TriSpecies Potato Germplasm With Resistance to Wireworm of the Eastern and Western U'S'

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Tri-Species Potato Germplasm With Resistance to
Wireworm of the Eastern and Western U.S.

• Rich Novy1, Juan Alvarez2, Tom Kuhar, Rikki
  Sterret3, and Dave Horton4
• 1USDA-ARS and 2University of Idaho, Aberdeen,
  ID, 3Virginia Polytechnic Institute State
  University, Painter, VA, 4USDA-ARS, Wapato, WA

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Wireworm Potato

• 39 species of 12 Genera in the U.S.
• Sugarbeet Wireworm (Limonius californicus)
• Pacific Coast Wireworm (L. canus)
• Great Basin Wireworm (Ctenicera pruinina)
• Damage
• Spring FeedingPoor stands
• Developing Tuber-Unmarketable

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Wireworm Potato

• Increasing Problem for Producers
• Loss of effective insecticides
• 5 currently registered
• May lose registration
• Partially effective in wireworm control
• Changing Crop Rotations
• Host Plant Resistance?
• Limited Literature
• Agriotes spp.
• Varieties all susceptible
• Selatosomus puncticollis
• 22 of varieties highly resistant

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Tri-Species Somatic Hybrid

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2nd Generation Progeny

• Five Clones, Russet Burbank, and Cascade
• Evaluated
• Greenhouse GPA
• Field PLRV, PVY, GPA
• Field Cage PLRV, GPA
• Resistances of S. etuberosum
• PVY
• PLRV
• Green Peach Aphid (GPA)
• Reference Novy et al. (2002) Amer. J. of Potato
  Res. 799-18

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GPA Resistance

• Antibiosis
• Reduced fecundity
• Growth inhibition
• Decreased nymph survival
• Evident in Field and Cage Trials
• Resistance to other insects?
• Colorado potato beetle
• Wireworm

2002 Yes
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Field Evaluation for Wireworm Resistance 2002-2003

• Kimberly, Idaho
• Sugarbeet wireworm predominant species
• BC1-3, and tbr-ber parent
• Evaluation of Wireworm Damage
• tubers damaged by wireworm
• 2003 Relative to flanking R. Burbank
• Mean number of holes / tuber (damaged)
• Resistance comparable / better than chemicals
• Resistant clones with acceptable tuber TGA

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Effective Across Regions?

• VA and WA in 2003
• Preliminary Study
• 2004-2005 Field Studies
• Idaho Sugarbeet Wireworm
• Virginia Corn, tobacco, and Conoderus spp.
• Washington Pacific Coast Wireworm
• Material
• Somatic Hybrid Parent 463-4
• 11 breeding clones BC1-3

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Inter-Regional Screening

• RCB Design
• 4 replicates in 04 5 reps. in 05
• 25 plots 04 12 in 05
• Russet Burbank borders in WA and ID
• Atlantic borders in VA
• Tubers Damaged by Wireworm
• 100 tubers / plot 50 tubers in 05
• 100 tubers (04) and 50 tubers (05) from flanking
  plots
• Damage relative to Atlantic or Russet Burbank

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463-4 Somatic Hybrid Parent
Damaged Tubers
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P2-4 1st Generation Progeny
Damaged Tubers
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Etb 6-21-5 2nd Generation
Damaged Tubers
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A00Etb20-7 3rd Generation
Damaged Tubers
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A00Etb22-20 3rd Generation
Damaged Tubers
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A00Etb23-2 3rd Generation
Damaged Tubers
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Notable Breeding Clones

• 1st Generation P2-4
• gt75 reduction in wireworm damage relative to
  Burbank/Atlantic
• All sites and years
• Complete chromosome set of S. etuberosum
• Tomatine
• 1000x larger peak area than other entries
• Likely contributing to high wireworm resistance
• 2nd Generation Etb 6-21-5
• gt45 reduction in wireworm damage relative to
  Burbank/Atlantic
• All locations and years

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Notable Breeding Clones-Continued

• 3rd Generation
• A00Etb20-7
• ID Average of 64 reduction across years
• WA Average of 21 reduction across years
• VA Average of 47 reduction across years
• A00Etb22-20
• ID Average of 84 reduction across years
• WA Average of 51 reduction across years
• VA Average of 32 reduction across years

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Summary

• Progeny of S. etb ber tbr Somatic
  HybridsResistances
• Green Peach Aphid
• Colorado Potato Beetle
• Wireworm
• Wireworm Resistance
• Resistance comparable or better than chemical
  control
• Heritable
• Stable expression over years at a location
• Clone x location interaction
• Diverse wireworm species complex
• Segregation for phytochemicals
• Glycoalkaloids and Resistance
• Not associated with high TGA in 3rd generation
• Single or synergistic action? Concentrations?
• Other unknown compound(s)?

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Acknowledgements

• Potato Breeding and Potato Entomology Support
  Staff Special Thanks to Brian Schneider

Thank you!