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Biomass To Energy Potential On St' Kitts

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Title: Biomass To Energy Potential On St' Kitts


1
Biomass To Energy Potential On St. Kitts Nevis
Initial Stakeholders Meeting June13, 2006
  • Mark Lambrides (OAS/DSD)
  • K.H. De Cuba (OAS/DSD)
  • M. Rivera-Ramirez (ESG)

2
Content
  • Introduction
  • Mission
  • Scope
  • Possible Process Overview
  • Challenges
  • Opportunities
  • Biomass
  • Bio-Energy Assessment
  • Follow up

3
Introduction
  • Justifications for Bio-Energy Assessment
  • Shutdown of the sugar industry
  • Unemployment
  • Decreased sources of income
  • Recent increase in sugar prices
  • Current waste management
  • Health impacts
  • Environmental impacts
  • High energy prices
  • High cost of diesel import for electricity
    generation
  • High cost of transportation fuels
  • Dependent on external geo-political forces

4
Introduction
  • Sugar cane scenario overview (1)

5
Introduction
  • Sugar cane scenario overview (2)

6
Introduction
  • Current energy scenario overview

7
Introduction
  • Current waste scenario overview

8
Mission
  • Find if there is reliable biomass feedstock
    supply for long term production
  • Highlight commercially viable biomass to energy
    conversion approach
  • Outline strategy for public-private partnership
    to develop biomass to energy
  • Attract commercially proven developers to
    consider investment approach in SKN

9
Scope
  • Focused on sugarcane and municipal waste biomass
    availability on St. Kitts
  • Focus on liquid biofuel and electric power
    production
  • Potential for value-added products

10
Possible Process Overview
11
Challenges
  • Economies of scale
  • Modest biomass feedstock availability
  • Biomass conversion technologies
  • Land use competition
  • Information dissemination on sustainable
    alternatives
  • Familiarity with current methods of production

12
Opportunities
  • Environmental/health benefits
  • CO2 reduction
  • Increased soil fertility
  • Sanitary issues
  • Job provision
  • Existence of skilled labor force
  • Energy security
  • Economic
  • Avoided investment cost No need for additional
    landfill/waste management alternatives
  • Decreased expenditures on electricity
  • Diversification of economic activities

13
Biomass
  • Definition and Sources
  • Organic matter, matter from any living organism
  • Animal/human waste
  • Food crops
  • Grassy and woody plants
  • Residues from agriculture or forestry
  • Organic component of municipal and industrial
    wastes

14
Biomass
  • As a renewable fuel
  • No net carbon emissions
  • Carbon dioxide released when biomass is used as
    fuel is balanced by the carbon dioxide captured
    when the biomass is grown

15
Biomass
  • Conversion

16
Biomass
  • Conversions of interest

Combustion direct-fired systems. They burn
bio-energy feedstocks directly. Gasification
biomass is heated with no oxygen or only about
one-third the oxygen needed for efficient
combustion. Biomass then gasifies to a mixture
of carbon monoxide and hydrogensynthesis gas or
syngas. Biochemical relies on the abilities of
specific microorganisms to convert biomass
components to useful liquids and gases, as
ethanol or methane.
17
Bio Energy Assessment
  • Objective
  • Financial and economic analysis of a potential
    Domestic Bio-Energy Programme to test its
    commercially sustainability

18
Bio Energy Assessment
  • Methodology
  • Resource assessment (supply and demand)
  • Technology identification
  • Evaluate economic and financial feasibility of
    technologies given the resource availability

19
Bio Energy Assessment
  • Resource Assessment (1)
  • Agricultural crops
  • Sugarcane or palm oil
  • Characteristics of sugar cane
  • Yields and land
  • Collection, processing, and transport
  • Residues generated
  • Storage

20
Bio Energy Assessment
  • Resource Assessment (2)
  • Municipal Solid Waste and Sewage Sludge
  • Characteristics of waste
  • Quantities
  • Collection and treatment
  • Waste landfill capacity

21
Bio Energy Assessment
  • Resource Assessment (3)
  • Additional market data
  • Energy Needs Assessment
  • Current consumption
  • Local markets for products

22
Bio Energy Assessment
  • Technology identification
  • Direct contact with experts and manufacturers
  • Literature reviews and existing expertise

23
Bio Energy Assessment
  • Economic and financial feasibility
  • Utilize feedstock supply, conversion and market
    data elements to evaluate feasibility of Domestic
    Bio-Energy Programme

24
Follow Up
  • Bio-energy as part of the Sustainable Energy Plan
    (SEP)
  • Legislation
  • Social benefits
  • Institutional capacity
  • Power purchase agreements
  • Investors workshop

25
Follow Up
  • Plans for the assessment
  • Remainder of this week
  • Data gathering interviews with stakeholders in
    St. Kitts and Nevis
  • Preparation of preliminary assessment
  • Draft expected by end of August
  • Stakeholder review and comment on draft
  • Presentation of findings
  • Initiative to facilitate development
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