Computer Industry

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Computer Industry

• One of the most influential industries to the
  economy.
• Constant state of change
• The market is unlimited
• The main distribution channel of computers is the
  Internet.

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The Future of PC Technology

• Amy Gentile
• Susie Warning
• Besty Buckham
• Kehinde Walker
• Rajnita Gupta

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PCs Encourage

• Software Learning Experiences
• Better Management and Control Opportunities
• Better Network Relationships
• Creativity and Innovation
• Involvement of Engineers

4
Breakthrough Technology

• 1969 - Silicon chip
• 1980s desktops in corporations
• 1990s Powerful Pcs
• 1997 -Popular PCs
• 1998 - Sales grew to 170 billion

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PC Costs

• In 1997 the average cost was 1,600.
• In 1999 the average cost was 950.
• Prices will continue to decrease.

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Forecasts

• Satellites
• Internet
• Super Materials
• Edutainment
• Hybrid Fuel Vehicles
• Personalized Public Transportation
• High Power Energy Packages
• Omnipresent Computing
• Nanotechnology

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What is a Satellite?

• Wireless receiver/transmitter
• Hundreds of satellites currently in use
• Used for
• weather forecasting
• television broadcast
• radio communications
• Internet
• Global Positioning System

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How do Satellites Work?

• Communications subsystem very important
• Significant factors
• special antennas
• receivers
• transmitters
• Radio dishes transmit and receive signals to
  communicate

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Command and Data

• Subsystems that are very important to the
  functions of satellites
• Consist of computers that gather and process data
  on a satellite
• Inputs
• Outputs

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GPS (Global Positioning System)

• Collection of 24 satellites that orbit the Earth
• Identify location
• Each satellite contains a computer, an atomic
  clock, and a radio.
• Clock, continually broadcasts its changing
  position and time
• OnStar systems

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• The Global Positioning System satellites locate a
  vehicle
• Special hand held cellular phone provides a
  communications link
• Most likely become so common that it is a
  standard feature
• Most important is the automatic air bag
  notification

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Other Features

• Convenience/Information Services
• Concierge Services
• Emergency Services
• Remote Door Unlock
• Roadside Assistance
• Route Support
• New Services
• Theft Protection

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The Future of Satellite

• Smart maps and tracking devices
• Safer and easier
• Show travelers, boaters, and hikers their exact
  position and direction
• Prevent crime
• Automatic driving

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The Future of the Internet
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Personal Computing at The Next Level

• Hewlett-Packard Developments
• PC eyeglasses

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The Internet Home

• Homeowners choose
• Home web site
• Automated appliances
• Replacement of PCs

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2010 and Beyond

• New appliances and features
• Food and packaging
• Anti-bacterial concerns
• Environmental concerns

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The most likely way for the world to be
destroyed is by accident. Thats where we come
in were computer professionals. We cause
accidents.-Nathaniel Borenstein

• Engineers, Scientists, and Computer Technologist
  are combining forces to create the greatest
  technical revolution. The invention of smart
  materials will shift the computer industry to new
  heights.

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Smart Materials
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Institute of Physics (IOP), U.K.Definition

• Materials Science
• Sensing and Actuation
• Optics and Electromagnetics
• Structures
• Control

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Materials Science

• Composites
• Ceramics
• Processing Science
• Interface Science
• Conducting and Chiral Polymers
• Electro chromic Materials
• Liquid Crystals
• Biomaterials

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Sensing and Actuation

• Electromagnetic Sensing
• Acoustic Sensing
• Singled-Measured Sensors
• Compatibility of Sensors and Actuators with
  Conventional and Advanced Materials
• Smart Sensors for Materials and Composites
  Processing

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Optics and Electromagnetics

• Optical Fiber Technology
• Active and Adaptive Optical Systems
• Tunable High-Dielectric Phase Shifters
• Tunable Surface Control

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Structures

• Smart Skins (for drag and turbulence control)
• Applications in Aerospace and Hydrospace
  Structures
• Civil Infrastructures
• Transportation Vehicles
• Manufacturing Equipment

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Control

• Structural Acoustic Control
• Analogue and Digital Feedback Control
• Real-Time Implementation
• Adaptive Structure Stability
• Damage for Structural Control
• Information Processing

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Smart Structures

• Bridges, office buildings that will detect stress
  and warn drivers of stress related situations
• Example The bridge will change colors when it
  senses stress.

