ShemotNames Commonly called Exodus Torah Portion Bo Go Chapter 10:1 13:16

1
Shemot/Names Commonly called ExodusTorah
Portion BoGoChapter 101 1316
Wayne Ingalls
http//www.BeitTefillah.org
2
The Traditional Blessing Before Reading the Torah
Portion
Baruch atah Adonay Eloheynu melech ha'olam,
asher bachar banu mikol-ha'amim, venatan lanu
et-torato Blessed are You Adonai our Elohim,
King of the Universe, who has chosen us from all
peoples and has given us His Torah.
Baruch atah Adonay, notein hatorah Blessed are
You - Adonai, Giver of the Torah.
3

• Shemot/Exodus 101

Vayyomer YHWH el-Mosheh bo el-Paroh ki-aniy
hikhbadetiy et-libbo veet-lev avadayn lemaan
shitiyi ototay eileh baqirbo And ????  said to
Mosheh, Go in to Pharaoh, for I have hardened
his heart and the hearts of his servants, so that
I show these signs of Mine before him,
4
Read the Torah Portion

• Kohen Shemot 101-11
• Levite Shemot 1012-23
• 3rd Aliyah Shemot 1024 113
• 4th Aliyah Bereshiyt 114 1220
• 5th Aliyah Shemot 1221-28
• 6th Aliyah Shemot 1229-51
• 7th Aliyah Shemot 131-16

5
The Traditional Blessing After Reading the Torah
Portion
Baruch atah Adonay, Eloheynu melech ha'olam,
asher natan lanu torat emet, vechayey olam nata
betochenu. Blessed are You Adonai our Elohim,
King of the universe, who has given us the Torah
of truth, and has planted everlasting life in our
midst.
Baruch atah Adonay, notein hatorah Blessed are
You - Adonai, Giver of the Torah.
6
Commandment 120 Shemot 122 Torah of Rosh Chodesh
(New Moon)Commandment 404 Shemot 123-6 Torah of
the Slaughter of the Pesach (Passover)-offering
Commandment 408 Shemot 128 Torah of Eating the
Pesach-offering Commandment 410 Shemot 129 Do
not eat the flesh of the Pesach-offering boiled
or raw
Mitzvot in the Torah Portion
7
Commandment 417 Shemot 1210 Do not allow meat of
Pesach-offering to remain till morningCommandment
109 Shemot 1215 Remove all chametz (leaven) on
the Eve of Chag HaMatzah (Feast of Unleavened)
Commandment 96 Shemot 1216 Hold a set-apart
convocation on the first day of Chag Ha'Matzah
Commandment 98 Shemot 1216 Rest on the seventh
day of Chag Ha'Matzah
Mitzvot in the Torah Portion
8
Commandment 97 Shemot 1216 Do not work on the
first day of Chag Ha'Matzah Commandment 99 Shemot
1216 Do not work on the seventh day of Chag
Ha'Matzah Commandment 114 Shemot 1218 Eat
matzah on the first night of Chag Ha'Matzah
Commandment 113 Shemot 1219 Do not possess
chametz during the 7 days of Chag Ha'Matzah
Mitzvot in the Torah Portion
9
Commandment 111 Shemot 1220 Do not eat any food
containing chametz the 7 days of Chag
Ha'MatzahCommandment 412 Shemot 1243 Do not
allow an apostate Israelite to eat the
Pesach-offering Commandment 413 Shemot 1245 Do
not allow a ger toshav (resident alien) to eat of
the Pesach-offering
Mitzvot in the Torah Portion
10
Commandment 412 Shemot 1243 Do not allow an
apostate Israelite to eat the Pesach-offering
Exodus 1243 (JPS99) The LORD said to Moses
and Aaron This is the law of the passover
offering No foreigner shall eat of it.ben
nekar Son of a foreigner
Is This What the Torah Says?
11
Commandment 412 Shemot 1243 Do not allow an
apostate Israelite to eat the Pesach-offering
Earlier, in the morning of the 14th of Nisan,
God said to Moses and Aaron, "This is an
additional part of the law of the Passover
sacrifice No person who, by his acts, has made
himself a stranger to God may eat of it. This
includes a non-Jew who has not converted to
Judaism and an apostate Jew. (Chabad Chumash,
Shemot 1243)
Is This What the Torah Says?
12
Commandment 413 Shemot 1245 Do not allow a ger
toshav (resident alien) to eat of the
Pesach-offering Exodus 1245a "A toshav shall
not eat of it. Exodus 1245a "But if a ger
sojourns with you, and celebrates the Passover to
YHWH let all his males be circumcised, and then
let him come near to celebrate it and he shall
be like a native of the land. But no
uncircumcised person may eat of it.
Is This What the Torah Says?
13

