Smart Cars

1
Smart Cars

• By Michio Kaku

2
Time allotment

• Warming Up
• Text Explanation
• Writing strategy of Resume

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Warming Up

• Automobile(?)???????
• Car(?)?????(?)???,????
• Sedan(?)???,?????

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Types of Automobile

• Convertible???????
• SUV-Sports Utility Vehicle??????
• Off-road vehicle???
• Sports Coupe????

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Types of Automobile

• MPV-Multi-Purpose Vehicle????
• Classical car???
• Recreational Car??
• Conceptual Car???
• Pick-up??(???)

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Automobile Brands

• Ferrari
• Citreoen
• Peugeot
• Mitsubishi
• Honda
• Toyota
• Porsche
• Chevrolet
• Volkswagen
• Ford
• Buick
• Lamborghini
• Rolls Royce

• BMW-Bavarian Motor Works??
• Jaguar??
• Benz??
• Hummer ??(?????,?????????????)
• Cadillac????the Cadillac of sth???,???,???

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Brainstorming

• What functions do you think a smart car should
  have?Discuss and list
• Lets take a look at an intelligent car in a
  movie.

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Unit 2 Text A Smart Cars

• Excerpted from Visions How Science Will
  Revolutionize the 21st Century

• Michio Kaku
• An internationally recognized authority in
  theoretical physics and environment
• A professor of theoretical Physics at the City
  College and Graduate Center of City University in
  New York

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Smart CarsText Organization

• Part One(Paras 1-3)
• Part Two(Paras 4-9)
• Part Three(Paras 10-13)

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Part One, Paragraph 2Language Points

• Lucrative (L4) adj. producing much
  moneysyn.profitable
• lucrative business / market / contract / job
• The lobbies of Baghdad's five-star hotels are
  packed with businessmen fighting over lucrative
  contracts.
• There is still an illegal but lucrative trade
  in ivory between Africa and South-East Asia.

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Part One, Paragraph 2Language Points

• presently (L5) adv. especially American English
  at the present time, (syn.-now)in a short time,
  (syn-soon)
• This is a relatively clean source of energy
  compared to presently available nuclear power.
• Tea will be served presently.

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Part One, Paragraph 2Language Points

• Manufacture (L7) v. 1) make goods on a large
  scale using machinery
• The car was designed, developed, and manufactured
  in collaboration with Honda.
• 2) n.
• During World War II, steel supplies were used in
  the manufacture of weapons.
• This country imports many foreign manufactures.
  (pl)???,??
• Cf- manufacturer???

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Part One, Paragraph 3Background Information

• ITS (L13) Intelligent transportation systems
  encompass a broad range of wireless and wireline
  communications-based information, control and
  electronics technologies.
• Functions of ITSHelp monitor and manage traffic
  flowReduce congestionProvide alternate routes
  to travelersEnhance productivitySave lives,
  time and money.
• Examples of Intelligent transportations systems
  include Advanced Traveler Information
  SystemsAdvanced Traffic Management
  SystemsIncident Management Systems

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Part One, Paragraph 2Exercise

• L4 The automobile industry ranks as among the
  most lucrative and powerful industriesrank as
  one of
• Rank as / amongToday's match ranks as one of the
  most exciting games that these two have ever
  played.We rank among the safest countries in the
  world.
• Double prepositionEx P52

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Part OneQuestion

• How important was the automobile industry in the
  twentieth century?
• What will happen to cars and roads in the
  twenty-first century?
• Main idea of Part One
• New technology will have a dramatic impact on
  cars and highways in the 21st century.

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Part Two, Paragraph 4Language Points

• eliminate (L19) v. to completely get rid of sth.
  that is unnecessary or unwanted to defeat a team
  or person in a competition??
• sth eliminate a need/possibility/risk/problem
• The credit card eliminates the need for cash or
  checks.
• eliminate sth/sb from sth
• Their team was eliminated from the World Cup in
  the first round.
• Cf-Select the superior and eliminate the inferior
  (survival of the fittest)
• ????

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Part Two, Paragraph 4Language Points

• vapor (L21) n.
• The atmosphere always contains some moisture in
  the form of water vapor.
• in the air (L21) in the earths atmosphere if a
  feeling is in the air, a lot of people feel it at
  the same time
• Or be (up) in the air uncertain, not yet decided
• There is a strong smell of burning in the air
  before the eruption of the volcano.
• There was a sense of excitement in the air.
• Our trip is still very much (up) in the air.
• Cf- be on / off (the) air??/??
• put on airs??? airs and graces????

