Title: Mobile Devices Case p 71What are some of the benefits that organizations could realize by connecting
1Mobile Devices Case/ p 71What are some of the
benefits that organizations could realize by
connecting all of their employees by mobile
devices?
- Provide time and place flexibility
- Mobile sale forces could do product
demonstrations, check inventory and place orders
online real time while at the customer location. - Reduction of the time needed to locate other
employees, especially when they are off-site. - Keep employees abreast of any important news when
away on travel (conferences, meetings,
presentations). - Increased available productive time, as constant
connectivity allows for activities to be
performed anytime anyplace.
2Are the CIOs in the case saying that ROI is not
important when deploying mobile computing
devices?
- the estimated benefits obtained by the adoption
of these communication devices are large enough
that outweigh cost considerations and thus
displace formal ROI analyses and concerns. - This is what many have called value analysis
which compares values to benefits as opposed to
cost to benefits.
3Blackberry popularity?
- Single and integrated device for voice and data
communications - Push technology data is routed to the user
rather than retrieved by the user - Operates in several different networks and
countries - It is possible to view email attachments
- Design features high-resolution color display,
long battery life, improved keyboard, etc. - Integrated connectivity applications (SMS,
browser, organizer)
4Computer Software
5Learning Objectives
- Describe several important trends occurring in
computer software. - Give examples of major types of application and
system software. - Explain the purpose of several popular software
packages for end user productivity and
collaborative computing. - Define and describe the functions of an operating
system. - Describe the main uses of computer programming
software, tools, and languages
6Software
- A single program or a collection of programs
which performs many task and/or system related
functions - Two types of software
- Application
- System
7Application Software
- Personal Information Manager
- Groupware
- Organizational
- Inter-organizational
8Personal Information Manager and Groupware
- Personal Information Manager (PIM)
- Software for end user productivity and
collaboration - Store information about clients, schedules,
manage appointments, manage tasks - E.g., Lotus Organizer, Microsoft Outlook
- Groupware
- Software that helps workgroups collaborate on
group assignments - E-mail, discussion groups, databases,
videoconferencing - E.g., Lotus Notes, Novell GroupWise, Microsoft
Exchange
9Organizational Inter-organizational
- Organizational
- They assist typical organazational tasks
- Payroll, TPS
- ERP,CRM
- Web-based management systems
- Inter-organizational
- They provide links or cooperation between
organizations - B2B system
- EDI, SCM
10Overview of Computer Software
Computer Software
Application Software
System Software
General Purpose Application Programs
System Development Programs
Application- Specific Programs
System Management Programs
11Software development
- Custom software
- Software applications that are developed within
an organization for use by that organization - COTS software
- Commercial Off-the-shelf (COTS)
- Classify based on how it was developed
- Software developed with the intention of selling
the software in multiple copies - Outsourced software
12Software Development Selection
- Why would you choose ?
- Custom (in source)
- COTS (off-the-shelf)
- outsourced?
13General-PurposeApplication Programs
- Software Suites and Integrated Packages
Oracle E-Business Suite
Word Excel PowerPoint Access Outlook
WordPro 1-2-3 Freelance Approach Organizer
WordPerfect Quattro Pro Presentations Paradox
Corel Central
StarWriter StarCalc StarImpress StarBase StarS
chedule
14Electronic Spreadsheets and Presentation Graphics
- Electronic Spreadsheets
- Worksheet of rows and columns
- Used for calculations and charts
- E.g., Lotus 1-2-3, Microsoft Excel, Corel
QuattroPro - Presentation Graphics
- Convert numeric data into graphics displays
- Prepare multimedia presentations including
graphics, photos, animation, and video clips - E.g., Microsoft PowerPoint, Lotus Freelance,
Corel Presentations
15General-PurposeApplication Programs
- Web Browsers
- Electronic Mail and Instant Messaging (IM)
- Word Processing and Desktop Publishing
- Electronic Spreadsheets
- Database Management
- Presentation Graphics
- Personal Information Managers
- Groupware Collaboration Software
16General-PurposeApplication Programs
- Application Service Providers (ASPs)
17System SoftwareComputer System Management
- Software Interface Between End Users and
Computers
18System Software
- Operating Systems
- Utility software
- Network Software
19Operating Systems
- The User Interface
- Command-Driven
- Menu-Driven
- Graphical User Interface
20OS contain two parts
- Supervisory
- Stays in main memory
- Transient
- Can be swapped back and forth from secondary
memory
21Operating Systems
User Interface
End User Systems and Network Communications
Resource Management
Task Management
File Management
Utilities and Other Functions
Managing Data and Program Files
Providing a Variety of Support Services
Managing the Use of Hardware Resources
Managing the Accomplishment Of Tasks
22Operating Systems
- Resource Management
- Virtual Memory
- File Management
- Task Management
- Multitasking,
- Multiprocessing
- Multi-user programming
23Popular Operating Systems
- Windows
- GUI, multitasking, networking, multimedia
- Microsofts operating system
- Different versions manage servers
- Vista
- Windows XP
- Windows NT
- Windows Server 2003
- Windows 2000
- Unix
- Multitasking, multiuser, network-managing
- Portable can run on mainframes, midrange and
PCs - Solaris by Sun
- AIX by IBM
24Popular Operating Systems
- Linux
- Low-cost, powerful reliable Unix-like operating
system - Open-source
- Free
- Freeware
- Novell SUSE Linux
- Red Hat
- VA Linux
- MAC OS X
- Apple operating system for the iMac
- GUI, multitasking, multimedia
25Programming Languages
Machine Languages
Assembler Languages
26Programming Languages
High-Level Languages
Fourth-Generation Languages
27Objects
- What are objects?