• Abraham A Ger and a Toshav

Genesis 234 (NASB) "I am a stranger (ger) and a
sojourner (toshav) among you give me a burial
site among you that I may bury my dead out of my
sight." Rashi comments I am a stranger from
another land, and I have settled among you.
This is the first appearance of toshav, and the
second of ger. The first was in Bereshiyt 1513
14

• Abraham A Ger and a Toshav

Bereshiyt/Genesis 1513 (ISR) And He said to
Ab_ram, Know for certain that your seed (zera)
are to be sojourners (ger, singular) in a land
that is not theirs, and shall serve them, and
they shall afflict them four hundred
years. Abraham described himself as a ger and
a toshav to the Hittites.
15
Israel is a People of Geriym and Toshaviym

• Vayiqra/Leviticus 2523 (NASB) 'The land,
  moreover, shall not be sold permanently, for the
  land is Mine for you are but aliens (geriym) and
  sojourners (toshaviym) with Me.

• Comments/Questions
• Israel even in the Land of Israel are geriym and
  toshaviym according to the Scripture.

16
Israel is a People of Geriym and Toshaviym

• 1 Peter 11 (Peshitta) Petros, a sent-one
  (shelicha, Heb shliach) of Yeshua Messiah, to
  the chosen-ones and sojourners (tautava, Heb
  toshav) who are scattered in Pontos and in
  Galatia, and in Kapadukia, and in Asia, and in
  Bithunia

• Comments/Questions
• Still Sojourning.

17
Israel is a People of Geriym and Toshaviym

• Galatians 329 (Peshitta) And if you are of
  Messiah, then you are the seed (zara) of Abraham
  and heirs in the promise.

• Comments/Questions
• Abrahams zera will be geriym and toshaviymNo
  matter where they are
• and yet neither aliens nor sojourners..

18
No Longer Aliens, Strangers, Sojourners

• Ephesians 212 (Peshitta) And you were, at that
  time, without the Messiah and were aliens
  (nokraya, Hebrew nekar) from the regulations of
  Israel and strangers (aksenaya) to the
  covenants of the promise and were without hope,
  and without Eloha in the world.
•  

19
No Longer Aliens, Strangers, Sojourners

• .
•  
• Ephesians 219 (Peshitta) Therefore, on you are
  neither strangers (aksenaya), nor sojourners
  (tautava), but sons of the set apart city and
  sons of the house of Eloha.

20
No Longer Aliens, Strangers, Sojourners

• What is an aksenaya? Stranger, foreigner,
  visitor.
• What is a tautava? Tautava is the direct Aramaic
  cognate for the Hebrew word toshav (The Hebrew
  letter Shin sometimes becomes an Aramaic Taw). 

21
No Longer Aliens, Strangers, Sojourners

• Toshav/Tautava is also used interchangably with
  ger, and this is how Stephen uses it in Acts 7
  when he quotes from Bereshiyt 153
•  
• Bereshiyt/Genesis 15 13 (ISR) your seed are to
  be sojourners (gerim) in a land that is not
  theirs
•  
• Acts 76  (Peshitta) And Eloha conversed with
  him, and said to him Your seed will be a
  sojourner (tautava) in a foreign land and they
  will reduce it to servitude, and will treat it
  ill, during four hundred years. 

22
No Longer Aliens, Strangers, Sojourners

• Ephesians 219 (Peshitta) Therefore, on you are
  neither strangers (aksenaya, Hebrew Ger), nor
  sojourners (tautava, Hebrew toshav), but sons
  of the set apart city citizens and sons of the
  house of Eloha.
• Comment If you are a believer in the Messiah
  Yeshua, you can eat the Passover. This does not
  change the commandment, but it does change the
  status of the believer.

