National Communication exercise_a tool for mainstreaming climate change into national policy and pla

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• National Communication exercise_a tool for
  mainstreaming climate change into national policy
  and planing
• Albania case
• Ermira Fida, MBA
• National Manager Climate Change Unit
• Bonn, 12 May 2005

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Content of presentation

• Country context
• Albania and UNFCCC
• Highlights from INC
• Inventory, abatement, VA
• Efforts to mainstreaming
• National energy strategy
• Energy efficiency, RES, GHG reduction
• The way forward

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Country context

• Surface Area 28,748 km²
• Population of 3,3 million (1999).
• Since 1998 the country has seen steady progress.
• As of 2003 GDP growth average 7 per year,
• Inflation at 2-4, with stable currency
• However
• 46.6 of the population is below the poverty line
  of 2 per day
• 53 of the population lives off the land.
• High levels of migration (15 is abroad) and
  unemployment.
• NSSED / PRSP
• In line with MDGs
• Aims at poverty reduction
• Address environment protection

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Albania and UNFCCC KP

• Joined the UNFCCC in January 1995
• Non-Annex I Party to the UNFCCC
• Joined Kyoto Protocol
• December 2004 Law on ratification of KP from
  RoA
• 1 April 2005 Instruments of ratification
• 30 June 2005 Albania becomes a Party to KP
• INC submitted and launched at COP8, India.
  (10/CP2)
• GHG inventory
• GHG mitigation analysis
• Vulnerability Adaptation
• National Climate Change Action Plan part of
  NEAP
• Technology Needs Assessment completed
• Mitigation technologies
• Adaptation technologies
• SNC started on April 2005 (17/CP8)

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INC- highlights from GHG inventory

• 7061.45 Gg CO2 eqv emissions total for 1994
• CO2 - the main GHG 65
• Energy sector the main source category-44

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GHG inventory main indicators

CO2/Capita
CO2/GDP
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Electricity generation
(GWh)
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Electricity consumption
(ktoe)

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Energy intensity

• High intensity
• Low consumption / capita
• Albania industry - very energy intensive
• Low energy prices
• Low energy consumption per capita
• Low levels of economic activity

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INC- highlights from GHG abatement
Gg
Baseline scenario CO2
eqv., emissions total 2020 37,653 Gg
Baseline scenario CO2 emissions in 2020 22,
562 Gg

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INC- highlights from GHG abatement

• CO2 from fuel combustion
• Industry (35)
• manufacturing
• construction
• Transport (27)
• Road
• Energy Industries (20)
• Oil (87)
• Coal (11)

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INC- GHG abatement measures

• End-use energy efficiency improvement
• Supply-use energy efficiency improvement
• Renewable energy
• Fuel switching
• Agriculture
• Industrial processes
• Solvent and other product use
• Waste management
• Sinks (aforestation and reforestation)

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INC- highlights from GHG abatement
GHG reduction potential abatement (million tons
of CO2 eqv) - Energy and Transport
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INC- highlights from GHG abatement
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INC- highlights from GHG abatement
Marginal cost of proposed measures
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INC-Adaptation

Impact to water resources
electricity generation alternative scenario
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Efforts in mainstreaming

• National Communication to UNFCCC not ONLY a
  reporting exercise but a tool for mainstreaming
  and programming as well
• Major findings from INC/TNA have been addressed
  to the National Energy Strategy that complements
  NSSED/PRSP
• Mobilizing resources to funding of priority
  technologies
• Energy efficiency (buildings)
• Solar panels HWS
• Adaptation project (Drini River Delta)
• Raise awareness among policy makers on climate
  change
• Kyoto Protocol ratification

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National Strategy of Energy (NSE)

• Objectives
• Establish of an efficient energy sector from the
  financial technical point of view
• Increase of the security and reliability of the
  energy supply in general and electricity in
  particular, in national and regional levels
• Establish of an effective institutional and
  regulatory framework
• Optimization of the supply system with energy
  sources based on the least cost planning
  principle and minimal environmental pollution

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NES- Energy saving scenario
3600
850
Ktoe
3400
800
Energy Savings in Agriculture
3200
23
750
Energy Savings in Transport
Energy Savings in Industry
3000
700
Energy Savings in Service
2800
650
Energy Savings in Households
2600
600
2400
550
2200
500
2000
450
1800
400
1600
350
Energy Savings
1400
300
Pasive Scenario
1200
250
Active Scenario
1000
200
800
150
600
100
400
50
200
0
0
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NES- Renewable energy supply
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NES-GHG reduction
10500
10000
Reduction of CO2 equivalent
9500
Passive
9000
4 million CO2 eqv
8500
Active
8000
7500
7000
6500
6000
5500
5000
4500
4000
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
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NES-investments needed
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Energy Efficiency Law

• The aim of this law is to create the legal
  framework required for the promotion and
  improvement of the efficient utilization of
  energy in Albania with a minimal impact to the
  environment
• Law addresses
• National Energy Efficiency Policy
• Objectives of Energy Efficiency Promotion
• Local Energy Offices
• Labeling of Electric Appliances
• Energy Audits Responsibilities of the energy
  auditor and of persons subject of the audit
• Licensing of Energy Auditing
• Energy Efficiency Fund (sources and
  administration of fund)
• Activities funded by the Energy Efficiency Fund

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The way forward.

• Continue with GHG abatement
• More focus on adaptation issues
• Coastal zone
• Water resources and their impact to hydro
  electricity generation
• Public awareness
• Engage public sector and civil society
• Resource mobilization
• Energy efficiency
• Renewable energy
• CDM

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• Thank you!