Teledyne Hastings Instruments

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Teledyne Hastings Instruments

• Vacuum Products Overview

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Vacuum Basics

• All vacuum systems contain a large number of gas
  molecules.
• These molecules exert a force on the walls of the
  system.
• The pressure is defined as the force per unit
  area. PF/A

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Vacuum Basics
22.4 Liters of a gas (at 273 K and 1 atmosphere)
contains 6.02 x 1023 Molecules
760 Torr 2.5 x 1019 Molecules per cm3 10-3 3.3
x 1013 Molecules per cm3 10-9 3.3 x 107
Molecules per cm3
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Vacuum Basics
Useful Conversions
1 Atm. 760 Torr 1 mm Hg 1 Torr 1 µm
Hg 0.001 Torr (1 mTorr) 1 micron 0.001 Torr (1
mTorr) 1 Torr 133 Pa 1 mbar .75 Torr
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Teledyne Hastings uses three methods to measure
vacuum
Vacuum Technologies

• Direct Force
• Thermal Energy Transfer
• Ionization

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Low Vacuum (Direct Force)

• Direct Force
• Thermal Energy Transfer
• Ionization

• Teledyne Hastings uses piezoresistive pressure
  sensors to directly measure the force exerted by
  the gas onto a surface.
• In a piezoresistor, the resistance of the
  material changes as pressure is applied.
• Important point is that the sensitivity is gas
  composition independent! In other words, it
  doesnt matter if the customer is using air,
  helium, natural gas, the output for a given
  pressure will be the same.

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Low Vacuum (Direct Force)
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THPS-760 Plus / HPM-760S
Low Vacuum (Direct Force)

• Range 0.1 to 1000 Torr
• Piezoresistive sensor
• 316SS wetted surfaces
• Multiple fittings available
• Fast response / linear output
• Transducer available in
• 0 5 vdc
• 0 10 vdc
• 4 20 mA
• 2 10 mA
• Available power supply / display / controller
  with 2 setpoints relays (works with 0 10 vdc
  transducer)

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DC Supply Voltage In - Linear Signal Out
Low Vacuum (Direct Force)
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You can also consider using the PowerPod100 or
PowerPod400 with the HPM-760S
Low Vacuum (Direct Force)

• Provides regulated DC to HPM-760S
• Easy to wire (cables not pre-engineered)
• Two TTL Setpoints
• RS-232
• Analog Output

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Medium Vacuum (Thermal Energy Transfer)

• Direct Force
• Thermal Energy Transfer
• Ionization

• Heat is transferred by molecular collisions.

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Thermocouple
Medium Vacuum (Thermal Energy Transfer)

• Attach two different metals together
• Generates a small voltage which is a function of
  the temperature.

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Temperature of the thermocouple is a function of
the pressure.
Medium Vacuum (Thermal Energy Transfer)

• At low pressures, fewer molecules and less heat
  transfer from thermocouple to gas molecules
• At higher pressures, more molecules therefore
  greater amount of heat transfer
• Note Different gas molecules have different
  thermal conductivities for a given pressure.

Nomograms available for gases other than Air
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Thermocouple Gauge Tubes
Medium Vacuum (Thermal Energy Transfer)

• Ranges
• 0.1 20 Torr
• 1 1000 mTorr
• 0.2 100 mTorr
• Tubes are color-coded by range
• Simple / Reliable / Economical
• Multiple fittings available
• Multiple application configurations for
• Materials of construction
• Increased Pressure Temperature
• Vibration
• Outdoor service

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Gauges for Thermocouple Gauge Tubes
Medium Vacuum
Medium Vacuum (Thermal Energy Transfer)

• VT / CVT
• Dial-face display
• Controller version available with set points
• Optional 0-1 vdc output available

• Digital
• VT CVT
• Digital display
• Controller version available with set points
• RS232

• HPM 4/6
• Hand-held portable
• Battery powered
• Digital display
• Carrying case included

• DAVC
• System Mounted
• 0-1 vdc output
• Set point
• RS232

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Special Opportunities
Medium Vacuum (Thermal Energy Transfer)

• If you have a high volume opportunity which
  requires a variation of a thermocouple gauge tube
  even a competitors
• Talk to us!!!
• Hastings has acquired a reputation of being a
  supplier of high quality gauge tubes with a
  commitment to meeting customers delivery
  schedules.

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HPM-2002S Sensor
Wide Range Sensor (Hybrid Direct Force
Thermal Energy Transfer)

• A dual sensor pressure/vacuum measuring
  instrument which provides accurate and repeatable
  performance.