23
Commandment 411 Shemot 1246 Do not remove the
Pesach-offering from where it is
eatenCommandment 415 Shemot 1246 Do not break
any bones of the Pesach-offering Commandment 257
Shemot 1248 An uncircumcised Kohen (Priest)
shall not eat the Terumah (Elevation Offering)
Mitzvot in the Torah Portion
24
Commandment 414 Shemot 1248 An uncircumcised
person may not eat the Pesach-offeringCommandment
426 Shemot 131-2 Torah of Sanctification of the
First BornCommandment 110 Shemot 133 Do not eat
chametz the 7 days of Chag Ha'Matzah
Mitzvot in the Torah Portion
25
Commandment 112 Shemot 137 Chametz shall not
be in our homes during the 7 days of Chag
Ha'Matzah Commandment 115 Shemot 138 Tell the
story of the Exodus from Egypt on the first night
of Chag Ha'Matzah Commandment 277 Shemot 1313
Redeem the first born of a donkeyCommandment 278
Shemot 1313 Break the neck of the first born of
a donkey if it is not redeemed
Mitzvot in the Torah Portion
26
So You Can Tell Your Grandchildren

• Shemot 101-2 (Scriptures) And ????  said to
  Mosheh, Go in to Pharaoh, for I have hardened
  (kavad) his heart and the hearts of his servants,
  so that I show these signs of Mine before him, 2
  and that you relate in the hearing of your son
  and your sons son what I have done in Mitsrayim,
  and My signs which I have done among them. And
  you shall know that I am ????.

27
How Long Will You Refuse?

• Shemot 103 (Artscroll) Moses and Aaron came to
  Pharaoh and said to him, So said HASHEM, God of
  the Hebrews Until when will you refuse to be
  humbled before Me? Send out My people that they
  may serve Me.

Comment This is not the first time that Pharaoh
has been warned, and told to send Israel out of
Egypt.
28
The Hardening of Pharaohs Heart
29
The Hardening of Pharaohs Heart
Shemot 10 1 (Scriptures) And ????  said to
Mosheh, Go in to Pharaoh, for I have hardened
his heart and the hearts of his servants, so that
I show these signs of Mine before him
Shemot 4 21 (Scriptures) And ????  said to
Mosheh, As you go back to Mitsrayim, see that
you do all those wonders before Pharaoh which I
have put in your hand. But I am going to harden
his heart, so that he does not let the people go.
Shemot 7 3 (Scriptures) But I am going to
harden the heart of Pharaoh, and shall increase
My signs and My wonders in the land of
Mitsrayim.
30
YHWH is Going to Harden the Heart

• Shemot 73-5 (Scriptures) But I am going to
  harden (qashah) the heart of Pharaoh, and shall
  increase My signs and My wonders in the land of
  Mitsrayim. 4 And Pharaoh is not going to listen
  to you, and I shall lay My hand on Mitsrayim, and
  bring My divisions and My people, the children of
  Yisrael, out of the land of Mitsrayim by great
  judgments. 5 And the Mitsrites shall know that I
  am ????, when I stretch out My hand on Mitsrayim.
  And I shall bring the children of Yisrael out
  from among them.

31
Pharaoh Hardened His Heart (again)

• Shemot 829-32 (Scriptures) And Mosheh said,
  See, when I leave you I shall pray to ????, and
  tomorrow the swarms of flies shall depart from
  Pharaoh, from his servants, and from his people.
  But do not let Pharaoh again deceive, not to let
  the people go to slaughter to ????. 30 And
  Mosheh went out from Pharaoh and prayed to ????.
  31 And ????  did according to the word of Mosheh
  and removed the swarms of flies from Pharaoh,
  from his servants, and from his people. Not one
  remained. 32 But Pharaoh hardened (kavad) his
  heart at this time too, and did not let the
  people go.

32
They Hardened Their Hearts

• 1 Samuel 66 (NASB) "Why then do you harden your
  hearts as the Egyptians and Pharaoh hardened
  (kavad) their hearts? When He had severely dealt
  with them, did they not allow the people to go,
  and they departed?

