Astrium Space Transportation TMI Dr' Stephan Walther

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Astrium Space TransportationTMI Dr. Stephan
Walther
Experiences with performed and expectations on
future ISTC projects ISTC / STCU
Conference Ljubljana, Slovenia March 10-12, 2008
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Contents

• Overview to ISTC / STCU projects
• Performed Inflatable Reentry and Descent
  Technology
• Performed Reusable Multi-layer Thermal
  Protection Systems
• Current In-orbit Demonstration of a Gossamer
  Structure
• Current EXPERT
• Ongoing Robotics for Security
• Experiences / Lessons learnt
• Environmental changes
• Expectations on the future ISTC / STCU projects

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• IRDT Technology and History
• Lightweight inflatable system combining
  heatshield, parachute landing system
• developed by LA/ Babakin Space Center for Mars
  96 mission
• Adaptable for reentry and landing on Earth
• 1st IRDT test flight in Feb. 2000 confirmed
  basic technology feasibility
• 2nd test flight with enhanced system design under
  orbital entry conditions launched July 2002 no
  activation
• IRDT-2 reflight performed on 07.10.2005
  non-nominal landing site, reception of TM data
  for trajectory reconstruction

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Application Opportunities based on IRDT
Roskosmos Lavochkin
ESA European Development
Mars
Cooperation Lavochkin/EADS Astrium
IRT-System Study (1)ESA 2002-2004 IRT-Technology
Study (2) ESA 2003-2004 ESA Mars Mission
Preparation Studies
IRDT-1 ESA, ISTC 2000 IRDT-2 ESA, ISTC
2002 IRDT-2R ESA, ISTC 2005
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IRDT-2R - A Reflight

• Reflight of IRDT-2 with the goal to validate the
  performance and functionality of the Russian
  Inflatable Technology
• IRDT-2R total Mass at landing 140 kg
• Reduced Sensor Package, data on-board storage for
  data retrieval
• Design Re-entry conditions at 100 km altitude for
  the Demonstrator (7000 m/sec -6 entry angle)
• Design Reentry Environment Dynamic Pressure
  gt5000 Pa Peak Heatflux at the surface of the
  inflatable envelope gt 400 kW/m2 total heat input
  gt 13 MJ/m2
• Transfer of data to ground before landing, that
  are necessary for reconstruction of trajectory
• Stored measurement data shall be recoverable
  after landing
• Operational lifetime of Recovery Equipment of the
  Demonstrator shall include recovery activities up
  to 48 hours

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IRDT-2R Major Changes to Precursor Flights

• Responsibility of Launcher Payload Compartment
  (PC) design and D-2R Launcher Interface moved to
  Makeev
• Complete new design of the D-2R to Volna launcher
  mounting I/F
• Launcher Separation Mechanism Redesign
• Protective Cover Compartment redesign
• New design of Avionics compartment
• Implementation of Telemetry (TM) Function to
  receive data on ground before landing for the
  reconstruction of the trajectory
• TM new antenna design inside a rigid TPS nose
  cone
• Autonomous Radio Telemetry System (ARTS) Data
  Memory and dump required
• Avionic SW Updates for the System SW required
• GS additional equipment for quicklook flight data
  processing to support search activities
• New beacon antenna designs to support the search
  operations
• Implementation of Glonass / GPS System

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IRDT-2R Programmatics

• Major Project Milestones
• RR/PDR 1.-4. April 2003
• CDR / Expert Working Groups 24.-31.03.2004
• QFAR 10.-13.05.2005
• Final Inspection and FRR 08.-12.09.2005
  (Murmansk)
• Initial LRR 24.09.2005 (Murmansk / Kluchi,
  Kamtchatka)
• Launch date 07.10.2005
• Industrial Consortium
• EADS-Astrium ST prime
• Lavochkin Sub
• Makeev Sub/sub

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IRDT Configuration (stowed)
Equipment Container
IBU Envelope (stowed)
Science Package
IBU Filling System
Equipment Container Shock-absorber (non-cocked)
Housekeeping Equipment
Aerodynamic Shield
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IRDT-2R Configuration (deployed)
IBU Additional Part
IBU Main Part
Thermal Protection Blanket
Aerodynamic Shield
Equipment Container Shock-absorber (cocked)
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IRDT-2R Mission Profile
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IRDT-2R - Conclusion

• Due to the major design modifications and
  related extensive additional qualification work
  and a launcher failure of the Volna launcher the
  launch date had to be shifted to end of 2005
• Major achievements
• Successful launch with Volna
• Correct separation from Volna -gt newly designed
  launcher I/F worked properly
• Reception of TM data before and after black out
  phase
• From TM data a proper inflation of the MIBD can
  be expected
• From the trajectory reconstruction it can be
  expected that the maximum heat flux was reached,
  but on the way to the point of maximum
  deceleration a non-nominal behavior of the
  inflatable occured

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Project Gossamer StructuresIN-ORBIT
DEMONSTRATION EXPERIMENT WITH INFLATABLE AND
RIGIDIZABLE STRUCTURES

• Cooperation between EADS Astrium ST and Lavochkin
  Association
• Project 2835 gt technology development funded
  by Astrium-ST
• Project 2836 gt flight test funded by ISTC
• Timeframe 2004-2008

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• Project 2835 gt technology development
• Funded by Astrium-ST gt completed in July 2006
• Deployment rigidization tests performed in
  Lavockin vacuum chamber
• ( Deployment control system to be improved )

Tests of panel in the VC-48
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Project 2836 gt flight test
LAVOCHKIN ASSOCIATION
Flight test mission profile
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Project 2836 gt flight test
LAVOCHKIN ASSOCIATION

