SB 00 Bible Survey

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SB 00 Bible Survey
SB 00 Bible Survey Poetical Books Christian
Commitment and Excellence in Learning

• Spring 2001
• Erskine Theological Seminary

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OT Poetical Books

• Job
• Psalms
• Proverbs
• Ecclesiastes
• Song of Songs/
• Song of Solomon

• Songs
• Teacher
• Hebrew title Song of Songs which is to Solomon

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Poetic Structure
Parallelism

Synonymous


Antithetical
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Poetic Structure
Parallelism
X
Acrostic
Chiasmus
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Poetic Structure
Parallelism
Why be infatuated, my son, with a loose woman
and embrace the bosom of an adventuress? For a
mans ways are before the eyes of the LORD,
and he watches all his paths. The iniquities of
the wicked ensnare him, and he is caught in the
toils of his sin. He dies for lack of
discipline, and because of his great folly he
is lost.
Acrostic
Chiasmus
Inclusio
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Figures of Speech
Simile
All flesh is as grass
Parable
kingdom of God is like a mustard seed
Metaphor
God is a shield
Anthropomorphism
the eyes of the Lord
Zoomorphism
sheltered under the wings of the Almighty
Symbol
a light to the nations
Proverb
like mother, like daughter
Personification
let the rivers clap their hands
Irony
Where is their Rock?
Antimereia
Let the dry appear
Hyperbole
cities walled up to heaven
Synecdoche
Behold, the world has gone after him!
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Job(42 chapters)

• (Meek, p. 18)

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The Book of Job

• Yahweh
• Satan
• Sabeans, fire from the sky, Chaldeans, wind
• Jobs wife
• Eliphaz
• Bildad
• Zophar
• Elihu

• Job from the land of Uz

• Behemoth

• Leviathan

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Psalms(150 chapters)

• (Meek, p. 17)

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The Book of Psalms
Themes

• Songs of worship to Yahweh
• Public and private prayers
• Thanksgiving psalms
• Laments
• Praises

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The Book of Psalms
Themes
Authors

• David, 73 psalms
• Moses, 1 psalm (90)
• Solomon, 2 psalms
• Asaph, 12 psalms
• Sons of Korah, 12 psalms
• Various others

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Reading the Psalms

• Recognize who is speaking at any given point
• The psalmist ?
• The Messiah or God ?
• The community as a whole ?
• Look at the way God transforms the psalmists
  attitude Ps. 10

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Major Messianic Psalms

• Ps. 2 The nations rage against the anointed
  Son.
• Ps. 22 My God, my God, why have you forsaken
  me?
• Ps. 34 Not a bone shall be broken.
• Ps. 110 The LORD said to my Lord
• Ps. 118 The stone that the builders rejected
• Most quoted Psalm in the NT

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Proverbs(31 chapters)

• (Meek, p. 18)

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The Book of Proverbs
Authorship

• Solomon (1-21, 25-9)
• Sayings of the Wise (chs. 22-4)
• The Sayings of Agur (ch. 30)
• The Sayings of King Lemuel (ch. 31)

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The Book of Proverbs
Authorship Key Ideas

• Wisdom begins with taking Yahweh into account
  (17, 35-6, 1810).
• Wisdom comes from discipline (311-12, 226,
  2717).
• Wisdom involves humility (1618, 209, 2612).
• Wisdom involves knowing how to apply the right
  principle in the right situation (264-5).
• Wisdom involves evaluating life (1412, 20-1).
• Wisdom and foolishness are personified (chs. 8-9,
  31).

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Ecclesiastes(12 chapters)

• (Meek, p. 18)

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The Book of Ecclesiastes
Author

• Qoheleth, the Son of David, King in Jerusalem
• The one who calls the assembly together
• Presumably Solomon
• The Editor (11-11, 727, 128-14)

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The Book of Ecclesiastes
Author Key Ideas

• Vanity of vanities (12)
• Under the sun (212)
• Chasing after the wind (217)
• Strong emphasis on the apparent meaninglessness
  of life

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The Book of Ecclesiastes
Author Key Ideas Interpret-ing the book

• An internal dialogue about the apparent
  meaninglessness of life
• An attempt to engage secular thinkers on their
  own terms
• A correction of Qoheleths philosophy by the
  editor

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The Book of Ecclesiastes
Author Key Ideas Interpret-ing the book Bottom
line

• There is a God, whom we must remember and serve.
  Fearing him and keeping his commandments bring us
  meaning (ch. 12).

