Secured Seamless Convergence across Heterogeneous Access Network

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Secured Seamless Convergence across Heterogeneous
Access Network
Authors Ashutosh Dutta, Subir Das, David
Famolari Telcordia Technologies, New Jersey,
USA Yoshihiro Ohba, Kenichi Taniuchi, Victor
Fajardo, Toshikazu Kodama Toshiba
America Research Inc, New Jersey Henning
Schulzrinne, Columbia University, New
York Presenter Ashutosh Dutta Email
adutta_at_research.telcordia.com Prepared for World
Telecommunication Congress 2006, Budapest, Hungary
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Outline

• Motivation
• Related Work
• Scope and Goal of IEEE 802.21
• IEEE 802.21 Components
• MPA Overview
• MPA assisted IEEE 802.21 handover
• Implementation Results
• Intra-technology, Inter-domain
• Inter-technology, Interdomain
• Conclusion

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Mobile Wireless Internet A Scenario
Domain1
Internet
Domain2
PSTN gateway
WAN
802.11a/b/g
WAN
UMTS/ CDMA
IPv6 Network

Bluetooth
802.11 a/b/g
LAN
PSTN
Hotspot
LAN
PAN
CH
Roaming User
UMTS/CDMA Network
Ad Hoc Network
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Motivation

• Secured seamless convergence requires that
  jitter, delay and packet loss are limited for
  real-time applications without compromising the
  security
• 150 ms end-to-end delay and 3 packet loss for
  interactive traffic such as VoIP
• Handoff delays exist at several layers
• Layer 2 (handoff between AP), Layer 3 (IP
  address acquisition, configuration) and Media
  Redirection, Authentication
• The challenge is even greater when moving between
  heterogeneous domains
• Access characteristics is different (802.11,
  CDMA)
• QoS requirement is different
• Configuration mechanism of network identifiers
  are different (DHCP vs. PPP)
• Mobility requirement are also different (802.11,
  GPRS)
• IEEE 802.21 proposes a standardized mechanism to
  reduce the handoff-delay and packet loss in a
  heterogeneous access network
• MPA provides a proactive handover scheme across
  heterogeneous access network
• A combination of IEEE 802.21 and MPA can be a
  good candidate to provide secured seamless
  convergence

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Handover Taxonomy Supporting Seamless Convergence
802.11 (provider X) to CDMA (provider Y)
802.11 (provider X) to CDMA (provider X)
Inter-tech Inter-domain
Inter-tech Intra-domain
Inter-subnet
Intra-tech Inter-domain
Intra-tech Intra-domain
802.11b (provider X) to 802.11n (provider X)
802.11b (provider X) to 802.11n (provider Y)
Intra-tech Intra-domain
Intra-subnet
Inter-tech Intra-domain
802.11 (provider X) to CDMA (provider X)
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Effect of handoff delay on audio (Non-Optimized)
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Mobility Optimization - Related Work

• Cellular IP, HAWAII - Micro Mobility
• MIP-Regional Registration, Mobile-IP low latency,
  IDMP
• HMIPv6, FMIPv6 (IPv6)
• Yokota et al - Link Layer Assisted handoff
• Shin et al, Velayos et al - Layer 2 delay
  reduction
• Gwon et al, - Tunneling between FAs, Enhanced
  Forwarding PAR
• SIP-Fast Handoff - Application layer mobility
  optimization
• DHCP Rapid-Commit, Optimized DAD - Faster IP
  address acquisition

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Inter-domain Handoff Delay Analysis (example)
Media Redirection
Application Layer Delay
Binding Update
AAA Profile
Local Authentication
L3 Delay

• Reduce the handoff delay
• Reduce the packet Loss

ARP Update
Duplicate Address Detection
Address Acquisition
L2 Delay
L2 security
Association
L 2 Scanning
Operation
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IEEE 802.21 Overview

• IEEE 802.21 (Media Independent Handover) WG is to
  
• develop a specification that facilitate handover
  optimization
• between heterogeneous media by providing
• Link layer intelligence and
• Network information to upper layers
• WG has been approved in March 2004
• We have started participating actively from
  Nov. 2004