33
The Hardening of Pharaohs Heart
be heavy, weighty, burden-some, honoured
be or grow firm, strong, strengthen
be hard, severe, fierce, make difficult
34
The Hardening of Pharaohs Heart
Yeshayahu 6 10 (Scriptures) Make the heart of
this people fat, and their ears heavy, and shut
their eyes lest they see with their eyes, and
hear with their ears, and understand with their
heart, and shall turn (teshuvah) and be healed.
Comment Israel is in parallel with Pharaoh
here.
kavad
35
The Hardening of Pharaohs Heart
Joshua 16 (NASB) "Be strong and courageous,
for you shall give this people possession of the
land which I swore to their fathers to give them.
Chazaq chazaq vnit-chazeq Strength, Strength,
and let us be strengthened! (traditionally said
when a book of the Torah is completed)
36
The Hardening of Pharaohs Heart
Devarim 10 16 (NASB) "So circumcise your heart,
and stiffen your neck no longer.
37
The Hardening of Pharaohs Heart
Pharaoh was set in his ways YHWH honored that
Pharaoh knew he was right YHWH strengthened
his self-assessment Pharaoh made up his
mind YHWH stiffened Pharaohs resolve
38
The Hardening of Pharaohs Heart
Why? So that Yisrael would know He is
YHWH. And so that at the Appointed Time Pharaoh
would Let My people go!
39
Judging the elohim of Mitzrayim
40
Judging the elohim of Mitzrayim
41
The Plagues

• Blood
• Frogs
• Swarms of Gnats/Fleas/Lice
• Swarms of Insects/Flies
• Livestock
• Boils
• Hail
• Locusts
• Darkness
• Death of the Firstborn

42
Revelation 9

• Rev 9 1 (ISR) And the fifth messenger sounded,
  and I saw a star from the heaven which had fallen
  to the earth. And the key to the pit of the deep
  was given to it. 2 And he opened the pit of the
  deep, and smoke went up out of the pit like the
  smoke of a great furnace. And the sun was
  darkened, also the air, because of the smoke of
  the pit. 3 And out of the smoke locusts came upon
  the earth, and authority was given to them as the
  scorpions of the earth possess authority.

43
How Will Israel Leave Egypt?
44
Shemot 11 1 How Will Yisrael Leave Mitsrayim?

• Shemot 11 1 (ISR) And YHWH said to Mosheh, I am
  bringing yet one more plague on Pharaoh and on
  Mitsrayim. After that he is going to let you go
  from here. When he lets you go he shall drive you
  out from here altogether.

Qal/Paal Simple or light Niphal passive Piel
intensification Pual, a passive piel Hiphil,
which is causative or declarative Hophal,
passive, usually of hiphil but occasionally of
qal Hitpael, which is reflexive of piel.
45
Shemot 11 1 How Will Yisrael Leave Mitsrayim?

• Shemot 11 1 (ISR) And YHWH said to Mosheh, I am
  bringing yet one more plague on Pharaoh and on
  Mitsrayim. After that he is going to let you go
  (yishallach) from here. When he lets you go
  (keshallcho), he shall drive you out from here
  altogether (kalah garesh yegaresh).

Yishallach piel (intensification) imperfect 3rd
person masculine singular
shalach Verb To Send
46
Shemot 11 1 How Will Yisrael Leave Mitsrayim?

• Shemot 11 1 (ISR) And YHWH said to Mosheh, I am
  bringing yet one more plague on Pharaoh and on
  Mitsrayim. After that he is going to let you go
  (yishallach) from here. When he lets you go
  (keshallcho), he shall drive you out from here
  altogether (kalah garesh yegaresh).

keshallcho (ki) particle preposition piel
infinitive construct, suffix 3rd person
masculine singular
shalach Verb To Send
47
Shemot 11 1 How Will Yisrael Leave Mitsrayim?

• Shemot 11 1 And YHWH said to Mosheh, I am
  bringing yet one more plague on Pharaoh and on
  Mitsrayim. After that he is going to let you go
  (yishallach) from here. When he lets you go
  (keshallcho), he shall drive you out from here
  altogether (kalah garesh yegarash).

kalah Adverb Complete, completion, altogether
48
Shemot 11 1 How Will Yisrael Leave Mitsrayim?