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Song of Songs(8 chapters)

• (Meek, p. 18)

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Solomons Song of Songs
Characters

• The lover
• A king (37-11)
• A shepherd (17-8)
• Are these the same ?
• The beloved (a Shulammite)
• The daughters of Jerusalem
• Bridesmaids
• The brothers of the beloved
• Chaperones

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Solomons Song of Songs
Characters Interpreta-tions

• Typological A literal account of a love story
  that now provides a symbolic depiction of the
  love between God/Christ and Israel/the Church.
• Allegorical The account actually describes only
  the love between God/Christ and Israel/the
  Church.
• Didactic The account shows the intensity of
  romantic love to illustrate the one flesh idea
  of marriage.

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Solomons Song of Songs
S of S 72-5 for literalists
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SB 00 Bible Survey
SB 00 Bible Survey The Prophets Christian
Commitment and Excellence in Learning

• Spring 2001
• Erskine Theological Seminary

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OT Prophets Canonical Order

• Major Prophets
• Isaiah
• Jeremiah
• Lamentations
• Ezekiel
• Daniel

• Minor Prophets
• Hosea
• Joel
• Amos
• Obadiah
• Jonah
• Micah
• Nahum
• Habakkuk
• Zephaniah
• Haggai
• Zechariah
• Malachi

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OT Prophets Dates and Audiences

• Judah
• Joel 9th (or 6th)
• Micah 8th
• Isaiah 8th-7th
• Zephaniah 7th
• Habakkuk 7th
• Jeremiah7th-6th
• Lamentations 6th

Israel Amos 8th Hosea 8th
Exiles Ezekiel 6th Daniel 6th
Returnees Haggai 6th Zechariah 6th Malachi
5th
Gentiles Jonah (Assyria/Israel) 8th Nahum
(Assyria/Judah) 7th Obadiah (Assyria/Judah)
(9th or) 6th
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Isaiah(66 chapters)

• (Meek, p. 20)

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Isaiahs Call (ch. 6)

• A vision of God (vv. 1-4)
• A vision of himself in the horror of his
  sinfulness (v. 5)
• A vision of grace and forgiveness (vv. 6-7)
• A commission to service (v. 8)

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The Suffering Servant

• Is. 421-9 He will be the covenant between God
  and his people.
• Is. 491-6 He will gather Israel to himself.
• Is. 504-9 Adonai Yahweh will help him.
• Is. 5213-5312 He will bear the sins of the
  people upon himself.

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Other Messianic Prophecies in Isaiah

• Is. 714 A virgin shall conceive
• Is. 92-7 A Son is born to us
• Is. 111-11 The shoot from Jesse
• Is. 256-9 The Messianic banquet no more tears
  or death
• Is. 355-6 The blind, deaf, and lame will be
  healed.
• Is. 551-13 Wine and milk without price
• Is. 611-3 The Spirit of the Lord is upon me

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Jeremiah(52 chapters)

• (Meek, p. 21)

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The Book of Jeremiah

• Jeremiah the man

• From Anathoth in Benjamin
• A priest
• A reluctant prophet called to proclaim a gloomy
  message (11-10, 207-10)
• Lived through the destruction of Jerusalem

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The Book of Jeremiah

• The writing of Jeremiah (ch. 36)

• Baruch wrote it down, at Jeremiahs dictation.
• He gave it to King Jehoiakim.
• The king burned it column by column.
• Jeremiah dictated it all again, with additional
  judgments upon Jehoiakim.

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The Book of Jeremiah

• Main divisions

• Book 1 Judahs unfaithfulness (chs. 1-25)
• Biographical sketch 1 (chs. 26-29)
• Book 2 The Book of Consolation (chs. 30-31)
• Biographical sketch 2 (chs. 32-45)
• Book 3 Oracles against the nations (chs. 46-51)
• The fall of Jerusalem (ch. 52)

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The Book of Jeremiah

• Important passages

• Proclamation of Judahs sin
• 211-13, 923-24, 175-10
• Announcement of judgment
• 258-14
• Message of hope and consolation
• 235-8, 3131-34, 3315-16

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Lamentations(5 chapters)

• (Meek, p. 21)

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Lamentations

• Five poems of pain over Jerusalems destruction
• Very carefully structured
• Chs. 1-2 22 vv., 3 lines each
• Ch. 3 66 vv., 1 line each Acrostic
• Ch. 4 22 vv., 2 lines each
• Ch. 5 22 vv., 1 line each Not acrostic
• Message of hope (319-33)

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Ezekiel(48 chapters)

• (Meek, p. 22)

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Ezekiel

• The situation

• Judah exiled to Babylon in three waves 605, 597,
  and 586 B.C.
• Ezekiel (a widower from a priestly family) was
  part of the second deportation in 597 B.C.
• Ezekiel prophesied from 593 B.C. 573 B.C.

