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EPC Monitoring Initiative School Dropouts

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For the Ministry of Education these are children who miss school ... actions children who miss school without any valid excuse fall into the record system ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: EPC Monitoring Initiative School Dropouts


1
EPC Monitoring Initiative School Dropouts
  • Definitions

By Indra Dedze, OSI Budapest E-mail idedze_at_osi.hu
2
OECD Definition
  • Dropout is a student who leaves a specific
    level of education system without achieving first
    qualification.

UNESCO Definition
Dropping out or early school leaving is
understood as leaving school education without
completing the started cycle or program.
3
Morrows Definition
  • A drop out is any student previously enrolled in
    a school, who is no longer actively enrolled as
    indicated by 15 days of consecutive unexcused
    absences, who has not satisfied local standards
    for graduation, and for whom a formal request has
    been received signifying enrollment in another
    state licensed educational institutions. A
    student death is not tallied as a dropout.

Source T. Husen, T.N. Postlethwaite (Eds) The
international Encyclopedia of
Education. Vol. 2, p. 1602, Pergamon
4
Definitions in Albania
  • Adropout is a student who leaves school before
    its completion, for any reason other than death,
    without being enrolled in another school or
    institution.
  • If the student aged 6 -16 years, the age of
    compulsory school, is for no reason absent in
    school or abandons it, his/ her parents are
    charged for law infraction with a fine from 1000
    to 10000 leaks

5
Definition of the school dropouts for the
monitoring initiative
  • School dropouts were children in the compulsory
    school age that were either
  • (i) not in school in the end of school year,
  • (ii) not finishing the last grade at the
    compulsory school level,
  • (iii) not registered for the new school year, and
  • (iv) have not got certificate of education from
    the respective age group

6
Definitions in Latvia
  • A dropout or a child, who has dropped out of
    education process a pupil who has not completed
    basic education and no longer attends school .
  • Children on the verge of dropping out pupils
    who have not attend school for six months and
    thus are unable to meet the demands set for basic
    education.

7
Definitions in Latvia (2)
  • A child/ adolescent at risk,
  • A child at risk in ordinary (comprehensive)
    schools,
  • Vulnerable child ,
  • A child, who has dropped out of education process
    or a dropout ,
  • Children on the verge of dropping out ,
  • Social exclusion.

8
Definitions in Slovakia
  • Students not attending school until its
    completion are dropouts or early school
    leavers.
  • Those absent in school without a good excuse are
    truants.
  • For the purposes the study the term people
    without completed basic education or dropout
    was used.

9
Definitions in Kazakhstan
  • For the Ministry of Education these are children
    who miss school during 10 and more days.
  • The Ministry of Internal Affairs regularly
    conduct spot-checks to detect children who
    regularly do not attend school. Thus during such
    actions children who miss school without any
    valid excuse fall into the record system

10
Definitions in Kazakhstan (2)
  • The students who dropped out from school,
  • Non-attending students,
  • Sporadically non-attending students,
  • Risk group (the risk of quitting school is
    meant),

11
Dropouts in Tajikistan
  • Children not attending school because of illness
    or disability
  • Children not able to perform well and who see no
    prospects for continuing school
  • Children dropping out because of low family
    standards (the poor)
  • Children from mountain areas who have no access
    to school (large distance to school).
  • Children of refugees who fled the country during
    the civil war.

12
Definitions in Mongolia
  • Official
  • Dropouts as children at the age of compulsory
    basic education (currently 7 through 16) who are
    not attending school
  • For teachers
  • Drop outs are children who never attended school
    or those who incurred prolonged unexcused
    absences and were dropped from the list, or those
    children who just quit school.

13
Definitions in Mongolia (2)
  • For children and Parents
  • Dropouts are those who had neither secondary
    education nor secondary higher education.
  • For the study were identified
  • Drop out children, and at-risk children
  • At-risk children
  • Poor family Big family (4 or more children with
    1 or 2 children who already dropped out)Working
    after the school High rate of truancy and
    Prolonged unexcused absences

14
Internationally Used Terms
  • Truancy,
  • Non-attendance,
  • Irregular Attendance,
  • At-Risk (of Dropping Out),
  • Drop-Out,
  • Non-Completion (Early School Leaving),
  • Non-Enrolment or Non-Registration.

15
Additional terms
  • Over the course of discussion the two other terms
    came up
  • Hidden dropouts- children who attend school
    regularly, but are neglected in the classroom and
    then fail
  • Misreported dropouts discrepancy between
    reported and observed dropouts.
  • These terms were randomly used by some countries.

16
Conclusions
  • The international definitions were not suitable
    for the purposes of the study because
  • the linguistic reasons as the adequate terms
    could not be found in the local language and
    simple translation was not possible
  • the terms were understood or used differently by
    various organizations or individuals within the
    country.
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