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Part Two, Paragraph 4Language Points

• start up (L21) if an engine, car etc starts up,
  or you start it up, it begins working ??
• if you start up a business, company etc, or
  it starts up, it begins to exist ??
• if a sound, activity, or event starts up, it
  begins to exist or happen ??
• Tax breaks help new companies start up.
• The anti-virus icon should appear whenever you
  start up your computer.

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Part Two, Paragraph 4Language Points

• alert (L22) v.alert sb alert sb to sth
• One fireman alerted the residents and helped them
  to safety.
• Campaigns have been carried out to alert the
  public to the dangers of HIV.
• adj. be alert to sth.
• The authorities should have been alert to the
  possibility of invasion.
• n. be on the alert for sth. / sb.
• Be on the alert for anyone acting suspiciously.
• on full alert / on high alert (completely
  ready to deal with a dangerous situation)

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Part Two, Paragraph 4Background Information

• The latest personal police system that prevents
  drunk driving

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Part Two, Paragraph 5Background Information

• Blind spot (L27)1) the part of road that a
  driver cannot see from the rear-view mirror
• 2) sth that you are unable or unwilling to
  understandI have a blind spot where computers
  are concerned.

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Part Two, Paragraph 6Language points

• prototype (L29) n. the first model or design of
  sth. from which other forms are copied or
  developed ??
• Bell uttered to his assistant the words, Mr.
  Watson, come here I want you, using a prototype
  telephone.

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Part Two, Paragraph 6Language points

• monotonous (L31) adj. boring because of always
  being the same
• Robots are used in repetitive, monotonous tasks
  in which human performance might degrade over
  time.
• The explorers lived on monotonous diet of rice
  and vegetables.

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Part Two, Paragraph 6Language points

• grossly (L32) adv. extremely
• Medical records were found to be grossly
  inadequate.
• Cf- gross adj. 1)??,?? ant. net
• Gross profit / weight GDP GNP
• 2) clearly wrong and unacceptable
• soldiers accused of gross violations of human
  rights

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Part Two, Paragraph 6Language points

• hazard (L33) n. a danger or risk
• Hazard to/for sth.
• Polluted water sources are a hazard to wildlife.
• health/safety hazard
• - The lead in old paints is a real health hazard.
• Cf.- hazardous adj.
• be hazardous to health

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Part Two, Paragraph 6Language points

• train sth on/at sb/sth. (L34) aim sth such as a
  gun or camera at sb or sth
• She trained her binoculars on the bird.
• Train ones gun on the enemy

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Part Two, Paragraph 7Language points

• Get/be stuck in sth. (L38) impossible or unable
  to move informal unable to escape from a bad or
  boring situation
• Getting stuck in the traffic for two hours, John
  was late for his first date with Annie.
• Mum resented being stuck at home with two young
  kids.

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Part Two, Paragraph 7Cultural Notes

• Navstar-24 navigation satellites

• GPS-Global Positioning System

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Part Two, Paragraph 7Exercise

• They make it possible (L43) review the sentence
  structurev it adj. to do sth.
• it used as object of a verb when the real
  object is later in the sentence
• P52 structure exercise

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Part Two, Paragraph 7Language points

• vibrate (L46) v. (cause sth to) move rapidly and
  continuously backwards and forwards shake
• The floor was vibrating to the beat of the music.
• Microwave ovens operate by agitating the water
  molecules in the food, causing them to vibrate,
  which produce heat.
• Cf- n. vibration

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Part Two, Paragraph 8 and 9Language points

• convert (L52) v. to change sth into a different
  form of thing, or to change sth so that it can be
  used for a different purpose or in a different
  way
• Convert sth. into/to sth
• Stocks can be easily converted to cash.
• Solar cooking requires a dark pot to absorb the
  suns rays and convert them into heat energy.
• Cf- adj. convertible
• a convertible currency
• a convertible sofa

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Part Two, Paragraph 9Background information

• Japans smart car systemAssociated Press
  December 27, 2004

• Our CountryV-type Smart Car by Qinghua
  University

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Part Two, Paragraph 8 and 9Language points

• Correlate (L54) v. have a mutual relationship or
  connection, in which one thing affects or depends
  on another
• Correlate (strongly/significantly/closely)
  with/to sth
• Poverty and poor housing correlate with a shorter
  life expectancy.
• Obesity correlates closely with increased risk of
  stroke.
• Cf- n. correlation
• There is a direct correlation between the
  best-known brands and the best-selling brands.