- Is a complete unit including data and
procedures
28Programming Languages
Object-Oriented Languages
Withdraw (amount)
Calculate Interest
Print Monthly Statement
Current Account Balance
Get Owner
Get Balance
Deposit (amount)
Savings Account Object
29Object-orientedProgramming Languages
- Web Languages and Services
- HTML
- XML
- JAVA
- Platform Independence
- Program Applets
- JAVA2 Enterprise Edition
- Microsoft .NET Software
30Language Translator Programs
- Translate instructions written in programming
languages into machine language - Assembler
- translates assembler language statements
- Compiler
- translates high-level language statements
- Interpreter
- compiler that translates and executes each
statement in a program one at a time
31Errors (Bugs)
32E-mail, Instant Messaging and Weblogs
- E-mail
- Software to communicate by sending and receiving
messages and attachments via the Internet,
intranet or extranet - Instant messaging (IM)
- Receive electronic messages instantly
- Weblog or blog
- A personal website in dated log format
- Updated with new information about a subject or
range of subjects - Myspace
33Programming Languages
J2EE and .NET Compared
34Program Development Process
- Determine Program specs
- Work with users
- I/O layout
- Processing requirements
- Use Program Planning Tools
- Analyze the problem using
- Flow Charts
- Pseudo code
- Structured charts
- CASE tools
35Programming Development Process
- Code and enter Program
- Code programs logic into programming language
- Compile the program
- Test for errors (syntax, run execution)
- Test the program for correctness (GIGO)
- Processing
- Robustness
- Documentation
36FLOW CHARTS
- Symbolic representation of programs logic
- Pre defined symbols are used to analyze programs
logic
37Programming Logic
- Sequence
- Selection
- Looping (Iteration)
38- Develop program logic of withdrawing cash from
ATM machine
39Programming Languages
Web Services Applications
Uses UDDI Web Services Directory to Locate
Desired Web Service
Web Services is Translated to XML, Which Acts as
a Platform-Neutral Wrapper
Client Application
Web Service Components Communicate Via SOAP, an
XML-Based Protocol for Connecting
Applications and Data
Web Service is Delivered Back to Client in XML
40 41Mini Case 1 Delta, Lufthansa etc..
- Computer system technologies and functions that
are included with self-service kiosks are - Networked special purpose microcomputer
terminals, which include video touch screens as
the user interface, along with a built in - High speed thermal printer for flight itineraries
and boarding passes. - A magnetic stripe card reader that is used to
read customers airline and credit cards. - Connected to credit companies and banks
databases - Integrated with airlines internal application
system
42Delta, Northwest cont
- Possible other technologies
- Connect with federal databases for customer
identification - Speech recognition devices
- Pen-based handwriting recognition features
- Wireless links for travels with PDAs and
Internet-enabled cellular and PCS phones. - Image recognition.
- Identification recognition (fingerprints etc.)
-
43The customer value of self service kiosks for
airline check-ins is
- Customer More Control
- Upgrades
- Seat selection
- Change flights/seat
- Check baggage
- Stand by
- Less people interaction for the
introverted/misanthropic the reduction in
face-to-face interaction can sometimes be
beneficial - Time savings
- Convenience
- Family check-ins
- Pay by credit card any upgrade/change etc.
44Possible other services
- Gate readers to update itineraries and boarding
passes for connecting passengers whose second
flight was changed or cancelled due to weather or
other delays. - International documentation, facilitation and fee
collection. - Thump print recognition
- Cancel reservations and be credited or debited
automatically - For international flights provide foreign ATM
connections - Provide initial or supplement security screening
using retina scans and marking boarding cards - Provide alerts on customers mobile for flight
boarding (especially if they are missing or
sleeping) - Connect to hotels to allow hotel check ins
- Connect to car rental agencies for car rental
agreementsMore specialized kiosks to allow
travelers opportunity to handle future travel
plans, adjustments as schedules change and other
accommodations upon arrival at a destination. - Automatic update mileage etc.
45The business value of self service kiosks in the
airline industry is the fact that
- Importance of JAD (joint application
Development), how technical and business team can
work together and complement each other and
arrive at solutions - A win-win situation for both customers and
businesses - Creation of a whole new platform on which to
provide additional products/services that can
provide strategic advantages - Help the bottom line
- Economy of scales---Strategic partnership with
other airlines for check-ins just like ORBITZ,
TRAVELOCITY etc - Enhance customer goodwill (satisfied customer)
46Still a strategic advantage?
- Maybe, not any more
- Kiosk were competitive advantages when they
started probably around 2002. Airlines offered
miles to customers to use kiosk but now they are
a necessity. - Many airlines still can not afford it
- However, Continuous improvements can still
provide competitive advantage - Continuous improvement and streamlining of
traveler check-in activities, especially after
Sept. 11, will always be provide advantage. - A reduction of costs or a reduction in the
increase in costs in a highly competitive
industry will always provide advantage. - Continuous enhancement of customer goodwill will
always be strategic - Online entertainment (casino, massage, card games
etc..) may provide some advantage, especially on
international flights - Alter customer arrival to their home/business