• Flight testing of generic demonstrator
• (deployment rigidization in space)
• Flight funded by ISTC
• 2 generic demonstrators (compatible with ULS
  IOE specifications ESA funded TRP project )
  funded by ISTC using the solvant evaporation
  rigidization technique gt designed manufactured
  by Lavochkin

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• Project 2836
• flight test preparation
• final selection of flight test configuration
• passenger on Soyuz Fregat launch in 2008

TASK 5
In-orbit
experiments
(measurements,
ground control
support)
TASK 4
CDR2
In launcher accommodation
insertion into the orbit
CDR
TASK 3
Manufacturing
testing of flight
models
TASK 2
PDR
Demonstrator models ground tests
TASK 1
Designing of the flight
Demonstrator
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
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Project Reusable Multi-layer Thermal Protection
Systems

• Cooperation between EADS Astrium ST/NGL, ESA and
  Yuzhnoye
• Project 3567 (STCU)
• ObjectiveYuzhnoye SDO develops a metal
  multi-layer thermal protection system (TPS) for
  reusable spacecraft to protect the spacecraft
  surfaces when heated to not more than 1100ºC
• Timeframe 2005-2006
• Resumee
• Good results by analysis and investigations by
  Yuzhnoye
• further activities should become part of the
  joint activities towards future reusable launcher
  systems

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Project Robotics for Security

• ISTC Project 3711
• Russian State Scientific Center for Robotics and
  Technical Cybernetics, St.Petersburg
• Collaborators
• EADS Astrium ST
• LAAS, France
• Joint Research Centre Italy
• Sapienza. S.L.,Spain
• Objective
• There is a significant demand to improve the
  available security equipment by high levels of
  autonomy, robustness and dependability,
  adaptability, modularity, application of
  microsystems, and user friendliness
• Proceeding The environment and security range of
  concerns will be discussed with the relevant
  institutions and in close contact/cooperation
  with the user the selection of needed equipment
  with the respectively requirements have to be
  defined commonly to agree on the specifications
  for the developments
• Schedule 2008-2011
• Status
• First progress meeting took place in Germany in
  Nov 2007
• Promising activities

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Lessons learnt recommendation (1 / Gossamer)

• Lessons learnt /experience
• Interesting technical achievements concerning
  materials technologies developments
• Test means available at Lavochkin Association
  allow to perform the whole range of tests in view
  of a flight test preparation
• Positive support from Roscosmos in view of the
  flight test preparation
• Recommendations
• Need for regular progress meetings ( quarterly )
  to check work progress and update the work plan
  when needed, depending on results achieved
• The experience achieved for the ISTC funded
  flight test preparation is a good background in
  view of the flight testing of technologies
  developed by Astrium-ST (both under internal
  fundings and on ESA fundings TRP Program )
• A common meeting ESA / Roscosmos / Astrium-ST /
  Lavochkin after ISTC flight completion would be a
  good opportunity to prepare further cooperation

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Lessons learnt recommendations (2 /IRDT)

• Close monitoring of activities necessary,
  involves also higher resources for this purpose
• Direct access to sub-cos important, key players
  should be directly contracted (e.g. Makeev as
  launcher provider and operations responsible in
  case of IRDT-2R)
• Reviews/Meetings take longer, expectations have
  to be clearly communicated in advance and the
  common understanding has to be ensured
• It has to be acknowledged that the Russian
  standard approach for projects differs from the
  ESA environment (reviews not necessarily known to
  Russian industry as usually hold within ESA
  projects)
• The will to learn from each other and the
  standard practices has to be there on both sides,
  adaptation towards compromises to fit within both
  environments ESA/ Russian industry have to be
  taken. This can also be a very fruitful
  experience.
• Emphasis has to be put on testing, as analysis
  documentation is not that easy achievable and in
  Russian industry not necessarily the standard way
  forward as used to in an ESA environment

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Lessons learnt recommendations (3 / IRDT /
general)

• A lot of know how in research and development in
  technologies like materials and processes is
  available in Russia from the past
• The development approach differs from western
  approach drastically Russia prefers more test
  activities than analyses
• It has to be clearly agreed on contractually
  which information, data and results will be
  accessible for the western European partners
• Uncertainties in handling of IPR Intellectual
  Property Rights on both sides with the tendency
  of more restricted
• Some Russian space industries were and are not
  interested in ISTC projects

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What has changed in the meantime?

• Political and economical self-confidence strongly
  increasing in Russia
• Political situation/trend not predictable
• Russian GDP Gross Domestic Product is growing at
  6-7 per year
• The Federal Space Budget has been increased and
  has been doubled in the last three years (FSA
  budget in 2007 is about 800 mEUR / ESA 3 bnEUR /
  NASA 14 bn)
• Half of the money to the Russian space industry
  by space commercial activities
• Russia actively explores new markets in China,
  India, South Korea and Brazil
• Restructuring of the Russian industry in various
  clusters of companies is at various stages
  privatization is envisaged to be finished in 2010
• Ground infrastructure / facilities has to be
  improved significantly
• Demand for young engineers in the Russian space
  industry
• Harmonization of international management style
  and project performance

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Expectations on future ISTC/STCU projects

• Adaptation of the ISTC/STCU rules to current
  environment/trends
• Implementation of single ISTC/STCU projects into
  long term programs and perspectives in the
  relevant agencies planning
• From European financing/investment into
  industrial/institutional partnership ROI to
  establish win-win situations
• Future joint projects by clear commitments of all
  parties/partners