• Shemot 11 1 And YHWH said to Mosheh, I am
  bringing yet one more plague on Pharaoh and on
  Mitsrayim. After that he is going to let you go
  (yishallach) from here. When he lets you go
  (keshallcho), he shall drive you out from here
  altogether (kalah garesh yegaresh).

garesh yegaresh intensified by repetition both
in piel forms
garash Verb To drive out
49
Shemot 11 1 How Will Yisrael Leave Mitsrayim?

• Shemot 11 1 (Artscroll) HASHEM said to Moses,
  One more plague shall I bring upon Pharaoh and
  upon Egypt after that he is shall send you forth
  from here. When he sends forth, it shall be
  complete he shall drive you out of here.

• How Will Yisrael Leave Egypt?
• They will not simply be allowed to leave they
  will be forcibly sent out.
• They will be completely driven out of the land
  of Egypt

50
Shemot 11verses 2-3

• Shemot 11 2 Speak now in the hearing of the
  people, and let every man ask from his neighbour
  and every woman from her neighbour, objects of
  silver and objects of gold. 3 And YHWH gave the
  people favour in the eyes of the Mitsrites. And
  the man Mosheh was very great in the land of
  Mitsrayim, in the eyes of Pharaohs servants and
  in the eyes of the people.

51
Who are the People?HaAm The People (Hebrew)
Aniyunwiya The Principal People (Cherokee)
(also tsalaki, real people)
Noochew the People (Utes)
Tsistsistas The beautiful people (Cheyenne)
Chahta The People (Choctaw)
Nermernuh the People (Comanche).
Khota the People (Sioux)
52
Shemot 11verses 2-3

• Shemot 11 2 Speak now in the hearing of the
  people, and let every man ask from his neighbour
  and every woman from her neighbour, objects of
  silver and objects of gold. 3 And YHWH gave the
  people favour in the eyes of the Mitsrites. And
  the man Mosheh was very great in the land of
  Mitsrayim, in the eyes of Pharaohs servants and
  in the eyes of the people.

53
A (Brief) Look atTargum Onkelosfor this section
In the synagogues of Talmudic times, Targum
Onkelos was read alternately with the Torah,
verse by verse, and Targum Jonathan was read
alternately with the selection from Nevi'im (i.e.
the Haftarah).
54
Targum Onkelos(Etheridge Translation)
But the Lord said to Mosheh, Yet one plague will
I bring upon Pharaoh and upon Mitzraim after
which he will send you hence. When sending away
he thoroughly driving will drive you from hence.
55
Shemot 114
Hebrew Tanakh About midnight I am going out
into the midst of Mitsrayim,.   Aramaic Targum
Onkelos At the dividing of the night I will be
revealed (mitgiley) in the midst of Mitzraim, 
Names for the Book of Revelation in Aramaic and
Hebrew, respectively
Gilyana Hitgalut
56

• Shemot/Exodus 12

Exodus 122 (NASB) "This month shall be the
beginning of months for you it is to be the
first month of the year to you.
The Jubilee year, however, begins in the 7th
month (Leviticus/Vayiqra 25)
57

• Shemot/Exodus 12

THE BIBLICAL CALENDAR There are two primary
calendars in the Bible. The first is called the
civil calendar and is used from Genesis
(Bereishit) 11 to Exodus (Shemot) 12. The first
month in the civil calendar is Tishrei. Rosh
HaShanahthe first day in the civil calendar, is
the beginning of the new year. The second
calendar in the Bible is the religious calendar.
The religious calendar is used from Exodus
(Shemot) 12 to Revelation 22. Eddie Chumney,
Seven Festivals of the Messiah
58

• Shemot/Exodus 12

THE BIBLICAL CALENDAR Prior to G-d's establishing
the month of Nisan as the first month in the
religious calendar, it was the seventh month in
the civil calendar. G-d gave the religious
calendar so we could understand that these
feasts, which He gave and which are His appointed
times and foreshadow important events in the
redemption, would happen on the days He ordained
on the religious calendar. These important days
on the religious calendar are the same days that
He gave as festivals in Leviticus (Vayikra) 23.
Eddie Chumney, Seven Festivals of the Messiah
59
The Plagues

• Blood
• Frogs
• Swarms of Gnats/Fleas/Lice
• Swarms of Insects/Flies
• Livestock
• Boils
• Hail
• Locusts
• Darkness
• Death of the Firstborn

60
The Tenth Plague

• Shemot 1229 (Targum Jonathan) And it was in the
  dividing of the night of the fifteenth that the
  Word of slew all the firstborn in the land
  of Mitzraim, from the firstborn son of Pharaoh,
  who would have sat upon the throne of his
  kingdom, to the firstborn sons of the kings who
  were captives in the dungeon as hostages under
  Pharaoh's hand and who, for having rejoiced at
  the servitude of Israel, were punished as (the
  Mitzraee) and all the firstborn of the cattle
  that did the work of the Mitzraee died also.

