Richest 10 % in the First World took 29% of total nationa

1
Galtungs Center-Periphery Model
cities rich, elites, multi-nationals
Richest 10 in the First World took 29 of total
national incomes. USA the richest 20 consume
60 the poorest 20 consume 3.
periphery
rural areas workers, farmers, poor
Poorest 10 in the First World got 2.5 of total
national incomes.
cities rich, elites, companies
Richest 10 of Latin Americans took 48 of total
national incomes. Columbia 3.3 million
smallholders owned 8.8 farmland 16,500
landowners held 62.6.
periphery
rural areas workers, farmers, poor
Poorest 10 of Latin Americans got 1.6 of total
national incomes.
2
Galtungs Center-Periphery Model
Center-center all of the U.S. intelligence
budget 40 of the defense budget is secret.
CIA devoted 28 billion to study the Soviet Union
(USSR), yet in the 1980s they never noticed the
economic collapse of the USSR. Center-center
U.S. budget for international affairs 93 to
Pentagon 7 to State Department. Center-center
1.4 million U.S. military people around the world
in 725 military bases from Iceland to
Japan. Center-center British empire on the eve
of the World War I had a trade surplus of 7 of
GDP USA, for the last 15 years, has had a trade
deficit of 5 every year imperial overreach?
3
Galtungs Center-Periphery Model
Infected web sites (IP addresses) and submarine
fiber-optic cables.
Center-center all of the US intelligence budget
40 of the defense budget is secret. CIA
devoted 28 billion to study the Soviet Union
(USSR), yet in the 1980s they never noticed the
economic collapse of the USSR. Center-center US
budget for international affairs 93 to
Pentagon 7 to State Department. Center-center
1.4 million US military people around the world
in 725 military bases from Iceland to
Japan. Center-center British empire on the eve
of the World War I had a trade surplus of 7 of
GDP USA, for the last 15 years, has had a trade
deficit of 5 every year imperial overreach?
4
Galtungs Center-Periphery Model
Three Stages of Imperialism
1) plunder
2) barter
In 2008, 72 of Americans haggled compared with
56 in 2007. They were successful about 80 of
the time.
3) monetary exchange Since World War II, the
USA has dominated world financial institutions,
such as the World Bank and Internal Monetary Fund
(IMF), world trade organizations (GATT and WTO),
and regional trade associations (NAFTA and FTAA).
Meanwhile, illegal, or underground, economies
play important roles 8 of GDP in USA 25 in
Greece 22 in Italy
5
Galtungs Center-Periphery Model

• Five Types of Imperialism
• economic US blockades of Cuba, Nicaragua, etc.
  in violation of United Nation resolutions
• political Chile, 1973 400 USA CIA agents
  assisted Augusto Pinochet, commander-in-chief of
  the army, to kill President Salvador Allende and
  overthrow his freely elected socialist
  government. US Secretary of State Henry Kissinger
  said Chilean people were irresponsible in voting
  for Allende!
• military US invasions of Vietnam (500 billion),
  Panama (3,000 killed), Grenada, Afghanistan and
  Iraq (1 trillion)
• over 730 military bases around the world
• communication, e.g., US computer expertise, air
  travel in English
• cultural, e.g., movies, music US movies 83 of
  global cinema box-office revenues

6
Galtungs Center-Periphery Model
7
Galtungs Center-Periphery Model

• Summary of US Imperialism in Latin America
• Mexico lost about half its territory to the
  United States in the war of 1846-48. Only 11 of
  the Mexicans have mainly a favorable view USA.
  Cubans resents the United States ever since 1898,
  when their hard- and long-fought war of
  independence against Spain was stolen from them
  by the yanquis in the Spanish-American War.
• The United States had made some 30 military
  interventions in and around the Caribbean by the
  early 20th century, many of them under Smedley
  Butler, a marine corps general, who summed up his
  career and the attitude of the USA government
• I helped make Honduras right for American
  fruit companies in 1903. I helped make Mexico
  safe for American oil interests in 1914. I helped
  make Haiti and Cuba a decent place for the
  National City Bank boys to collect revenues in. I
  helped in the raping of half a dozen Central
  American republics for the benefit of Wall
  Street. I helped purify Nicaragua for the
  international banking house of Brown Brothers in
  1909-12. I brought light to the Dominican
  Republic for American sugar interests in 1916.