Title: Anthropogenic change, emerging vectorborne diseases and human health
1 Anthropogenic change, emerging vector-borne
diseases and human health
Laura C. Harrington, PhD Department of Entomology
2What is a vector-borne disease?
Reservoir and host
Pathogen
Vector
3Mosquitoes need water
Typical Culex egg raft
Female laying eggs
Pupae
Larvae
4(No Transcript)
5 Major points along the evolution of human
societies have given rise to new forms
of human disease
6game hunters/gatherers
overpopulation poverty drug resistance breakdown
of public health mutation and recombination
agriculture (10,000 yrs ago)
domestication of animals
Development of cities /urban centers
trade with other civilizations
utilization of natural resources and manipulation
of environment
changes in human behavior
Today
50,000 yrs ago
7Changing weather patterns and climate
Range expansion of vectors and disease
8Changes in land use and agricultural practices
Rice paddy irrigation Banana
plantations Dams Clear cutting
forests Logging Road building
9Tennessee Valley Authority act 1933
TVA built dams to harness the regions rivers.
The dams controlled floods, improved navigation,
and generated electricity.they also provided a
breeding ground for mosquito vectors...
10A blood sample is taken from a resident in the
Tennessee Valley area to test for mosquito-borne
encephalitis
11lack of running water
12 13(No Transcript)
14 15(No Transcript)
16unplanned urbanization
17 18Dengue
50-100 million dengue fever cases/year 500,000
cases of DHF 2/3 of worlds population at
risk among top neglected diseases
19Dengue
20Symptoms of Classical Dengue
- - sudden onset
- - fever
- - headache
- retro-orbital, muscle
- and joint pain
- bruising and bleeding
- - some capillary leakage
21Symptoms of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever
- intense hemorrhaging
- shock
- - death
No vaccine and no treatment for dengue
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23Ae. aegypti is a domesticated mosquito
24Humans provide housing/shelter
25Humans provide larval habitat
26Increasing incidence of Dengue Infections Globally
1000
884
900
800
700
600
482
500
Cases per thousand
400
296
300
200
122
100
15
1
0
1955-59
1960-69
1970-79
1980-89
1990-99
2000-05
Years
WHO Dengue Net 2006
27What can you do?
- Be aware- of our global society and health issues
- Educate yourself about the risks of emerging
disease - Do what you can to conserve, recycle and minimize
- your impact on the environment
- Help out if you can (volunteer or donate to
- organizations that help communities
- stricken by malaria, dengue and other
infections)
28Harrington Lab
http//www.entomology.cornell.edu/Faculty_Staff/Ha
rrington
Entomology Courses
FALL 2007 ENTOM 210/ BIOSOC 210 2-3 cr.
Plagues and People
Natural Enemies and Invasive Species (ENT 277)
FALL 2008 ENTOM 352 3 cr. Medical and Veterinary
Entomology Optional Laboratory 1 cr.
More information on your course website!