Women should look like models. There is only one right wa

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Chapter 8

• Understanding Sexuality

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Chapter Outline

• Psychosexual Development in Young Adulthood
• Psychosexual Development in Middle Adulthood
• Psychosexual Development in Later Adulthood
• Sexual Behavior
• Sexual Enhancement

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Chapter Outline

• Sexual Relationships
• Nonconsensual Sexual Behavior
• Sexual Problems and Dysfunctions
• Birth Control
• Sexually Transmitted Diseases and HIV /Aids
• Sexual Responsibility

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Developmental Tasks In Young Adulthood

• Integrating love and sex.
• Forging intimacy and commitment.
• Making fertility/childbearing decisions.
• Establishing a sexual orientation.
• Developing a sexual philosophy.

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Traditional Female Sexual Scripts

• Sex is both good and bad.
• Girls dont want to know about their bodies down
  there.
• Sex is for men.
• Men should know what women want.
• Women shouldnt talk about sex.
• Women should look like models.
• There is only one right way to experience orgasm.

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Traditional Male Sexual Scripts

• Men should not have (or not express) certain
  feelings.
• Performance is the thing that counts.
• The man is in charge.
• A man always wants sex and is ready for it.
• All physical contact leads to sex.
• Sex equals intercourse.
• Sexual intercourse always leads to orgasm.

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Traits Associated with the Traditional Male Role

• Sexual competence.
• Ability to give partners orgasms.
• Sexual desire.
• Prolonged erection.
• Being a good lover.
• Fertility.
• Reliable erection.
• Heterosexuality.

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Contemporary Sexual Scripts

• Sexual expression is positive.
• Sexual activities are a mutual exchange of erotic
  pleasure.
• Sexuality is equally involving of both partners
  and the partners are equally responsible.

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Contemporary Sexual Scripts

• Legitimate sexual activities are not limited to
  sexual intercourse but also include masturbation
  and oral-genital sex.
• Sexual activities may be initiated by either
  partner.
• Both partners have a right to experience orgasm
  through intercourse oral genital sex or manual
  stimulation.

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Contemporary Sexual Scripts

• Nonmarital sex is acceptable within a
  relationship context.
• Gay lesbian and bisexual relationships are
  increasingly accepted especially on college
  campuses and in large cities.

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Stages in Acquiring a Lesbian or Gay Identity

• Fear and suspicion that ones desires are
  different from those of others.
• Labeling feelings of attraction love and desire
  as homoerotic if they recur often enough.
• The persons self-definition as lesbian or gay.
• Entering the gay subculture.
• First lesbian or gay love affair.

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Hate/Bias Crimes Against Gays

• According to one study of anti-gay hate crimes in
  eight U.S. cities
• 19 of gay men and lesbians reported being
  punched kicked beaten or hit because of sexual
  orientation.
• 44 faced threats of such violence.
• 94 suffered anti-gay victimization including
  being verbally abused chased or pelted with
  objects spat upon or assaulted.

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Factors in Anti-Gay Prejudice

• Deeply rooted insecurity concerning the persons
  own sexuality and gender identity.
• Strong fundamentalist religious orientation.
• Simple ignorance concerning homosexuality.

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Bisexual Identity Formation

• Initial confusion.
• Finding and applying the bisexual label.
• Settling into the identity and feeling at home
  with the bisexual label.
• Continued uncertainty.

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Psychosexual Development In Middle Adulthood

• Redefining sex in marital or other long-term
  relationships.
• Reevaluating ones sexuality.
• Accepting the biological aging process.

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Psychosexual Development in Later Adulthood

• Changing sexuality.
• Loss of partner.

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Conditions For Good Sex

• Accurate information about sexuality especially
  your own and your partners.
• Orientation toward sex based on pleasure rather
  than performance and orgasm.
• Being involved in a relationship that allows each
  persons sexuality to flourish.

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Conditions For Good Sex

• Ability to communicate about sex feelings and
  relationships.
• Being equally assertive and sensitive about your
  own sexual needs and those of your partner.
• Accepting understanding and appreciating
  differences between partners.

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Common Conditions for Good Sex

• Feeling intimate with your partner.
• Feeling sexually capable.
• Feeling trust.
• Feeling aroused.
• Feeling physically and mentally alert.
• Feeling positive about the environment and
  situation.

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Premarital Intercourse Individual factors

• Previous sexual experience
• Once the psychological barrier against premarital
  sex is broken sex becomes less taboo.
• Sexual attitudes
• Those with liberal sexual attitudes are more
  likely to engage in sexual activity.

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Premarital Intercourse Individual factors

• Personality characteristics
• Men and women who do not feel high levels of
  guilt about sexuality are more likely to engage
  in sex.
• Gender
• Women are more likely to comply with
  partner-initiated sex to maintain their
  relationships.

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Premarital Intercourse Relationship factors

• Level of intimacy.
• Length of time the couple has been together.
• Persons in relationships in which power is shared
  equally are more likely to be sexually involved
  than those in inequitable relationships.

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Lifetime Incidence of Infidelity
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Sexual Problems Among Traditional Marriages

• Failure of timing
• If men more often initiate sex couples may
  suffer from a lack of synchronicity.
• Failure of intimacy.
• Failure of sexual empathy
• Some couples fail to realize that what one finds
  pleasing the other may not.

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Sexual Problems Among Traditional Marriages

• Failure of reciprocity
• One partner more often the woman feels as if
  she gives more than she receives.
• Failure of overromanticization
• Women may have romanticized expectations of sex.

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Extramarital sex

• Three basic forms
• Sexual but not emotional
• Sexual and emotional
• Emotional but not sexual

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Heterosexual Sexual Dysfunctions
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Sexual Dysfunctions

• Recurring persistent problems in giving and
  receiving erotic satisfaction.
• Most common female problems
• orgasmic dysfunction arousal difficulties and
  dyspareunia (painful intercourse).
• Most common male problems
• erectile dysfunction premature ejaculation and
  delayed orgasm.

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Causes of Sexual Dysfunction

• Performance anxiety.
• Conflicts within the self.
• Relationship discord.

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Characteristics of HIV/AIDS

• HIV is the virus that causes acquired
  immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
• Acquired - people are not born with it.
• Immunodeficiency - relates to the bodys immune
  system which is lacking in immunity.
• Syndrome- symptoms occur together.

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AIDS and Ethnicity 1996
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Sexual Responsibility Includes

• Disclosing intentions
• Reveal whether sex indicates love commitment
  recreation and so on.
• Freely and mutually agreed-upon sexual
  activities
• No physical or emotional coercion.
• Mutually agreed-upon contraception
• There is equal responsibility for preventing
  unintended pregnancy.

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Sexual Responsibility Includes

• Use of safer sex practices.
• Disclosure of infection from or exposure to STDs.
• Acceptance of the consequences of sexual
  behavior
• These can include emotional changes pregnancy
  abortionand sexually transmitted diseases.