INTRODUCTION TO LINGUISTICS LING 55O

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INTRODUCTION TO LINGUISTICSLING 55O

• RUDI SUKANDAR

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I WANNA PLAY WITH BURP!?
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? SPEAKING ANALYSIS

• SETTING/SCENE
• In a living room of an apartment on Sunday
  Evening, September 9, 2001. The interviewee is
  eating a banana.
• PARTICIPANTS
• Rudi, a student of Linguistics, and Aditya, a
  six-year old Indonesian boy who has been in
  Athens for a year and goes to 1st grade of East
  Elementary.
• ENDS
• The student is being transactional in finding
  out information about the boys activities and
  interest.
• ACT SEQUENCE
• The student asks the boy some questions and
  confirm the boys answer and tries to steer the
  conversation according to the ends, but is not
  quite successful in some questions. The boy is
  finally bored with the interview and takes the
  initiative to end it.

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• KEY
• The student tries not to be serious and the boy
  is cooperative enough in answering the questions
  in a way a young child does, characterized by
  short sentences and sometimes a long silence as
  he tries to formulate his answers.
• INSTRUMENTALITY
• Informal English and sometimes interspersed with
  very informal Indonesian with Jakarta dialect.
  The students English is Indonesian-like while
  the boys is native speaker-like. The students
  Indonesian accent is standard while the boys is
  American-like.
• NORMS
• A typical conversation between a child and adult
  in Indonesian cultural framework in which
  according to the norm, young people should answer
  questions given by adults. However, tired of
  questions, the boy violates the norm by
  expressing his feeling openly to stop the
  interview.
• GENRE
• Interview

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? GRICEAN MAXIMS

• 1. The maxim of Relation (Be relevant)
• Rudi OK. And then where else did you go in
  Jakarta? You
• go to a mall?
• Aditya I ride a bike at four wheels. I want to
  take off that training wheel.
• Maxim Flaunting
• Rudi What do you usually do at school?
• Aditya I can make a burp.
• 2. The Maxim of Quality (Be Truthful)
• Rudi So who gave it to you.
• Aditya My dad.

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• 3. The Maxim of Quantity (Be Informative)
• Rudi Fine. What did you do?
• Aditya Playing Nintendo.
• 4. The Maxim of Manner (Be Brief and
• Orderly)
• Rudi Indonesia. What part of
• Indonesia?
• Aditya Jakarta.

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? TRANSFER OF L2 L1

• Aditya Shrane, yangyangini black, ya?
• Aditya Aku mah nggak bisa meemtangan-ku nggak
  bisa ..ehm..aku punya.. Kalo aku
  punya...err..long itu kayak gini itu kayak gitu
  errsitting bouncing on yang kayak gini, aku
  bisa ke Jakarta sama arm-nyabisa take a training
  wheel off yang kayak gini, eek..eekeek
• (demonstrating with his hands).

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? TRANSFER OF L1 L2

• Rudi No. Oh. Do you like Jakarta?
• Aditya Huh?
• Rudi Jakarta.
• Aditya Jakarta?
• Rudi Do you like it?
• Aditya Whos Jakarta?
• Rudi Whos Jakarta. Youve never been to
  Jakarta
• before. Where did you live before you live
  here?
• Aditya Indonesia.
• Rudi Indonesia. What part of Indonesia?
• Aditya Jakarta.

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? SOPHISTICATED STRUCTURE

• Emphasis
• Rudi Masks? What then? I saw you play
  playWhat is it a skateboard, so how was it?
• Aditya I learn.
• Rudi You learn a new trick? Who taught you?
• Aditya I learn it.
• Rudi Huh?
• Aditya I learn it myself.
• Rudi And then, what will you do tomorrow? ..
  Sekolah?
• Aditya I will. play with . (turning his head
  away from the recorder).
• Rudi Who?
• Aditya I will play with..
• Rudi Who?
• Aditya I wanna play with
• Rudi Whos that?
• Aditya No.
• Rudi Huh?
• Aditya No.

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• Informal English
• Aditya (Showing it) I bet you cant do it.
• 3. Gerunds
• Aditya Look! I aimed it. I just aimed it.. the
  banana up to
• the trash by not looking.
• 4. Relative Clause
• Aditya I can do it with a sound which I can
• Rudi Huh?
• Aditya Which I said.. (Turning his head again
  away from
• the recorder).

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? SENTENCE DIAGRAMMING
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? CONCLUSION

• Extensive expose to L2 can result in faster
  acquisition
• There is a two-way transfer L1? L2
• Data on bilingualism are fun to analyze