Animal Reproduction

1
Animal Reproduction

• Sexual Asexual

By Diana L. Duckworth Rustburg High
School Campbell County
2
Asexual Reproduction

• Budding small part of parents body grows into
  new organism

http//www.microscope-microscope.org/gallery/Mark-
Simmons/images/hydra2.jpg
Genetically identical clones
http//johnson.emcs.net/life/images/anemone.bmp
3
Asexual Reproduction

• Regeneration parent separates into two or more
  pieces each piece forms new organism
• In some instances just a new part grows
• Sponges sea stars jellyfish planaria
• Also be clones

http//www.starfish.ch/reef/echinoderms.html
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Asexual Reproduction

• Parthenogenesis growth development of embryo
  without fertilization by male
• Population all female

http//www.nova.edu/ocean/ghri/bbc_virginshark.htm
l
Many insects lizards salamanders fish turkeys
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Sexual Reproduction gametes from opposite sexes
unite
http//civilliberty.about.com/od/historyprofiles/s
s/news080406_2.htm

• Species with sexual reproduction are said to be
  dioecous separate sexes
• Often exhibit distinct sexual dimorphism males
  and females look different
• Sperm (male gamete) formed by meiosis in testes
• Eggs (female gamete) formed by meiosis in the
  ovary

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Mating

• Mating male female join together to ensure
  fertilization not essential to sexual
  reproduction

http//www.snakesandfrogs.com/scra/lizards/greenan
ole.htm
http//www.torreypine.org/animals/reptiles.html
http//www.eeb.cornell.edu/agrawal/photos/milkweed
20fauna/pages/Tetraopes20tetrophthalmus20mating
.html
http//www.hickerphoto.com/elephants-mating-205-pi
ctures.htm
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External Fertilization

• Males females release sperm eggs into the
  environment sperm egg join outside the body
• Males females may come into close proximity
• Eggs larvae develop outside the body
• Many gametes produced many zygotes formed
• Usually aquatic

http//www.biol.andrews.edu/everglades/organisms/I
nvertebrates/marine_inverts/Arthropoda/Atlantic20
Horseshoe20Crab/atlantic_horsehoe_index.htm
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External Fertilization e.g. Salmon
http//escoberphoto.com/travel/katmai.html
http//www.biology-blog.com/blogs/archives/Biology
-blog/520525028-Feb-14-2008.html
http//www.mass.gov/dfwele/dfw/dfwstksl.htm
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Internal fertilization

• Joining of sperm egg inside the body after
  mating
• Ensures selection of mate (not random) promotes
  diversity
• Parents protect and care for young
• Does not require water can occur on land
• Less sex cells produced increases probability of
  successful reproduction
• Common in birds reptiles mammals

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Internal fertilization external development

• After fertilization larvae (embryo) are released
  development occurs outside female body
• Example Barnacles

http//www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/mag/indexmag.html
http//www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/mag/artjan99/barna
c.html
http//getfile.ucoz.com/load/9-1-0-578
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Internal fertilization development

• Females put large amounts of energy into
  development of embryo very few in litter or
  clutch different schemes
• Eggs in shell are laid and either abandoned or
  nurtured in nest

http//crd.dnr.state.ga.us/content/displaycontent.
asptxtDocument542
http//www.fws.gov/archiecarr/photos/index.html
http//www.nps.gov/pais/naturescience/reptiles.htm
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Various levels of parental care
http//animals.nationalgeographic.com/animals/phot
os/baby-animals/american-crocodile-baby_image.html
http//www.flmnh.ufl.edu/cnhc/potm-mar99.html
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Internal fertilization internal development of
eggs followed by live birth
http//earth-advocates.org/index.phpoptioncom_co
ntenttaskblogcategoryid22Itemid46
http//www.pacfish.org/sharkcon/documents/gruber.h
tml
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Internal fertilization internal development of
embryo to fetus live birth
http//www.seahorse-australia.com.au/pages/seahr_b
iology.html
In seahorses eggs are deposited in the
male where they are fertilized and develop.
Babies born live.
http//www.abc.net.au/science/scribblygum/march200
6/
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In most species it is the female who carries the
developing fetus to birth
http//humangenetics.suite101.com/article.cfm/thre
e_parent_embryo_mtdna
http//www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/04/08041
0184336.htm
http//www.scienceclarified.com/El-Ex/Embryo-and-E
mbryonic-Development.html
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Hermaphrodites

• Organisms that change sex in order to reproduce

http//www.dkimages.com/discover/Home/Animals/Inve
rtebrates/Molluscs/Gastropods/Marine-Snails/Crepid
ulidae/Atlantic-Slipper/Atlantic-Slipper-1.html
Crepidula fornicata a snail
http//www.opalesurfcasting.net/la_faune_aquatique
/la_crepidule_-_crepidula_fornicata_article1202.ht
mlvar_recherchebar