Calculator workshop presented by James Salvadon


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Calculator workshop presented by James Salvadon
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Calculator WorkshopPresented by James Salvadon


Spring 2004 developmental workshop I.
Introduction to the TI-83/83 and the TI-84
Silver edition. II. Comparison/similarities -
key buttons and features. III. FAQS and
answers. IV. Applications and
programming. V. Interconnectivity- uploading
and downloading from a calculator to a
calculator and from a laptop to a calculator.
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Texas Instrument History
A brief history lesson on the Texas Instrument
calculator series. The company was founded in
1930 as Geophysical Service. It began by
providing contract exploration services to the
petroleum industry. Throughout the 1940s and
50s it had evolved into a leading designer and
manufacturer of innovative defense electronics
systems and semiconductors. The company has also
been credited for being the first to mass
produce silicon transistors in 1954 and for
inventing the integrated circuit the micro-chip
in 1958 and the electronic hand-held calculator
in 1967 but the very first calculators bearing
the TI brand began to appear in 1972. Source
Texas Instruments Co.
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Different TI-Calculators
There have been a steady flow of Texas Instrument
calculators over the last 32 years. Here are the
most notable TI-calculators. 1972 TI-2500 1973
SR-10 1974 SR-50 1975 SR-52 1976 TI-5040
1977 TI Programmable 59 1978 TI-1030 1978
TI-50 1979 TI-35 1981 TI-1766 1982 TI-30
SLR 1985 TI-30 Galaxy 1986 TI-60 /1987 TI-12
Math Explorer 1988 TI-68 1990 TI-81( TI-first
graphing calculator)1991 BA II PLUS 1992 TI-85
1995 TI-83 1999 TI-83TI- 92 TI-83 silver
edition TI-84 the Voyager 2000 the Navigator
2000and TI-84 silver edition are the latest
Texas Instruments on Todays market. Source
Texas Instruments Co.
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TI-83/83 -VS- TI-84

• TI- 83/83 Versus TI-84
• The TI-84 has more memory more features and
  greater capability than
• the TI-83/83 series.
• It has preloaded finance applications that allows
  you to calculate
• personal investments mortgage payments
  annuities etc
• It has more spaces for graphing handheld software
  applications (Apps)
• and interchangeable faceplates that let you
  customize the appearance of
• your calculator.
• It also has more linking features that allows
  you to upload and download
• course related materials from the internet and
  from a calculator to a calculator.

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Frequently asked questions and answers
The next fews will address some of the most
frequently asked questions by students. A Texas
instrument calculator is used to answer these
questions. Note Some features in this
presentation are only available In the TI-84
version. In most cases the commands used in this
presentation will work for both versions 83s
and 84s.
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Key buttons on your calculator

• The 2nd button is used activate the features in
  (yellow color(ti-83)/Blue color for 84)
• The cursor is used to move around the screen(i.2
  left right up or down)
• The ON/Off button is used to turn on/off the
  calculator
• The enter button is used to execute a command
• The Alpha button is used to type an alpha-numeric
  character
• The mode button is used to set the calculator to
  a desired mode
• Quit button is used to exit a menu screen
• Clear button is used to clear the screen

Cursor Button
On/Off Button
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Difference between the two negative signs on your
calculator VS ( )
Negative signs The negative sign should not be
confused with the subtraction sign. When
subtracting two numbers use the
located above the plus sign symbol

• and when negating a number use the ( )
  Located at the very bottom right of your
• Calculator.
• For instance
• 4 4
• To negate 17 well use ( ) 17

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Typing and storing
To type consistently without any interruption
set the calculator to Alphanumeric mode as
follows


8. To store a value in a variable use
the store button from the bottom left hand corner
of your calculator as follows
Type 2 STO- The
expression 3x2 4x 4 will be evaluated
as follows
3(2)2 4(2) 4 3(4) 8 4 8
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To obtain fractional answer
Fractional answers To simply ½ 1/3 and obtain
an answer that is in fractional format type ½
1/3 sto frac to get 5/6.. Observe that ½ 1/3
.83 without this option. To convert 25/18 to
an improper fraction type 2 5/18 frac as
seen here Keep in mind the sto button
is located at the bottom left of your calculator
on top of the ON button. This feature can also
be used to convert a decimal to a fraction
.8333333.. frac and pres Enter to display 5/6

