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MIDDLE AMERICA I chapter 4: 184195

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Greater Antilles. Lesser Antilles. MIDDLE AMERICA. PHYSICAL ... GREATER AND LESSER ANTILLES. NATURAL HAZARDS. EARTHQUAKES. VOLCANOES. HURRICANES. I wonder why? ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: MIDDLE AMERICA I chapter 4: 184195


1
MIDDLE AMERICA I(chapter 4 184-195)
2
INTRODUCTION TO MIDDLE AMERICA
  • DEFINING THE REALM
  • MEXICO, CENTRAL AMERICA, CARIBBEAN ISLANDS
  • MAJOR GEOGRAPHIC QUALITIES
  • FRAGMENTED - PHYSICALLY AND POLITICALLY
  • DIVERSE CULTURALLY
  • POVERTY IS ENDEMIC

3
REGIONS OF MIDDLE AMERICA
Greater Antilles
Mexico
Lesser Antilles
Central America
4
MIDDLE AMERICA
5
PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY
  • LAND BRIDGE
  • ARCHIPELAGO
  • GREATER AND LESSER ANTILLES
  • NATURAL HAZARDS
  • EARTHQUAKES
  • VOLCANOES
  • HURRICANES

I wonder why?
6
WORLD TECTONIC PLATES
7
DISTRIBUTION OF EARTHQUAKES VOLCANOES
8
WORLD HURRICANE TRACKS
9
CULTURE HEARTH
  • SOURCE AREAS FROM WHICH RADIATED IDEAS,
    INNOVATIONS, AND IDEOLOGIES THAT CHANGED THE
    WORLD BEYOND.

MA HEARTHS AZTECS MAYANS
10
MESOAMERICA
  • CULTURE HEARTHS
  • MAYA CIVILIZATION
  • 3000 BP
  • CLASSIC PERIOD 200-900 AD
  • HONDURAS, GUATEMALA, BELIZE, YUCATAN PENINSULA
  • THEOCRATIC STRUCTURE
  • AZTEC CIVILIZATION
  • 1300 AD
  • VALLEY OF MEXICO
  • TENOCHTITLAN (gt100,000 PEOPLE)

11
(No Transcript)
12
THE LEGACY OF COLONIALISM
  • LAND WAS APPROPRIATED - COLONIAL COMMERCIAL
    INTERESTS
  • LANDS DEVOTED TO FOOD CROPS FOR LOCAL CONSUMPTION
    WERE CONVERTED TO CASH CROPPING FOR EXPORT
  • LAND ALIENATION INDUCES
  • FAMINE
  • POVERTY
  • MIGRATION
  • LITTLE AGRICULTURAL DIVERSITY

13
COLONIAL SPHERES
14
MAINLAND/RIMLAND FRAMEWORK
  • MAINLAND
  • EURO-INDIAN INFLUENCE
  • GREATER ISOLATION
  • HACIENDA PREVAILED
  • RIMLAND
  • EURO-AFRICAN INFLUENCE
  • HIGH ACCESSIBILITY
  • PLANTATION ECONOMY

15
MAINLAND RIMLAND DISTINCTION
16
MAINLAND vs RIMLAND
MAINLAND
RIMLAND
  • LOCATION GREATER ISOLATION GREATER ACCESSIBILITY
  • CLIMATE ALTITUDINAL TROPICAL
  • ZONATION
  • PHYSIOGRAPHY MOUNTAINS ISLANDS
  • CULTURE EURO/INDIAN AFRICAN-EUROPEAN
  • RACE MESTIZO MULATTO
  • LANDHOLDING
  • PATTERNS HACIENDAS PLANTATION

17
HACIENDA vs PLANTATION
  • HACIENDA
  • SPANISH INSTITUTION
  • NOT EFFICIENT BUT SOCIAL PRESTIGE
  • WORKERS LIVED ON THE LAND
  • PLANTATION
  • NORTHERN EUROPEAN ORIGINS
  • EXPORT ORIENTED MONOCROPS
  • IMPORTED CAPITAL AND SKILLS
  • SEASONAL LABOR
  • EFFICIENCY IS KEY

18
AGRICULTURAL INSTITUTIONS
PLANTATION
  • PRODUCTION FOR EXPORT
  • SINGLE CASH CROP
  • SEASONAL EMPLOYMENT
  • PROFIT MOTIVE
  • MARKET VULNERABILITY

19
AGRICULTURAL INSTITUTIONS
PLANTATION
HACIENDA
  • PRODUCTION FOR EXPORT
  • SINGLE CASH CROP
  • SEASONAL EMPLOYMENT
  • PROFIT MOTIVE
  • MARKET VULNERABILITY
  • DOMESTIC MARKET
  • DIVERSIFIED CROPS
  • YEAR ROUND JOBS
  • SMALL PLOT OF LAND
  • SELF-SUFFICIENT

20
AGRICULTURAL INSTITUTIONS
PLANTATION
HACIENDA
  • PRODUCTION FOR EXPORT
  • SINGLE CASH CROP
  • SEASONAL EMPLOYMENT
  • PROFIT MOTIVE
  • MARKET VULNERABILITY
  • DOMESTIC MARKET
  • DIVERSIFIED CROPS
  • YEAR ROUND JOBS
  • SMALL PLOT OF LAND
  • SELF-SUFFICIENT

EJIDO
  • SMALL SURPLUSES
  • LAND OWNERSHIP
  • COMMUNAL VILLAGE
  • COLLECTIVE

21
MIDDLE AMERICA I(chapter 4 184-195)
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