economic and ecological terms.
• There is a lack of accurate information on
  fisheries and aquaculture structures.

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Issues for data collection in inland fisheries
and aquaculture Contd.

• In general, data collection methods on fisheries
  and aquaculture statistics in many areas are
  often based on the application of traditional
  methods.
• Additional approaches when and where appropriate
  to supplement data collected by traditional
  methods are agricultural surveys, and GIS and
  remote sensing techniques.

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1. How? The role of GIS and remote sensing

Social/Economic Factors
Biodiversity
Engineering
Agriculture/Aquaculture
Environmental Considerations
Seeing the whole picture
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1. How? African Water Resource Database

• A framework in which to organize information
  about inland fisheries and aquaculture is
  embodied in the African Water Resource Database
  (AWRD)

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• The African Water Resource Database (AWRD) is a
  set of data and custom-designed tools, combined
  in a GIS analytical framework aimed at
  facilitating responsible inland aquatic resource
  management with a specific focus on inland
  fisheries and aquaculture.

For more information on the database, please
visit Concepts and application case studies
http//www.fao.org/docrep/010/a1170e/a1170e00.htm
Technical manual and workbook
http//www.fao.org/docrep/010/a0907e/a0907e00.htm
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AWRD data archive

• AWRD archive is comprised of 153 unique data
  layers representing 4.7 Gb of data.
• Main data categories (continental and national
  level datasets) are Surface water bodies
  Watersheds Aquatic species Rivers Political
  boundaries Population density Soils Satellite
  imagery and many other physiographic and
  climatological data types.
• In general, the source scale of these data
  support analyses from 165 000 to 15 000 000 for
  vector data, and a nominal resolution of 1 to 5
  kilometers for raster data.
• AWRD archive is comprised of resource material
  from some twenty-eight spatial data sources or
  institutions.

For data download visit us at Data
http//www.fao.org/fi/gisfish/id/2389
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Custom-designed viewing and analytical tools

• Six analytical modules comprise the core of the
  AWRD interface
• Data and metadata
• Surface water bodies
• Watersheds
• Aquatic species
• Statistical analysis
• Additional Tools Customization

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1. Data and Metadata Module
Module provides dialogs for displaying and
collecting metadata.
Benefits Metadata are extremely useful for
analyzing and sharing data
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2. Surface water bodies Module
Module allows for display of waterbody attributes
and generates basic statistics reports.
Benefits From a fisheries viewpoint it is
important to note that the various surface water
bodies are linked to data that characterize them.
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3. Watersheds Module
This module offers a wide variety of tools
specifically designed to analyze and visualize
watersheds
Benefits This tool can assist in addressing
transboundary issues, for example to help assess
the risks and benefits from the use of alien
species.
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4. Aquatic Species Module
This module provides users with the ability to
spatially represent and visualize the
distributions of aquatic species
Benefits AWRD can support the analysis of
aquatic species distributions using either
watersheds, administrative boundaries, and
environmental criteria.
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5. Statistical analysis Module
This module has four main components for
statistical analysis.
Benefits This module provides a range of summary
statistics as an essential part of any basic data
analysis.
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6. Additional Tools Customization Module
Module contains several additional statistical,
data visualization, and spatial referencing tools
Benefits Offers users a wide range of additional
tools to enhance visualization and analysis for
aquatic resource management.
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Case studies

• Six case studies demonstrate how the AWRD archive
  and tools can be used to directly address key
  issues in inland aquatic resource management
• Surface water bodies inventory
• Inventory of fish habitats and productivities
• Predicting potential fish yield
• Preliminary hydrological reporting
• Invasive and introduced aquatic species
• Spatial visualization and base mapping

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1. Surface water bodies inventory
AWRD archive provides spatial data to develop
more consistent baselines to more fully support
fisheries and integrated water resources
management.
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2. Inventory of fish habitats and productivities
Demonstrates how Fisheries can effectively be
managed only when the characteristics of fishery
habitats are known.
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3. Predicting potential fish yield
Potential Fish Yield is a critical value for
fisheries managers
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4. Preliminary hydrological reporting
The AWRD provides a wide range of options to
users for the production of contextual reports
and establishing baselines for informing or
testing inland fisheries related analyses.
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5. Invasive and introduced aquatic species
The AWRD provides a robust baseline approach to
the analysis of aquatic taxa
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6. Spatial visualization and base mapping
Maps can be integrated and support more dynamic
and realistic state of the environment reporting.
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Opportunities

• Two FAO Technical Cooperation Projects (TCP) will
  assist in the elaboration of a plan for the
  development of aquaculture in the Republic of
  Cameroon and in the Islamic Republic of
  Mauritania.
• Collection and analysis of statistics on inland
  fisheries and aquaculture will be explored in
  both projects using the AWRD.

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Training
Successfully completed GIS/Remote Sensing for
statistics demonstration projects are needed as
models for the training and for adoption and
adaptation by other countries.
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1. Why? - Relevance to agriculture

• The use of GIS depends on how the statistics are
  gathered by each country.
• Most countries do not use GIS and Remote Sensing
  techniques for agricultural statistics.
• In many developed countries remote sensing is
  often used to establish strata for area frame
  sampling.

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Relevance to agriculture - Contd

• Methodological studies on alternative methods for
  data collection on crop area and production using
  more modern techniques, including remote sensing,
  for agricultural statistics are being explored at
  FAO.
• Republic of Kenya and Republic of Zambia
  Integrated Land Use Assessment (Forest Resources
  Development Service).
• Republic of Sierra Leone. Related approach on
  land use planning (Natural Resources Management
  and Conservation Department)

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1. Conclusions and recommendations

• The advantage of GIS and remote sensing, and
  specifically of AWRD, is that it can bring
  together information on fishing effort or on
  aquaculture management practices together with
  the influences of the environment in order to
  predict fishery output or where aquaculture
  potential is high.

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Conclusions and recommendations - Contd

• AWRD tool can be immediately applicable to assist
  in a wide variety of recent issues addressed at
  CIFA such as
• Improving the reporting on status and trends in
  inland fisheries and aquaculture
• Co-management of shared inland fisheries
  resources
• Transboundary movements of aquatic species and
• Increased participation of stakeholders in the
  decision making process about watershed area
  uses.
• The scope of analyses possible via the AWRD is by
  no means restricted to fisheries and aquaculture
  reporting or planning.

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The Commission is invited to

• Review the AWRD and provide guidance to members
  and FAO, as well as other agencies and
  international organizations, on how to fully
  benefit from the use of GIS tools
• Consider strengthening GIS capacities at the
  national level to enhance agriculture, fisheries
  and aquaculture statistics data collection and
  analysis
• Consider the potential for including the
  collection of basic fisheries and aquaculture
  data within their agricultural data collections,
  and to share experiences and opportunities for
  collaboration with colleagues within the
  fisheries and aquaculture field.
• Contact us for questions and further discussion
• Jose.AguilarManjarrez_at_fao.org or
  Alan.Lowther_at_fao.org