Plasma Display Panel

1
Plasma Display Panel

• David Phantana-angkool
• Chris Rodgers

http//www.unitedvisual.com/eos/Product.aspdept_i
d7product_id5612
2
Overview

• Definitions
• Questions
• History of Alternating Current Plasma Display
  Panel (AC PDP)
• Disadvantages of other display units
• Overview of PDP Pixel
• Current Problems
• Improving PDP performance
• Answers
• Summary

3
Questions

• What is the single-most detractor to color purity
  in a modern AC PDP
• What material is used to create the protective
  films for AC PDPs

4
Definitions

• Luminance - intensity of light per unit area
• Luminous efficiency - the ratio of the total
  luminous flux to the total radiant flux of an
  emitting source

http//www.bartleby.com
5
History of the PDP
1963 Donald Blitzers PLATO

• University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
• Computer-based Teaching
• Sustained Display required for graphics
• Proposals to replace CRT dropped

http//www.ece.uiuc.edu/alumni/w02-03/plasma_histo
ry.html
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History of the PDP

• July 1964
• 4 x 4 pixel plasma display
• Graduate student Brij Arora
• Blue hue caused by nitrogen leak
• 1967
• Pure neon 16 x 16 matrix

http//www.ece.uiuc.edu/pubs/plasma/plasma2.html
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History of the PDP

http//www.ece.uiuc.edu/pubs/plasma/plasma2.html
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History of the PDP

• Military Roots
• 1982 Plasmascope Display to control
  ground-launched missiles
• Very large displays
• Hardened to withstand nuclear attacks
• Fewer ElectroMagnetic Interference/Compatibility
  (EMI) problems
• Photonics Systems and Electro Plasma Corporation
• Founded by Donald Wedding of Univ. of Illinois in
  1978
• Its PDPs used for over one hundred military
  applications
• Other customers included Rockwell Raytheon
  General Dynamics and Boeing

http//www.theclockmag.com/september/sept_oct_plas
ma_battles.htm
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History of the PDP

• 1980s Only monochrome products were marketed
• 1993 First high color plasma display marketed
  by Fujitsu

http//whatis.techtarget.com/definition/0sid9_gc
i21463100.html http//www.physics.northwestern.e
du/classes/2003Spring/Phyx335/12
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Disadvantages of other selections

• CRTs
• Require vacuum and fixed distance between gun and
  screen resulting in curved screens
• Affected by earths magnetic field
• Larger screen means deeper screen
• Phosphor burns
• LCDs
• Require backlight
• Poor visibility from angles
• Fragile
• Projection
• Relies on optics and geometry easily distorted
• Larger means dimmer
• Expensive parts
• Requires light

http//www.drwedding.com/ppt/flex.ppt
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AC PDP Light Emissions

• Color images emitted based on combination of red
  green and blue
• Vacuum ultraviolet stimulates RGB phosphors
  creating visible light
• Orange light is also created by neon discharge
  during Ne-Xe plasma reaction
• Color purity is deteriorated by orange light

H. Tae B. Cho K. Cho S. Chien New
Color-Enhancing Discharge Mode Using Self-Erasing
Discharge in AC Plasma Display Panel IEEE
Plasma Science vol. 31 no. 2 pp. 256-263
April 2003.
12
AC PDP Electrode Structure
K. Lee C. Chen and S. Lo Resonant Pole
Inverter to Drive the Data Electrodes of AC
Plasma Display Panel IEEE Trans. Industrial
Electronics Vol. 50 No. 3 pp. 554-559 June
2003.
13
Inside the AC PDP pixel

• Sustain Discharge area
• Excited Atoms radiate ultraviolet light
• Visible light is emitted through the absorption
  of ultraviolet light in the phosphors

Chen Chern-Lin and Shin-Tai Lo. Improving
Luminous Efficiency of AC-Type Plasma Display
Panels by Adjusting the State of Sustaining
Discharges in the Sustaining Period . IEEE
Transaction on Plasma Science 30 (2002) 428-436
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RGB Video
http//www.plasmaco.com/LarryPaper/ColorPDPPixel.m
ov

http//www.plasmaco.com/LarryPaper/ColorPDPPixel.m
ov
15
AC PDP Driving Scheme
K. Lee C. Chen and S. Lo Resonant Pole
Inverter to Drive the Data Electrodes of AC
Plasma Display Panel IEEE Trans. Industrial
Electronics Vol. 50 No. 3 pp. 554-559 June
2003.
16
http//www.cs.berkeley.edu/sequin/CS184/IMGS/Plas
maDisplay.JPG
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Magnesium Oxide Layer

• MgO Thin Films used as protective layer in AC PDP
  applications
• High thermal/chemical stability
• Low optical loss
• High thermal conductance
• Good Electrical Insulating Properties
• Low erosion rate in plasma applications
• High coefficient of secondary electron emission
• Importance
• Protects dielectric layer
• Helps maintain low breakdown voltage

Hyun Suk Jung Jung-Kun Lee Kug Sun Hong and
Hyuk-Joon Youn Ion-induced secondary electron
emission behavior of solgel-derived MgO thin
films used for protective layers in alternating
current plasma display panels Journal of
Applied Physics. Vol. 92 No. 5 pp. 2855-2860
September 2002 http//cpat.ups-tlse.fr/operation
s/operation_03/ARTICLES/icpig.pdf
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Problems with Plasma Display Panel

• Poor color purity
• Low contrast
• Current PDPs utilize about .5 of power

Beouf J.P. et. Al. Calculated characteristics
of radio-frequency plasma display panel cells
including the influence of xenon metastables.
Journal of Applied Physics 92 (2002) 6990-7010.
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Current Problems with PDP