61
Judging the elohim of Mitzrayim
62
When I, Wayne, Left Egypt

• Shemot 137-8 (CJB) 7 Matzah is to be eaten
  throughout the seven days neither hametz nor
  leavening agents are to be seen with you
  throughout your territory. 8 On that day you are
  to tell your son, 'It is because of what ADONAI
  did for me when I left Egypt.'

63
A Sign For You

• Shemot 139 (CJB) "Moreover, it will serve you as
  a sign on your hand and as a reminder between
  your eyes, so that ADONAI's Torah may be on your
  lips because with a strong hand ADONAI brought
  you out of Egypt.
• Question In what way will the Exodus be a sign
  in the manner described above?

64
A Sign For You

• Chabad Chumash The Exodus shall then be a sign
  for you when you wear the single-compartment
  tefilin on your left arm, and a reminder when you
  wear the multiple-compartment tefilin on your
  forehead above the point exactly between your
  eyes, so that the Torah of God will be on your
  lips, for with a mighty hand God brought you out
  of Egypt.

65
A Sign For You

• Revelation 141 (CJB) Then I looked, and there
  was the Lamb standing on Mount Tziyon and with
  him were 144,000 who had his name and his
  Father's name written on their foreheads.

66
Parshah BoHaftorah Jeremiah 4613-28Suggested
Apostolic readingRevelation 86 912 161-21
Wayne Ingalls
http//www.BeitTefillah.org
67
The Traditional Blessing Before the Haftorah
Baruch atah Adonay Eloheynu melech ha'olam,
asher bachar binviyiym tovim veratzah
vedivreyhem hagaemariym beemet Blessed are You
Adonai our Elohim, King of the Universe, who
has chosen good prophets and was pleased with
their words that they spoke in truth.
Baruch atah Adonay, habocher batorah uvMosheh
avdo uvYisrael amo uvineviyey haemet
vatzedeq. Blessed are You - Adonai, who chose
Torah, and Moshe His servant, and Yisrael His
people, and prophets of the truth and
righteousness.
68

• Read

Haftorah
69
The Blessing Before the Brit Chadashah is Read
Baruch atah Adonay Eloheynu melech ha'olam,
asher natan lanu et Yeshua binkha kimeshicheynu
golaenu moshienu kapporatenu vadonen, vet
sifrei Brit Chadashah lemanu ulekhal haamin.
Blessed are You Adonai our Elohim, King of
the Universe, who has given us your son as our
Messiah, our redeemer, our saviour, our
atonement, and our Master, and the books of the
Renewed Covenant to our people and to all the
peoples.
Baruch atah Adonay noten yeshuah bYeshua
HaMashiach. Blessed are You - Adonai, giver of
salvation in Yeshua the Messiah.
70

• Read

Apostolic Scriptures
71
The Blessing After the Brit Chadashah is Read
Baruch atah Adonay Eloheynu melech ha'olam,
asher natan et devarkha haTanakh vBrit Chadasha
lekhol bney-adam. Barukh atah Adonai mevi et
hagoel Yeshua lmaan shemo bahavah. Blessed
are You Adonai our Elohim, King of the
Universe, who has given your Word, the Tanakh,
and the Renewed Covenant to all the children of
Adam. Blessed are you, Adonai, who for His own
Names sake, in love, has brought Yeshua the
Redeemer.
72
The Aharonic Blessing
"Speak to Aharon and his sons, and tell them that
this is how you are to bless the people of
Isra'el you are to say to them, Y'varekh'kha
ADONAI v'yishmerekha. Ya'er ADONAI panav
eleikha vichunekka. Yissa ADONAI panav eleikha
v'yasem l'kha shalom. May ADONAI bless you and
keep you. May ADONAI make his face shine on you
and show you his favor. May ADONAI lift up his
face toward you and give you peace. "In this
way they are to put my Name on the people of
Isra'el, so that I will bless them."
(Hebrew ????)
73