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Goal of IEEE 802.21

• The goal of IEEE 802.21 is to facilitate
  mobility management protocols such that following
  handover requirements are fulfilled
• Service Continuity
• Minimize the data loss and break time without
  user intervention
• Application Class
• Support applications of different tolerance
  characteristics
• QoS
• Specify means of obtaining QoS information of the
  neighboring networks
• Network Discovery and Selection
• Network information could include information
  such as link type, link identifier, link
  availability, link quality
• Selection of appropriate network based on
  required QoS, cost, user preference
• Security
• Specify means of security information to be made
  available to the upper layers
• Power Management
• Real-time link status, efficient scanning provide
  proper battery power management

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Scope of IEEE 802.21

• The current scope includes a Media Independent
  Handover Function (MIHF) consisting of three
  basic services and corresponding SAPs and
  primitives
• Media Independent Event Service (MIES)
• Media Independent Command Service (MICS), and
• Media Independent Information Service (MIIS)
• Support for multiple access technologies (e.g.,
  802.3, 802.11, 802.16, and Cellular (3GPP and
  3GPP2))
• Support for both network and device initiated
  handovers

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MIHF and Its Interactions with Lower and Upper
Layers
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Media-independent Pre-Authentication (MPA)
Overview

• MPA is
• a mobile-assisted higher-layer authentication,
  authorization and handover scheme that is
  performed a-priori to establishing L2
  connectivity to a network where mobile may move
  in near future
• MPA provides a secure and seamless mobility
  optimization that works for
• Inter-subnet handoff
• Inter-domain handoff
• Inter-technology handoff
• Use of multiple interfaces
• MPA works with any mobility management protocol
• MPA drafts are currently being discussed in
  MOBOPTS working group within IRTF

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Functional Components of MPA

• Pre-authentication/authorization
• Used for establishing a security association (SA)
  between the mobile and a network to which the
  mobile may move
• Pre-configuration
• Used for obtaining parameters (e.g., an IP
  address) from the network to which the mobile may
  move
• The SA created in (1) are used to perform secured
  configuration procedure
• Secured Proactive Handover (PH)
• Used for sending/receiving IP packets from the
  current network using the pre-configured
  parameters of the new network

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MPA-assisted Seamless Handoff (a
deploymentscenario)
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Protocol flow for MPA assisted 802.21 handover
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Prototype Demonstration Scenario (Case I, Case II)
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Sample Results Information Service of 802.21
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Comparison - Intra-Technology, Inter-domain
Handover (Case- I)
Audio output comparison

Delay and packet loss statistic
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Comparison - Inter-Technology, Inter-domain
handover (Case II)
Non-optimized inter-technology, inter-domain MIP
as Mobility binding
MPA and 802.21 assisted inter-technology,
inter-domain handoff with SIP and MIP
Non-optimized inter-technology, inter-domain SIP
as Mobility binding
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Conclusion

• IEEE 802.21s Media Independent Handover
  Function (MIHF) will
• provide the necessary knobs to optimize the
  higher layer mobility
• management protocols
• Media independent Pre-authentication framework
  (MPA) provides
• pre-authentication, pre-configuration and
  proactive handover and enhance
• IEEE 802.21 operation
• Combining MIHF with handover policy and control
  can optimize the
• handover and offer a better experience to end
  users
• We demonstrated the proof-of-concept with an
  early version of
• 802.21-based prototype using AIS, Event Service
  and MPA framework
• to support secured seamless convergence across
  heterogeneous networks

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References

• 1 IEEE P802.21/D00.05 Draft IEEE Standard for
  LAN/MAN Media Independent Handover Services
  January, 2006.
• 2 A. Dutta (Ed.) et al., A framework of
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• 3 K. Malki et al, "Low latency Handovers in
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  IPv6", RFC 4068
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• 10 S. Shin et al, "Reducing MAC Layer Handover
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  MOBIWAC
• 11 P. Kim et al., "Rapid Commit Option for
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• 16 H. Schulzrinne and E. Wedlund, Application
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• 17 D. Johnson et al, Mobility Support for IPv6,
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• 18 C. Perkins et al, IP Mobilty Support for
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