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Square root function and Rational exponent
To find the square root of a real number n
0 Press x2 n and press Enter to
display result
__ Example
x2 25 Enter will display (25
5 To find the nth root of x ( assuming it
exists) We press math and use the root
feature(5) out of the adjacent menu as
follows n x Example The fifth root of 32
can be calculated as follows 5 Pres 5 MATH x
32 will display 2 as shown here The third root
of 8 and the fifth root of 32 can also be
computed as follows (8) (1/3) 81/3
2 (32 ) (1/5) 321/5 2. To raise a number
to the -1 power use the x-1 key. To calculate
5-1 enter 5 and press x-1 to obtain .2 The
number e can be raised to any power. To calculate
e-2. 3 press ln (- 2.3) enter to
display .1002588437
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Setup the calculator clock

• To setup the system clock click on the mode
  button
• Use the cursor to highlight the set clock option
  out of the menu.
• Enter the desired date and time.
• The following is a set up for January 3 2005
  957 AM (This feature is only available in
  TI-84s and newer version of Texas Instruments
  only)

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The Most Common Menu Screens
CATALOG Menu
Mode Menu
Calc Menu
Math Menu
Graph menu
STAT Menu
Window Menu
Zoom Menu
Drawing menu
Test menu
Programming menu
Finance/Business menu
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Using the mode features-Scientific notation

• To change a setting use the cursor keys
• To highlight the desired option and press
• Normal indicates the numbers are displayed in a
  normal fashion

To obtain a very large number or a very small
number in scientific notation we highlight the
SCI feature from the mode menu to the
right For example 52000 will return 5.2 e4
which is equivalent to 5.2 X 10 4 .0063 will
return 6.3 e-3
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Using the mode features
Important Always remember to reset the
calculator mode to standard after each setup! The
float feature out of the mode menu can be used to
round all you answers to whole numbers. To
round to your answer to the nearest whole
number to the nearest tenths hundredths etc
highlight 0 1 2 from the float menu to the
right
The round function key is located under
num button (upper left ) can be used to round
number
Rounding whole numbers and decimals To round
the number 234.6789 to a whole number set the
floating mode above to zero. To round to the
nearest tenths hundredths place set the floating
mode to 1 2. On can also use the function
round( value decimal). For instance round(
26.3678 3) will return 26.368.
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Using features out of the mode menu
The TI-83 has keys for three of the six
trigonometric functions sine cosine and
tangent. Before you use one of these keys always
be aware of the mode your calculator is in! Is
the angle involved given in degrees or radians
Lets begin by finding the value of the 3
trigonometric functions for an angle of 120.
First make sure the calculator is in Degree
mode.


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On the Home screen press the key for the desired
trigonometric function then type in the angle
then close the parentheses and enter the
command. The result shown is the approximate
value for that trigonometric function. Sin 120
3 / 2 .8660254038 Cos 120 -1/2 Tan
120 - 3 -1.73 To calculate in radian the
radian feature must be highlighted out of the
mode menu For instance Sin 5/3 Cos 5/3
Tan 5/3

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7
6
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Using the DMS features to Covert to
degreesminutes and seconds
To start converting set the calculator mode to
degree. Pres Matrix (ti-83) or
x -1 for ti-84 to Select ANGLE . (
keep in mind degree must be less than 999999.
Minutes and seconds must be less than 60) To
convert 54 degrees 30 minutes 30 seconds to
degree Set the mode to degree then type
5403030 and Enter to display 54.5083333.. To
convert 65.69 to degrees minutes and seconds
type 65.69-DMS Press Enter to display
6504124
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Solving higher degree equations by factoring
Although the solver feature can be used to solve
and factor higher degree equations The table
feature is the most efficient way to solve and
factor simultaneously. The Table button can be
used to factor and to find the zeros of a
function whose solutions are real. Let f(x) x4
15x2 10x 24 a)Press y (upper left to enter
the function) b)
Press graph to list the zeros of
f(x) Since the zeros of f(x) occur at x 1
-2 -3 4 The linear factors of f(x) are
(x-1)(x2)(x3)(x-4)