• Backup
• Slides

74
Exactly as You DoSo He Must Do
- The Community Rule - Torah achat,
umishpat echad
75
He Must Do Exactly As You Do
Help Christians make a connection to Torah by
showing these verses to them using their own
translations
Numbers 1514 (NIV) For the generations to come,
whenever an alien or anyone else living among you
presents an offering made by fire as an aroma
pleasing to the LORD, he must do exactly as you
do. Ephesians 51-2 (NASB) Therefore be
imitators of God, as beloved children 2 and
walk in love, just as Christ also loved you and
gave Himself up for us, an offering and a
sacrifice to God as a fragrant aroma.
Was Paul using imagery from the Torah here? What
connection, if any, would Paul expect his readers
to make?
76
Exactly as You DoSo He Must Do
- The Community Rule - Torah achat,
umishpat echad
77
The Community Rule

• Numbers 1515 (NIV) The community is to have the
  same rules for you and for the alien living among
  you this is a lasting ordinance for the
  generations to come. You and the alien shall be
  the same before the LORD
• tx²a hQ"ïxu lh'Q'h
• HaQahal chuqah achat.

Many possible translations for chuqah, including
statute, ordinance, fixed order. Root (along
with choq) for choqmah, wisdom. (Note that the
word as used here is singular, not plural).
Achat is a feminine singular form of echad.
78
The Community Rule

• Note that this is not the same Hebrew words used
  to describe the Qumran communitys work, The
  Community Rule, Serekh HaYachad, aka the Manual
  of Discipline.
• However, the word Yachad, does indicate more than
  just a unified one (echad) but absolute one. The
  one rule for their community, so that their
  community might be one.

79
Exactly as You DoSo He Must Do
- The Community Rule - Torah achat,
umishpat echad
80
Torah achat, umishpat echad
Bamidbar/Numbers 15 16 (RSTNE3) One Torah and
one ordinance shall be for you, and for the ger
that sojourns with you. Bamidbar/Numbers 15 16
(ISR) One Torah and one right-ruling is for
you and for the stranger who sojourns with you.
Bamidbar/Numbers 15 16 (JPCT) There shall be
one law and one ordinance for you and the
proselyte who resides with you.