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Part TwoText Organization

• Functions brought by Advanced technology

• drunk electronic sensors
• driving warning radars
• sleepy driving monitoring camera

eliminate traffic accidents
Paras 4-6
warn of traffic jams
Paras 7

• sensors in cars tuned to radio signals from
  Navstar for traffic jams

• time taken for signal from satellite to arrive
• rotations in the steering wheel and position on
  map

determine cars precise locations
Paras 8-9

• Main idea of part two

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Part Three, Paragraph 10Language points

• drastically (L56) adv.Drastic adj extreme and
  sudden, having a strong or violent effect
• The size of the government was drastically cut.
  (????)
• Drastic changes are needed if environmental
  catastrophe is to be avoided.(????)
• NATO threatened drastic action if its terms were
  not met.(????)

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Part Three, Paragraph 10Language points

• Be poised to (L57) be ready to take action at
  any moment
• The automobile company is poised to launch its
  new advertising campaign.
• The company seems poised for success.
• The economy is poised on the edge/brink of
  collapse.

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Part Three, Paragraph 10Language points

• explode (L58) v. 1) to suddenly increase greatly
  in number, amount, or degreesyn.-rocket
• Florida's population exploded after World War
  II.
• 2) to suddenly express strong feelings such as
  anger
• He told a joke which made Hank explode with
  laughter.

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Part Three, Paragraph 11Exercise

• telematics (L62) abbreviation Exercise P49
  Word Formation

Abbreviation
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Part Three, Paragraph 11Cultural Notes

• Highway (L63) ??,??
• Expressway ????
• Underground / subway
• Light rail (elevated railway)
• Inner-ring road
• Outer-ring road
• Elevated road viaduct ??
• Over-pass ??
• Mag-lev train Magnetically levitated train

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Part Three, Paragraph 11Language Points

• mount (L65) v. 1) to fix (sth.) in position for
  use, display or study
• The ship mounts eight cannons.
• 2) go up stairs
• A car suddenly mounted the pavement to avoid a
  vehicle coming in the opposite direction.
• 3) to plan, organize, and begin an event or a
  course of action
• Guerrillas have mounted an attack on the capital.
• 4) to increase gradually in amount or degree
• Casualties on both sides of the battle have
  continued to mount.

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Part Three, Paragraph 12Language Points

• magnetic (L70) adj. having the properties of a
  magnet
• magnetic force
• magnetic field
• magnetic personality/charm (qualities that make
  other people feel strongly attracted to
  you)????,?????
• To be a successful businessman you must be
  enthusiastic and magnetic.

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Part Three, Paragraph 12Language Points

• bunch (L71) v. group together (both active and
  passive)
• bunch together, bunch up
• They bunched together to allow others to squeeze
  into the crowded elevator.
• cf- n.?,?,?
• a bunch of flowers / keys / grapes
• a bunch of people a group of people

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Part Three, Paragraph 13Language Points

• incorporate (L75) v. to include sth as part of a
  group, system, plan etc
• incorporate sth. into/in sth.
• We've incorporated many environmentally-friendly
  features into the design of the building.
• They laid down a health club incorporating a gym,
  sauna and steam room.

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Part Three, Paragraph 13Language Points

• boon (L79) n. sth that is very useful and makes
  your life a lot easier or better
• A recently acquired photo-copier has proved a
  great time-saving boon for note taking.
• Torontos loss is a boon to the other candidate
  cities hoping to host the 2012 Summer Olympics.
• boon companion literary a close friend??

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Part ThreeQuestions

• What technology is used in building smart
  highways?
• What are the advantages of smart highways?
• Main idea of Part Three
• GPS and telematics will make it possible to
  build smart highways, which will benefit us in
  more than one way.

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Writing StrategyHow to write a resume

• A resume is a concise business-style report that
  displays your job qualifications to a prospective
  employer. Typically, information is grouped under
  six headings. P69
• Headings
• Employment Objective
• Education
• Employment Experience
• Professional Interests
• References

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Writing StrategyHow to write a resume

• Some tips
• Keep your resume brief and to the point
• Try to fit your resume on one page. Use two pages
  only if your experience is extensive
• Avoid personal pronouns (dont use I)
• If you are using the chronological format, list
  your most recent experience
• If you are using the skills format, begin with
  your strongest and most relevant experience

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Writing StrategyHow to write a resume

• Useful websites for job-hunting
• www.zhaopin.com.cn
• www.51job.com.cnHas a printed newspaper named
  career post (Qian Cheng weekly)
• www.china-hr.com
• www.1stjob.net the target reader is graduate
  student
• www.onchina.com
• www.chinacareer.com
• www.jobcenter.com.cn focus on IT talent, links
  to other job-hunting web site
• www.hr.com.cn

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Exercises

• Multiple Choices