Digital Imaging

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Digital Imaging

• Utah State University Extension
• Eric Hawley

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Agenda

• Digital Camera features, terms, and technologies
• Transferring images from camera to computer
• Developing digital images        
• Understanding resolution and image size (How do
  you get a 5x7 image?)
• Editing, transforming, and processing images
• Understanding and working with different image
  file formats
• How to adjust an image for different applications
  (such as web, e-mail, archival and print)
• Editing blemishes
• Adjusting color balance, contrast, brightness,
  etc.
• Batch tools making similar changes to a large
  group of photos (Using Photoshop and Photoshop
  Elements)

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Things that Dont Go Away

• There are always two people in every picture 
  the photographer and the viewer.  Ansel Adams
• No photographer is as good as the simplest
  camera.  Edward Steichen
• I hate cameras.  They are so much more sure than
  I am about everything.  John Steinbeck
• Buying a Nikon doesn't make you a photographer. 
  It makes you a Nikon owner.  Author Unknown

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Post Photographic Skills

• Getting files off of the camera or scanner
• Archiving
• Choosing and adjusting image file type
• Editing
• Scaling size/resolution for web/e-mail
• Scaling size/resolution for print

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Terms and Concepts

• Pixels
• Image Resolution
• Output or Physical Image Size
• Color Depth
• File Formats

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To the drawing board
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Back from the drawing board

• File Formats

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Web Friendly File Formats

• JPEG images (.jpg, .jpeg, .jpe, .jfif) -
  many compression levels (lossy)
• CompuServe images (.gif)- compression format
  LZW (lossless)
• - special interlaced, non-interlaced
• Portable network graphic images (.png)-
  compression format LZ77

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JPEG/JPG Photographical

• JPEG is designed for compressing either
  full-color or grey-scale digital images of
  "natural", real-world scenes. It does not work so
  well on non-realistic images, such as cartoons or
  line drawings.
• Remember, the 'P' in JPEG stands for
  'Photographic'. It was designed to be used to
  compress photographic image data.
• (Joint Photographic Experts Group)

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GIF Solid colors and lines

• GIF images can contain a maximum of 256 colors (8
  bits) or less (Graphics Interchange Format)
• if you create a GIF image of a red arrow, you
  can customize the file to have only two colors,
  red and white.

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PNG

• PNG Essentially Extended GIF Images.
• Allows for up to 24-bit color including
  control of opacity. Saving, restoring and
  re-saving a PNG image will not degrade its
  quality. PNG does not support animation like GIF
  does. Patent-Free

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Edit Friendly

• Uncompressed or lossless compression
• Saved, edited, saved, edited without penalty
• Good for archives (Why?)

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Edit Friendly (web poor) file formats(Either
uncompressed or lossless compression)

• TIFF images (.tif, .tiff)
• - uncompressed (Compressed packed bits, LZW,
  CCITT T.4, Deflate, new style JPEG)
• Standard Windows bitmap images (.bmp)-
  uncompressed
• Photoshop images (.psd, .pdd)- uncompressed
• RAW images (.raw)
• - shockingly uncompressed

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Four Steps to Preparing Digital Photos
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Step A.

• Archive important photos in their BIRTHDAY
  SUITS. (native, un-edited, un-resaved, happy,
  naked state)
• (Meaning, make a copy and DONT work on the
  copy)

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Step B

• If you will be doing lots of
• saving, editing, saving, editing
• FIRST, convert to a
• lossless or un-compressed form.

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Step C

• Edit and Adjust
• For appropriate pixel size
• Cropping, color, orientation
• Any other editing

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Step D.

• Save in the desired production format
• Done!

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On to software

• Picasa2
• Windows XP
• Filing System, Picture Details, Viewing
• Irfanview
• Photoshop Elements or CS