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Graphing polynomial functions
Press y button setup the window menu to the
desired length and width Observe the selected
values for x and the corresponding y values Graph
a) y x3 4x x y2
y x4 4x2
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Graphing Rational functions
The Zdecimal feature out of the zoom menu is by
far the best tool available from your calculator
to graph a rational function. Observe the
difference of the two graphs for the function
x2 f(x) ----------- x2 - 1
Here the window is set up Here is setup
on zdecimal On zstandard
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Solver higher degree equations whose solutions
are real and imaginary
Although the Ti-83/84 do not display imaginary
solutions for polynomial of degree higher than 2
the table feature along with synthetic/long
division can be used to determine the real and
imaginary parts as well as the linear
factors. Determine the real and imaginary
solutions for the following polynomials P(x) x4
x3 -2x2- 4x -24 Observe from the table the
real zeros occur at x 3-2 So (x-3) and (x2)
are divisors of F(x) using synthetic division
we can obtain the remaining linear factors as
followed
3 1 -1 -2 -4 -24 . 3 6 12 24 1
2 4 8 0
(x-3)(x32x24x 8) Using factoring by grouping
the preceding polynomial can be factored as
follows (x-3)(x2)(x24) Set x-30 x2 0 or
x24 0 which implies x 3-3 2i
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Graphing conics
The following examples will illustrate the graph
of a Circle Ellipse and Hyperbola using the
Texas instrument -84 Pres APPS then click on
conics choose circle one can use the conics
option to graph the a circle ellipse or a
hyperbola Examples Graph a circle whose
equation is given by (x1)2 (y-2)2 42
(centered at (-12) with radius 4) an Ellipse
whose equation is given by x2/4 y2/25 1
and a Hyperbola whose equation is given by x2/4
y2/9 1
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Drawing a vertical line
Drawing a vertical line The graphs of
vertical lines can NOT be entered into the Y
menu since their form is x c and y is
written as a function of x. Therefore the line
can be drawn as follows
Press 2nd-PRGM (DRAW) to see the DRAW menu
Enter the given value for x say x 5 Select
Vertical 5 to draw x 5
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Sequence Series
Listing terms of a sequence.
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Memory Management Calculator Maintenance
MEM will allow you to reset memory
clear/delete entries archive and unarchive as
needed. You can also calculate memory
availability and usage

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Graphing Inequalities-Part I
Shading above or below a graph can be done by
accessing the Y menu a)Press Y and enter the
desired function. b)Use the left-arrow key to
move the cursor to the far left. c)Press the
enter key twice. d)The triangle is blinking.
e)Press Graph to see it. f)Go back to the Y
screen and press ENTER again. The graphs
should look like this
This is the This is the option
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Graphing system of Inequalities-Part II
SYSTEMS of inequalities are graphs the same
way. NoteThe graph cannot distinguish between
less than and less than or equal to The
same for greater than and greater than or
equal to graphs. Graph Y x2
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Programming
Program are used to automate some frequently used
tasks. To create a new program Press the PRGM
button then choose new program give it a name
and begin programming as illustrated below.Here
is a simple program to calculate the solution of
a quadratic equation LBL 1 PROMPT a b
c IF a 0 THEN DISPL Bad Input GOTO
1 END b2 4ac D IF D Solutions IF D 0 THEN -b / (2 a) S DISPL
Solution S END IF D 0 THEN
________ ( -b b2-4ac) / (2a) x ( -b -
b2-4ac) / (2a) y DISPL Solutions x
y END
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Interconnectivity

• Of the best features of the Ti-84/83
  is the ability to transfer data from one
  calculator to another.
• This process requires the linking cable that
  comes with the calculator.
• 1. Plug the cable into both calculators.
• 2. On the RECEIVING calculator press 2nd -
  Xt0n(LINK)
• Use the right arrow key to highlight RECEIVE.
  The screen will say waiting...
• Press LINK on the SENDING calculator
• Choose what to transfer. Choose 3 to transfer
  a program as illustrated below.
• To transfer Data from your TI calculator to your
  computer you need tp purchase
• the TI-Graphing link software and cable Once
  the software is installed
• and the cable is connected to USB Port. You may
  begin to upload and
• download data by following the on screen
  direction