• k,(T.ai rG"ïh rGEßlw k,_l' hyjP'îv.miW tx²a hr"îAT

Many possible translations of mishpat, including
justice, ordinance, judgment, right-ruling,
manner, statute. ordinance, fixed order.
Sojourner, Or Stranger, Or Convert To A Form Of
Judaism
81
Torah achat, umishpat echad
Bamidbar/Numbers 15 16 (RSTNE3) One Torah and
one ordinance shall be for you, and for the ger
that sojourns with you. What is a ger?
RSTNE Definition Sojourner, Or Stranger, Or
Convert To A Form Of Judaism
The words Hebrew words ger and nokri are
related, as in Shemot/Exodus 183 and her two
sons, of whom one was named Gershom, for he
(Moshe) said, "I have been a sojourner (ger) in a
foreign (nokri) land." Devarim/Deuteronomy 14
21a Do not eat whatever dies of itself. Give it
to the stranger (ger) who is within your gates,
to eat it, or sell it to a foreigner
(nokri). Strongs H1616
Strongs H5237
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Torah achat, umishpat echad
What is a nokri?
RSTNE Definition Foreign, Or Strange, As In
Foreign Vine
The Aramaic cognate is nokraya. Ephesians 212
(Peshitta) And you were, at that time, without
the Messiah and were aliens (nokraya) from the
regulations (dubara) of Israel and strangers
(aksenaya) to the covenants of the promise and
were without hope, and without Eloha in the
world. Ephesians 219 (Peshitta) So, not being
strangers (aksenaya), nor sojourners (tautaba),
but sons of the set apart city and sons of the
house of Eloha.
Words above are in their lemma, or citation form
83
Torah achat, umishpat echad
What is an aksenaya?
Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Entry 1
Palm,Palestinian,CPA,Syr as noun stranger,
foreigner, visitor 2 Syr strange, foreign 3 Syr
strange, wondrous 4 JLAGal (fem.) as noun
foreign country
However, in the Aramaic Targum Psalms it is used
to translate ivver (blind) in Psalm 146
8 Psalm 1468-9 YHWH opens the eyes of the
aksenaya.9 YHWH protects the gerim/giyora. He
supports the fatherless and the widow, But He
thwarts the way of the wicked.
Bringing us back to ger
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Torah achat, umishpat echad
What is a tautaba? There are direct Aramaic
cognates for the Hebrew word ger, but in Acts,
Stephen connects the Aramaic tautaba to the
Hebrew ger Bereshiyt/Genesis 15 13 (ISR) And
He said to Abram, Know for certain that your
seed are to be sojourners (gerim) in a land that
is not theirs, and shall serve them, and they
shall afflict them four hundred years. Acts 76
(Peshitta) And Eloha conversed with him, and said
to him Your seed will be a sojourner (tautaba)
in a foreign land and they will reduce it to
servitude, and will treat it ill, during four
hundred years. Acts 729 (Peshitta) And Moses
fled at that speech, and became a sojourner
(tautaba) in the land of Midian. And he had two
sons. (Remember Moshe said "I have
been a sojourner (ger) in a foreign land).
85
Stranger things have happenedSome words
translated as Stranger in the Aramaic Peshitta
gospels
Mattityahu/Mattai/Matthew 2535 For I was hungry,
and you gave me food I was thirsty, and you gave
me drink I was a stranger (geyr), and you took
me home 38 And when did we see you a stranger
(aksenaya), and took you home? or naked, and
clothed you? 43 and I was a stranger (aksenaya),
and you did not take me home and I was naked,
and you did not clothe me and I was sick and in
prison, and you did not visit me. 44 Then they
will also answer and say Maran, when did we see
you hungry, or thirsty, or a stranger (aksenaya),
or naked, or sick, or in prison, and did not
minister to you? Luqa/Luke 2418 And one of them,
whose name was Cleopas, answered and said to him
Are you only a stranger (nokraya) in Jerusalem,
that you do not know the things that have
occurred there in these days? Yochanon/John 105
But after a stranger (nokraya) the flock will not
follow, but it flees from him because it knows
not the voice of a stranger (nokraya).
Note the parallel usage
86
Putting it Together
There are some different nuances, but the Messiah
and the Brit Chadashah writers essentially geyr,
aksenaya, nokraya, and tautaba interchangeably. W
e have seen how each of these Aramaic words have
been used as the Aramaic equivalent of the Hebrew
word ger. Thus, this passage indicates that
believers in the Messiah are no longer considered
ger no matter what their DNA might
indicate Ephesians 219 (Peshitta) So, not
being strangers (aksenaya), nor sojourners
(tautaba), but sons of the set apart city and
sons of the house of Eloha.
87
The Terumah Offering
88
The Terumah Offering

• Bemidbar/Numbers 15 17-21 (RSTNE) 17 And vuvh
  spoke to Moshe, saying, 18 Speak to the children
  of Yisrael, and say to them, When you come into
  the land where I bring you, 19 Then it shall be,
  that, when you eat of the lechem of the land, you
  shall offer up a terumah offering to vuvh. 20
  You shall offer up a cake from the first of your
  dough for a terumah offering as you do the
  terumah offering of the threshing floor, so shall
  you present it. 21 From the first of your dough
  you shall give to vuvh a terumah offering in your
  generations.

Terumah, from the Hebrew word rum to lift up, to
arise, to be high (above)
89
The Terumah Offering

• The Terumah offering takes a portion of the bread
  to sanctify the entire amount of bread.
• A lamb, bull or ox cannot sanctify the bread. It
  must be bread that makes the rest of the bread
  set-apart.
• I believe Paul is referencing the Terumah
  offering when he says
• Romans 11 16 (ISR) Now if the first-fruit is
  set-apart, the
• lump is also. And if the root is set-apart, so
  are the branches.

90
The Terumah Offering

• Anti-Missionaries often argue that there is no
  concept of substitutionary offering in Judaism.
• However, the entire concept of first-fruits,
  first-born priesthood, and the Terumah offering
  refutes that.