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HPM-2002S Sensor Header
Wide Range Sensor (Hybrid Direct Force
Thermal Energy Transfer)
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HPM-2002 OBE
Wide Range Sensor (Hybrid Direct Force
Thermal Energy Transfer)

• Range 10-4 1000 Torr
• Uses HPM-2002S sensor
• Hybrid sensor includes
• Piezoresistive
• Thin film pirani
• Panel mount or system mount
• Multiple fittings available
• Outputs / Communication
• 0-5 vdc
• 0-10 vdc
• 4-20 mA
• RS232 / RS485
• DeviceNetTM
• Sensors are exposed to gas (and contamination)

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Wide Range Sensor (Hybrid Direct Force
Thermal Energy Transfer)
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Wide Range Sensor (Hybrid Direct Force
Thermal Energy Transfer)
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High Vacuum (Ionization)

• Direct Force
• Thermal Energy Transfer
• Ionization

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How does it work?
High Vacuum (Ionization)

• Filament operates hot enough to thermionically
  emit electrons (Ie)
• Electrons are accelerated to the grid
• Ions (I ) are created in collisions between
  electrons and gas molecules
• Ions are then accelerated to the collector
• I K Ie P

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IGE-3000
High Vacuum (Ionization)

• Range 10-10 10-2 Torr
• Miniature Bayard-Alpert ionization gauge
• System mount
• Multiple fittings available
• Communication
• RS232
• RS485
• Analog outputs not available
• Automatic or selectable emission current
• Purchase sensor and electronics separately

IGE-3000
IGE-3000S (sensor)
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IGE-3000 Features
High Vacuum (Ionization)

• Dual (2) filaments per sensor tube
• Stable Accurate Electrode Voltages
• Precision Electrometer
• Automatic High-pressure Shutdown
• All-metal Small Gauge Tube - no glass breakage
• Automatic or Selectable Emission Current

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Applications
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Cryogenic Tanks (Vacuum Insulation)
Markets Applications

• Thermocouple Gauge Tubes (DV-6R DV-6S)
• Rugged (tested to Mil-Spec requirements)
• Economical
• Note Often used with HPM 4/6 (handheld)

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Markets Applications
Utilities Transformer Oil Fill-New and Repair

• DV-4D or DV-4R with VT-4B or Digital
  VT-4/CVT-4
• Sensor is forgiving even cleanable
• Economical
• HPM-2002 has been used with molecular sieve
  filter (contamination risk to sensor)

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Vacuum Metallurgy
Markets Applications

• Thermocouple Gauge Tubes (DV-4 DV-6)
• Reliable
• Economical (Often replaced during routine
  maintenance)
• Note Powered by VT/CVT or Digital VT/CVT

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Optical Coatings
Markets Applications

• HPM-2002, HPM-2002-OBE, and IGE-3000
• Wide-range (Atmosphere to below 10-3 Torr)
• Accurate
• Flexible (Set points/Analog outputs/RS232)
• Note New optical systems are dry (oil-free)
• Also These systems often have ion gauges.

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Decorative Coatings
Markets Applications

• HPM-2002, HPM-2002-OBE, and IGE-3000
• Wide-range (Atmosphere to below 10-3 Torr)
• Accurate
• Flexible (Set points/Analog outputs/RS232)
• Note Must use filter to prevent deposition on
  sensor

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Research/University/Accelerator
Markets Applications
Rough Vacuum (1 Torr to 1000 Torr)
HPM-760S Medium Vacuum (10-3 Torr to 1 Torr)
DV-4 DV-6 High Vacuum ( lt 10-3 Torr) IGE-3000
The pump is often the clue. Rough Vacuum (1 Torr
to 1000 Torr) Diaphragm Pump Medium Vacuum (10-3
Torr to 1 Torr) Rotary Vane Pump High Vacuum ( lt
10-3 Torr) Turbo or Diffusion Pump
Argonne Intense Pulsed Neutron Source
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Selection Drivers
Applications

• Pressure (Vacuum) Range
• Compatibility
• Materials
• Pressure
• Temperature
• Cleanliness
• Accuracy
• Budget
• Feature/Options

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Resources
Sales Support Tools

• Website www.teledyne-hi.com
• Application Notes
• Product Review

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Thank you!
Copies of todays slides will be posted for
download. Details to follow.Email questions and
suggestions to hastings_instruments_at_teledyne.com