• Low luminous efficiency 1.5 lm/W
• Phosphor conversion 25
• Low efficiency for conversion of electrical
  energy to excitation energy

Boeuf J.P. et al. Calculated characteristics
of radio-frequency plasma display panel cells
including the influence of xenon metastables .
Journal of Applied Physics 92 (2002) 6990-7010.
20
Typical Alternating Current Plasma Display Panel

• 2 of power is used to produce vacuum ultra
  violet (VUV)
• 90 of the VUV energy is lost when visible light
  is emitted
• 58 of electrical energy is lost in heating
• 27 energy loss due to electron ionization and
  excitation of neon

Boeuf J.P. et al. Calculated characteristics
of radio-frequency plasma display panel cells
including the influence of xenon metastables .
Journal of Applied Physics 92 (2002) 6990-7010.
21
Improving PDP

• Improving Luminous Efficiency
• New drive scheme for Applying Auxiliary pulses to
  the address node
• Optimizing the Pixel Cell Geometry
• Improving the Image Quality
• Neodymium-containing transparent dielectrics
  (NCTD)
• Self-Erasing Discharge

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Interesting Fact about xenon in PDP

• Only 15 of energy is used to excite xenon
• 70 of the energy deposit in the Xenon system
  results in generation of UV photons.

Boeuf J.P. et al. Calculated characteristics
of radio-frequency plasma display panel cells
including the influence of xenon metastables .
Journal of Applied Physics 92 (2002) 6990-7010.
23
Applying Pulses to the Address Node

• Pulses of 100V and 250 kHz were applied to the
  address node during the sustain period
• Improve Luminous Efficiency by 14
• Higher Luminance in the sustain voltage

Adding pulses to the address node
Cho Hyoung J. and Kyung Cheol Choi. Improved
Luminance and Luminous Efficiency of AC Plasma
Display Panel. IEEE Transaction on
Consumer Electronics 49 (2003) 252-256.
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Applying Pulses to the Address Node
100V pulses applied to the address node
No pulse applied to the address node
Cho Hyoung J. and Kyung Cheol Choi. Improved
Luminance and Luminous Efficiency of AC Plasma
Display Panel. IEEE Transaction on
Consumer Electronics 49 (2003) 252-256.
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Improving the Color Purity of PDP

• Benefits of using Neodymium (Nd2O3) in
  Transparent dielectric film (NCTD)
• Good color filter characteristics for a PDP
• Improving the color absorption at 580 nm (orange
  light)
• Increase in the color temperature of white
  emission raise from 6819K to 7554K.

Kim H.S. D.K. Lee and S.H. Sohn. Optical
properties of the neodymium-containing
transparent dielectrics for plasma display panel
. Applied Physics Letters 81 (2002) 3179-3182.
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Self-Erasing Discharge

• Improves luminance and color purity by minimizing
  neon emission while strengthening VUV
• Self-erasing discharge produced through
  ramped-square sustain pulse

Traditional Pulses
Ramped Sustain Pulse
H. Tae B. Cho K. Cho S. Chien New
Color-Enhancing Discharge Mode Using Self-Erasing
Discharge in AC Plasma Display Panel IEEE
Plasma Science vol. 31 no. 2 pp. 256-263
April 2003.
27
Self-Erasing Discharge
Traditional Discharge
Self-Erasing Discharge
H. Tae B. Cho K. Cho S. Chien New
Color-Enhancing Discharge Mode Using Self-Erasing
Discharge in AC Plasma Display Panel IEEE
Plasma Science vol. 31 no. 2 pp. 256-263
April 2003.
28
Self-Erasing Discharge Results

• 4-inch test panel
• Ramped square wave produced 36.6 higher
  luminance at 100 kHz
• Required no additional power consumption
• Ramped square wave produced 48.7 higher luminous
  efficiency at 100 kHz
• Blue and green purity improved expanding color
  gamut by 5.4 at 150 kHz

H. Tae B. Cho K. Cho S. Chien New
Color-Enhancing Discharge Mode Using Self-Erasing
Discharge in AC Plasma Display Panel IEEE
Plasma Science vol. 31 no. 2 pp. 256-263
April 2003.
29
Cell Pitch
Cell pitch distance between centers of two
adjacent rib barriers
Woo Joo Chung Jeong Hyun Seo Dong-Cheol Jeong
and Ki-Woong Whang Three-Dimensional Modeling
of a Surface Type Alternating Current Plasma
Display Panel Cell The Effect of Cell Geometry
on the Discharge Characteristics IEEE
Transactions on Plasma Science. Vol. 31 No. 5
pp 1023-1031 October 2003.
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Barrier Rib Height
Barrier Rib Height distance between rear and
front panel determines discharge volume
Woo Joo Chung Jeong Hyun Seo Dong-Cheol Jeong
and Ki-Woong Whang Three-Dimensional Modeling
of a Surface Type Alternating Current Plasma
Display Panel Cell The Effect of Cell Geometry
on the Discharge Characteristics IEEE
Transactions on Plasma Science. Vol. 31 No. 5
pp 1023-1031 October 2003.
31
Answers to Questions

• What is the single-most detractor to color purity
  in a modern AC PDP
• Orange Neon emission
• What material is used to create the protective
  films for AC PDPs
• Magnesium Oxide

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Summary
AC PDP has grown from original roots to the
commercial marketplace Problems with color
purity and luminance due to neon emissions and
other factors continue to be researched Several
improvements have been addressed that will help
assure PDPs claim a strong stake in future
television sales
http//akamaipix.crutchfield.com/products/2003/700
/x700HPN5039-f_MT.jpeg
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Questions