6th Annual Meeting of the Washington Group Kampala, Uganda, october 10 13 2006

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6th Annual Meeting of the Washington Group
Kampala, Uganda, october 10 - 13 2006

• Experience of the Cognitive Test

PARAGUAY
Question on Self-care
Oscar Barrios Dirección de Estadísticas Sociales
y Demográficas General Direction of Statistical,
Surveys and Censuses (DGEEC)
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Working group

• The field team was conformed by
• 1 general supervisor of the operative
• 8 interviewers
• Criteria of selection
• Professional technical staff of the Department of
  Censuses, General Direction of Statistical,
  Surveys and Censuses (DGEEC)
• University level, with specialization in the area
  of demography and wide experience in the data
  collection
• Age groups from 25 to 45 years
• To speak the two official languages (Spanish and
  Guaraní).

DGEEC General Direction of Statistical, Surveys
and Censuses
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Sample selection

• Residents of the metropolitan area in Asunción
• People who are 16 years old and more
• Incidence of the disability in the domains
  specified in the Protocol of the Washington Group
  according to the data of the last National Census
  of Population and Housings 2002.
• Permanent collaboration from different
  institutions that work with the topic disability
  and from voluntary people. The disability lists
  were obtained from Government and not
  governmental Institutions.

DGEEC General Direction of Statistical, Surveys
and Censuses
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Interviewed

• 111 interviewed people 81 with disability, 30
  without disability
• 90 interviews and with informants
• 13 interviews without informants
• 8 interviews with informants alone

Table 1 Interviews according to sex and type
of disability
DGEEC General Direction of Statistical, Surveys
and Censuses
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Some Results

• Table 2 Answer to the patterns according to
  age groups
• Young people tend to respond in a more direct
  form to the questions. Prevalence exists of young
  in the patterns A and E.
• Adult people tend to respond in contradictory
  form to the questions and they prevail in the
  patterns B, C, F and G

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Some Results

• Table 3 Answer to the patterns
  according to sex
• Most of the males have responded in consequent
  form to the questions, that is to say masculine
  hegemony exists in the patterns A and E, on the
  other hand, the women present some inconveniences
  because they prevail in the patterns B, C, F and
  G.
• In the patterns D and H significant differences
  are not observed by sex

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Some Results

• Table 4 Answer to the patterns according to
  years of approved study
• People with no studies are in the patterns D and
  H
• Is not observed significant difference according
  to years of study for the remaining groups the
  patterns

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Patterns A, E Without problems

• Because I don't have any difficulty for my
  personal care
• Because I always take care of my body, because I
  can take a bath without problems
• Because I can make it without problems thanks
  God I don't have any impediment
• Thanks God, I don't have problems in taking a
  bath, neither to get dressed, even in sewing my
  clothes I don't have problems
• I take care alone I don't need anybody to help
  me
• Because he is like a child, he doesn't take a
  bath alone
• He sometimes loses the equilibrium
• Because It's difficult for me to take a bath, to
  wash with a single hand

DGEEC General Direction of Statistical, Surveys
and Censuses
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Patterns B, C F, G Some problems
Patterns B,C Because I don't have difficulty I
can manage myself I make everything with my
left Because I am a healthy person and I can
make it alone I feel well I make everything
normally My house is appropriate for me,
so I don't have any problem He/She takes a
bath too well, he/she does it little bit
slowly Patterns F,G Because I cannot make it
alone Because of a physical problem
Because I only have problems to fasten long
sleeves shirts, I get tied up the shoelaces,
wash, wear, tie my tie I don't take a bath
well, I don't brush well my teeth
DGEEC General Direction of Statistical, Surveys
and Censuses
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Patterns H serious Problems

• Because I can't take a bath by my self. My
  mother washes me and I get dressed by my self.
• Without problem I take a bath, I take a bath
  alone, nobody helps me in anything

Cases corresponding to the patterns D were not
presented
DGEEC General Direction of Statistical, Surveys
and Censuses
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Experience

• Why did you respond in that way?
• The answer to Open questions were transversal to
  all the domains
• Little detail in the answers, obvious and very
  concise answers
• because its like that because it is the
  true
• because he was born this way because I don't
  have problems.
• The difficulty for the self-care is bound to the
  architectural barriers and not to the person's
  disability.
• My house is appropriate for me, so I don't have
  any problem.
• I have a lot of difficulty for the architectural
  barriers, for example, the narrow doors, the
  steps, the handles.
• Because in order to have shower he/she needs the
  bathroom, to be adapted. To get dressed he/she
  gets dressed on bed alone.
• The act of dressing is only associated with the
  clothes and it doesn't include the act of putting
  on shoes.

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Experience

• To be independent from their personal care avoids
  them to perceive their disability appropriately
• I make everything with my left
• Because I don't feel anything, I make what I
  have to make to wash without problems
• I live alone and I manage to manage by my self.
  
• They only take into account the activities
  mentioned as an example in the question
• Because I only have problems to fasten long
  sleeves shirts, I get tied up the shoelaces,
  wash, wear, tie my tie
• Without problem, I have all the movements to
  make those things
• Because It makes me difficult to take a bath by
  myself with a single hand

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Experience

• How worried are you about the ability of taking
  care by yourself?
• The grade of concern for the personal care is
  associated with the concern for the cleaning and
  not with the capacity of taking care by ones
  self
• I make it with desire, nobody forces me, I like
  to clean my self
• I don't take a bath well, I don't brush well my
  teeth
• The people with mental problems, and with extreme
  visual or auditory disability, manifest
  indifference or loss of the capacity of worrying

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Experience

• Do you always feel too tired or sad to get
  dressed or to take a bath?
• The answer is not always absolute, when forcing
  the answer, they respond with certain frequency
  sometimes or a little
• Do you need always somebody to help you with your
  daily activities, as eating, to take a shower, to
  get dressed or to go to the bathroom?
• People with problems of inferior mobility mention
  that they can carry out activities like to eat to
  take a shower, getting dressed except the one of
  going to the bathroom, for the infrastructure
  lack in their home, they should necessarily be
  assisted by another person.

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Final Issues

• The patterns proposed by the WG are adjusted to
  the survey of Paraguay,
• 80 of the cases belongs to the group of those
  Non problematic that is to say, patterns A and E
  
• The patterns B, C, F and G that present Some
  problems, concentrate 17 of the cases
• Only 4 of the cases presents Problems and they
  are adjusted the pattern H
• Suggestions
• To add intermediate categories at the moment to
  the existent ones sometimes, a little, from
  time to time that were frequent answers in our
  case.
• For cultural factors the self care is only
  associated with the personal hygiene
• Do you have difficulty in self care? for example,
  washing or dressing?