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Smart Homes

• Homes will be built with sensor computers to with
  a security system and sensors to detect problems
• Smart Materials would allow structures to
  reconstruct in cases of disaster. Rebuilding
  would occur in modules. Each module would take
  five hour maximum to rebuild itself.
• Example - When fires, tornados, floods,
  huricanes, earthquakes occur and cause damage to
  houses, smart homes will rebuild itself.

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Edutainment.

• Educational Games and Computerized Simulations
• Virtual Reality Video and Entertainment
• Virtual Amusement Parks, Petting Zoos, Water
  Parks

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Smart Clothing

• Shoes and clothing that would adapt to the
  weather
• Example- shoes would contain a mini computer that
  prompted various shoe covering to fit the
  weather. ( i.e. rain, snow)

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Hybrid Fueled Vehicles

• Smart Vehicles will be equipped to handle several
  types of fuel
• Gas will be used but it will be reformulated and
  combined with other energy sources to reduce
  emissions and increase performance
• Example- Energy sources for our cars will be
  water, sunlight, air

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The Future of Transportation

• Alternative mobile power
• Public transportation infrastructure
• Elimination of traffic jams and rush hours
• High demand for personal vehicles

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Smart Transportation

• Cars will be able to function in all types of
  situations. Cars will function in the on the
  ground, in the air, and underwater.

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Omnipresent Computing

• Miniaturization of electronics for personal use.
• Interactive, wireless, data centers in a unit
  size of a pocket calculator will serve as a fax,
  telephone and computer
• Even smaller

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Ominipresent computers

• Always with you
• Hands-free
• Always on and working, sensing and acting
• Sensors that include wireless communications,
  GPS, cameras and microphones
• Immediate notification of e-mail

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Omnipresent Computing

• By 2020, these computers embedded in our clothes
• Possibly implanted in our skin

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Nanotechnology

• Its impact on the future of computers.

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What is Nanotechnology?

• It is the manufacturing of things one atom at a
  time with the use of small, programmed
  self-replicating robotic arms, (which are about 3
  to 4 atoms wide) .
• The production of matter would be computerized at
  an atomic level.

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What can nanotechnology do for the future?

• Reversing aging, hence immortality
• Easy and affordable space travel
• Reversing environmental damage
• Reintroduction of extinct organisms
• Faster computers
• And much more

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How do we research nanotechnology?

• It combines the disciplines of
• Computer science
• Chemistry
• Biology
• Physics
• Electronics

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Nanotechnology Research (contd)

• The goal is to be able to manipulate atoms
  individually, placing them where we want, on a
  structure.
• 100 million has been invested in a 10 year
  nanotechnology research project in Japan at MITI.

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Nanotechnology Research (contd)

• Atomic-level precision is predicted to come into
  place by 2015.
• However, it could be many years before we see
  significant impact.

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Nanotechnology and computers

• A primitive computer many years ago was the size
  of a room.
• Overtime, computers have gotten smaller.
• With the use of nanotechnology, computers would
  become very, very small, and billions of times
  faster.

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Labor and nanotechnology

• A lot of the labor market will consist of Systems
  programmers.
• Systems programmers would have to write the
  software for microscopic computers to follow.
• Industrial-manufacturing processes will become
  obsolete.
• Consumer goods will be produced inexpensively,
  but durable.

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Microscopic computers would be able to

• Patrol our bodies as artificial immune systems
• Repair cells
• Manipulate DNA
• --Hence reversing the aging process.

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Nanoecology

• No Waste...No By-Products...No Slag...Nothing to
  Dump, Spew or Pollute
• Servants of Humanity" will be called upon to
  resurface existing roads with a coating of
• high-efficiency solar cells.
• Only a small portion of existing road surface
  would be needed for energy collection.

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How to get involved.

• Rice University in Houston, Texas, has a
  Nanotechnology Task Force.
• There is no specialized degree for
  nanotechnology, but the best place to go is Rice
  University, and apply for one of the science
  programs.

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How we make it happen?

• Currently, there are many government projects.
• But we need more funding to support these
  projects.
• Currently the most expensively funded project in
  the world is the one in Japan, for 100 million,
  (as mentioned earlier).
• Not enough people know about it.

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Nanotechnology web sites

• http//www.nanozine.com
• http//www.zyvex.com/nano/
• http//www.foresight.org/
• http//www.nanoindustries.com
• http//www.nsf.gov/home/crssprgm/nano/start.htm

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For More Information

• http//www.onspec.com
• http//gort.ucsd.edu/newjour/s/
• http//lionhrtpub.com
• http//www.battelle.org/news
• http//members.xoom.com/_XMCM/OZISIK/hpprod.htm