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Pollution and solution

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Higher noise level of 160 db cause total deafness, rupturing of eardrums, damaging inner ear. ... It also causes high blood pressure, ulcer in the stomach, ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Pollution and solution


1
Pollution and solution
2
Pollution and Solutions
  • Visual pollution and solutions
  • Air pollution and solutions
  • Water pollution and solutions
  • Thermal pollution and solutions
  • Noise pollution and solutions
  • Land pollution and solutions
  • Case study in HK

3
Water Pollution
  • Earth's surface is covered by 70 water, so why
    fuss over protecting water?

4
The major sources of water pollution
  • Organic pollution
  • Agricultural pollution
  • Runoff, toxic waste
  • Thermal pollution.
  • --- excessive enrichment of a
    lake, etc. with nutrients, resulting in growth of
    organisms and depletion oxygen.

Eutrophication
Eutrophication
5
Water pollution
  • more water pollution
  • more pressing on the environment
  • Waste that come from the sewage plant encourage
    the growth of algae.
  • Overgrowth of algae water soon becomes
    algae ridden and oxygen depleted.

6
Water pollution
  • Toxic waste comes from industrial plants.
  • industrial processes heavy metals
  • lead, copper, cadmium, iron and others
  • released into the water.
  • poisoned the marine organisms

Heavy Industries
7
Water pollution
Consequences
  • Harm our health
  • Destroy the ecosystem
  • Endanger the livelihood of the fishermen
  • Affect the tourism

8
Noise pollution
  • unwanted and damaging sound that pollute the
    environment.

9
The major sources of noise pollution
  • Aircraft taking off and landing at the airport.
  • Traffic.
  • Machinery on construction sites, particularly
    drills and pile-drivers.
  • Factory machinery.
  • Air-conditioning.
  • Discotheque music, radio, cassette-recorder,
    television sets, etc.

10
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11
Noise pollution
Consequences
  • Make people nervous
  • Damage peoples hearing
  • Lower the living standard

12
Land pollution
  • Urban development can higher our living standard.
    However over development may create a lot of
    waste

Land pollution
13
Land pollution
Reasons
  • littering
  • illegal dumping of domestic waste
  • Agricultural activities
  • industrial development
  • Construction waste

14
Domestic waste
  • use of plastic bags
  • Use of non-recycling products
  • Illegal littering

Agricultural activities
  • excessive use of pesticides and herbicides
  • make the soil become infertile
  • Illegal timbering
  • Shifting cultivation

15
Industrial development
  • Chemical wastes
  • Illegal littering of the by-product during the
    production

16
Land pollution
Consequences
  • Disturb the living of the habitants
  • Harm the human health
  • Bring adverse effect to tourism

17
Visual pollution
  • The poor organized landscape of the cities
  • Formed by the poor arrangement of the urban
    settlements.
  • Buildings
  • Roads
  • others infrastructures,etc.

Example
18
Visual pollution
Reasons
  • The weak urban planning.
  • the mixed land use may be occurred (the
    residential land use being too close with the
    industrial land use)
  • The underestimated speed of urbanization.
  • the government cannot makes response to
    the urbanization to reach the development of the
    cities.

19
Visual pollution
  • Poor living standard.
  • The poor landscape would affect the tourism.
    (Landscape is one of the important elements
    affect the tourists decision)

Consequences
20
Air pollution
  • concentrations of certain substances
  • high enough to pollute the atmospheric
    environment.
  • Air Pollution occur

21
Main sources of pollutants
  • sulphur dioxide
  • nitrogen oxides
  • carbon monoxide
  • Carbon dioxide
  • Suspended particulates

                                                 
22
Sources of Air Pollution
  • Traffic
  • Factories
  • Air conditioner
  • Incinerators
  • Power stations

23
Air Pollution
Consequence
  • Low level of visibility
  • Acid Rain
  • smog
  • greenhouse effect Global warming
  • respiratory sickness