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Ezekiel

• The situation
• Normal Prophecy vs. Apocalyptic

• Prophecy
• Revelation primarily relating to present
• Centrality of direct words from Holy Spirit
• Emphasis on Gods work in history

• Apocalyptic
• Revelation primarily of the future
• Centrality of dreams and visions
• Much use of symbols
• Emphasis on Gods breaking through at the end of
  history

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Ezekiel

• The situation
• Apocalyptic
• Key visions

• Vision of God (ch. 1)
• Vision of the glory of God departing (1018-22)
• Vision of the valley of dry bones (371-14)
• Vision of Gog and Magog (chs. 38-39)
• Vision of the glory of God returning to the
  re-built temple (431-12)

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Daniel(12 chapters)

• (Meek, p. 22)

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Daniel
Key people

• Hebrew Exiles
• Daniel (Belteshazzar)
• Hananiah (Shadrach)
• Mishael (Meshach)
• Azariah (Abednego)

• Foreign Kings
• Nebuchadnezzar (king of Babylon who took Judah
  captive)
• Belshazzar (king of Babylon, grandson of
  Nebuchadnezzar)
• Darius the Mede (another name for Cyrus, king of
  Persia, or for Gubaru, the Persian governor of
  Babylon under Cyrus)
• Cyrus, king of Persia

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Daniel
Key events

• D, S, M, A Refusal to eat unclean food (ch. 1)
• S, M, A Refusal to worship Nebuchadnezzar (ch.
  3)
• D Refusal to stop praying to God when commanded
  to pray only to Darius (ch. 6)
• Notice the overall picture God honors those who
  are faithful to him in the midst of pressure to
  compromise.

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Daniel
Key visions/dreams

• Nebuchadnezzar Statue of gold, silver, bronze,
  iron/clay (ch. 2)
• Nebuchadnezzar Tree cut down (his own removal
  and insanity) (ch. 4)
• Belshazzar Writing on the wall indicating that
  the kingdom will be given to the Medes and
  Persians (ch. 5)
• Daniel Lion, bear, leopard, and frightening
  beast (ch. 7)
• Daniel Ram and goat (ch. 8)
• Daniel Glorious man (chs. 10-11)

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Hosea(14 chapters)

• (Meek, p. 23)

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Hosea

• Marry an adulterous woman!
• Hoseas wife Gomer

• Hoseas son Jezreel
• Hoseas daughter Lo-Ruhamah (not loved)
• Hoseas son Lo-Ammi (not my people)

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Joel(3 chapters)

• (Meek, p. 23)

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Amos(9 chapters)

• (Meek, p. 23)

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Amos
Key images and literary devices

• Cows of Bashan (41)
• Go to Bethel, and sin (44-5)
• Locusts, fire, and a plumb line (71-10)
• Ripe fruit (81-3)

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Obadiah(1 chapter)

• (Meek, p. 24)

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Obadiah

• Shortest book in the OT
• Devoted to brotherly hatred
• Esau Edom, the brother nation to Israel
• Unrelenting word of judgment and destruction
  against Edom for its unbrotherly behavior

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Jonah(4 chapters)

• (Meek, p. 24)

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Micah(7 chapters)

• (Meek, p. 24)

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Nahum(3 chapters)

• (Meek, p. 25)

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Habakkuk(3 chapters)

• (Meek, p. 25)

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Habakkuk

• How can you tolerate Israels wickedness? (12-4)
• How can you use a more wicked nation to punish a
  less wicked one? (112-13)
• The righteous shall live by faith (24)
• Habakkuk as an example of faith (316-19)

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Zephaniah(3 chapters)

• (Meek, p. 25)

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Zephaniah

• Fourth generation descendant of Hezekiah
• The Great Day of the Lord (114-18)
• Terrible judgment on all nations
• A faithful remnant preserved (39-17)

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Haggai(2 chapters)

• (Meek, p. 26)

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Zechariah(14 chapters)

• (Meek, p. 26)

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Zechariah
Eight Night Visions (chs. 1-6)

• Horseman among the myrtle trees (Gods mercy and
  the restoration of his people)
• Four horns and four craftsmen (judgment on those
  who scattered the people of Judah)
• Man with measuring Line (restoration of Judah)
• Clean garments for Joshua (cleansing of the
  nation)
• Golden lampstand and two olive trees (the power
  of the Holy Spirit to rebuild the temple)
• Flying scroll (judgment on lawbreakers and
  sinners)
• Woman in a basket (the sinful system will be
  removed)
• Four chariots (restoration of Gods people)

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Zechariah
Eight Night Visions
Messianic Prophecies
99 The King coming on a donkey 1112-13 The
Messiah betrayed for 30 pieces of silver (the
price of a slave ) 1210 The Messiah
pierced 137 The Shepherd struck
down 143-4 The Lord returns
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Malachi(4 chapters)

• (Meek, p. 26)