24
Solution for Air Pollution
  • Government
  • Planning
  • relocate stationary sources of air
  • pollution away from the main urban
  • areas  
  • 2. Legislation
  • Air Pollution Control Regulations
  • Air Quality Control Zones

25
  • 3. Monitoring and detection
  • stations to measure the amount of
  • the air pollutants
  • 4. Advice and education
  • Free advice
  • Environmental education to citizens
  • Air Pollution Index (API) are provided
  • to public

26
  • Citizen
  • Improve in engineering
  • desulphurization system
  • unleaded petrol
  • Report polluting vehicles to the police
  • Cut down the use of electricity
  • Use mass public transport

27
Solution for Water Pollution
  • Legislation
  • Water Pollution Control Regulations
  • Water Control zones
  • The livestock waste control scheme
  • Construction of sewage collection systems and
    sewage treatment works
  • Monitoring
  • Monitoring station close supervision

28
  • Citizen
  • 1. Cut down the use of water
  • 2. Use less cleansers when washing
  • Never throw rubbish into the sea or
  • river

29
Solution for Noise Pollution
  • Legislation
  • Noise Control Regulations
  • Planning
  • Guidance to planners aircraft,
    traffic,
  • railways, fixed noise
    sources
  • Better design and equipment for noise insulation
  • Double glazing
  • Roadside noise barriers

30
  • Citizen
  • 1. Report case to police
  • Keep noise at low level
  • TV, Hi-Fi, party

31
Solution for Land Pollution
  • Landfills
  • Recycling of materials
  • Education to the public
  • Citizen
  • 1. Reuse scrap paper and plastic bag
  • 2. Use recycled material

32
Case Study
Hong Kong
  • Air pollution
  • Noise pollution
  • Water pollution
  • Land pollution
  • Visual pollution

33
Case study
Reasons
  • Densely populated
  • Common in owning private cars
  • Limited Space
  • Lack of well-planning
  • Not complete legislation
  • Rapid development
  • Lack of civism

34
air pollution
  • Types of pollution
  • 1. Primary Pollutants Consists of materials
    dust, gases, liquids and other solids that enter
    the atmosphere through natural and human-made
    events.
  • 2. Industrial Smog
  • Under the right conditions, the smoke and
    sulfur dioxide produced from the burning of coal
    can combine with fog to create INDUSTRIAL SMOG

35
Reasons
  • Heavy traffic flow in busy hours, especially in
    CBD.
  • Intensive Air conditioning
  • The industries release harmful smog

36
Measures in HK
  • Educate the people use the mass-public transport.
  • Establish the electronic railway system
  • Monitor the situation of Hong Kong air
  • The monitoring station are widely
    distributed in Hong Kong.
  • There are totally eleven general stations
    and three roadside stations.

37
Land pollution
  • Background
  • high population density city.
  • large amount of population release a large
    amount of solid waste.
  • requires a large area of land to accumulate
  • land pollution occur

38
Measures in HK
  • Educate people reduce the use of plastic bags
  • Government educate people to categorize the
    rubbish
  • Advocate recycling acts by funding

39
Noise pollution
  • Background
  • high population density city makes the noise
    pollution worse
  • heavy traffic flow
  • air conditioning or the mix of the music and
    television
  • Effects
  • harm to social harmony

40
Measures in HK
  • After 1996, the government moved to the new place
    for the airport which far from the towns
  • Educate and regulate the people to reduce the
    noise

41
Water pollution
  • Background
  • large amount of solid waste and sewage produced
  • the reclamations in Hong Kong are vigorous
  • dredging project before reclamation
  • Reasons
  • Large amount of sewage and solid waste
  • Intensive Reclamation activities

42
Measures in HK
  • The water Pollution Control Regulations
  • The livestock waste control scheme
  • Sewage treatment plants
  • Charge the mediate sewage fee

43
Conclusion
  • Industrialization
  • Urbanization
  • Densely populated
  • Every citizen should pay their effort to
  • keep Hong Kong clean

Pollution
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